World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!

D-Index & Metrics

Immunology

D-Index
139
Citations
72575
World Ranking
167
National Ranking
16

Medicine

D-Index
139
Citations
72658
World Ranking
1760
National Ranking
184

Paul Klenerman publication distribution in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Immunology in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Paul Klenerman sits on this spectrum.

62–71 publications: 9 scientists 72–81 publications: 23 scientists 82–91 publications: 40 scientists 92–101 publications: 72 scientists 102–111 publications: 86 scientists 112–121 publications: 108 scientists 122–131 publications: 150 scientists 132–141 publications: 160 scientists 142–151 publications: 159 scientists 152–161 publications: 189 scientists 162–171 publications: 166 scientists 172–181 publications: 181 scientists 182–191 publications: 188 scientists 192–201 publications: 187 scientists 202–211 publications: 178 scientists 212–221 publications: 158 scientists 222–231 publications: 168 scientists 232–241 publications: 159 scientists 242–251 publications: 160 scientists 252–261 publications: 148 scientists 262–271 publications: 116 scientists 272–281 publications: 125 scientists 282–291 publications: 115 scientists 292–301 publications: 111 scientists 302–311 publications: 95 scientists 312–321 publications: 97 scientists 322–331 publications: 97 scientists 332–341 publications: 99 scientists 342–351 publications: 96 scientists 352–361 publications: 68 scientists 362–371 publications: 76 scientists 372–381 publications: 71 scientists 382–391 publications: 71 scientists 392–401 publications: 62 scientists 402–411 publications: 54 scientists 412–421 publications: 41 scientists 422–431 publications: 63 scientists 432–441 publications: 53 scientists 442–451 publications: 31 scientists 452–461 publications: 42 scientists 462–471 publications: 40 scientists 472–481 publications: 29 scientists 482–491 publications: 34 scientists 492–501 publications: 30 scientists 502–511 publications: 23 scientists 512–521 publications: 41 scientists 522–531 publications: 29 scientists 532–541 publications: 28 scientists 542–551 publications: 16 scientists 552–561 publications: 18 scientists 562–571 publications: 18 scientists 572–581 publications: 17 scientists 582–591 publications: 17 scientists 592–601 publications: 17 scientists 602–611 publications: 19 scientists 612–621 publications: 13 scientists 622–631 publications: 12 scientists 632–641 publications: 11 scientists 642–651 publications: 16 scientists 652–661 publications: 9 scientists 662–671 publications: 5 scientists 672–681 publications: 13 scientists 682–691 publications: 12 scientists 692–701 publications: 6 scientists 702–711 publications: 6 scientists 712–721 publications: 9 scientists 722–731 publications: 9 scientists 732–741 publications: 6 scientists 742–751 publications: 11 scientists 752–761 publications: 10 scientists 762–771 publications: 7 scientists 772–781 publications: 12 scientists 782–791 publications: 7 scientists 792–801 publications: 5 scientists 802–806 publications: 1 scientists 807+ publications: 100 scientists
62 publications 807+

This scientist: 729 publications — 97th percentile

97% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 807 publications or more.

Paul Klenerman D-index placement in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Immunology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Paul Klenerman sits on this spectrum.

40–41 D-Index: 28 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 91 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 157 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 192 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 175 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 188 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 177 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 155 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 194 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 201 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 197 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 201 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 173 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 167 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 172 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 199 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 184 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 133 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 162 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 127 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 121 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 125 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 121 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 102 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 96 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 75 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 72 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 74 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 66 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 68 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 49 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 60 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 54 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 36 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 23 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 52 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 41 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 34 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 25 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 28 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 11 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 20 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 27 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 19 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 20 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 16 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 17 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 14 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 15 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 9 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 11 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 9 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 9 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 7 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 7 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 7 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 5 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 8 scientists 156 D-Index: 6 scientists 157+ D-Index: 96 scientists
40 D-Index 157+

This scientist: 139 D-Index — 97th percentile

97% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more.

Research.com Recognitions

  • Fellow of The Academy of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom
  • Fellow of The Academy of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom
  • Fellow of The Academy of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom
  • Fellow of The Academy of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom

Overview

Paul Klenerman is affiliated with the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. Their research primarily focuses on the fields of Medicine and Immunology and Microbiology, with a substantial number of publications addressing Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Epidemiology, Molecular Biology, and Oncology.

The main topics Paul Klenerman has investigated include SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research, COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies, Immune Cell Function and Interaction, T-cell and B-cell Immunology, Immunotherapy and Immune Responses, Long-Term Effects of COVID-19, and vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches.

Frequent venues where their research has been published encompass bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Nature Communications, SSRN Electronic Journal, Cell, and Frontiers in Immunology.

Key recent papers include the following:

  • Genetic mechanisms of critical illness in COVID-19, 2020, Nature
  • Broad and strong memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells induced by SARS-CoV-2 in UK convalescent individuals following COVID-19, 2020, Nature Immunology
  • Evidence of escape of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351 from natural and vaccine-induced sera, 2021, Cell
  • SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-B.1.1.529 leads to widespread escape from neutralizing antibody responses, 2022, Cell
  • Antibody escape of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 from vaccine and BA.1 serum, 2022, Cell

Paul Klenerman has collaborated frequently with several co-authors, including:

  • Eleanor Barnes
  • Susanna Dunachie
  • Alexander J. Mentzer
  • Lance Turtle
  • J. Kenneth Baillie

They have received recognition as a Fellow of The Academy of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom.

Best Publications

  • PD-1 expression on HIV-specific T cells is associated with T-cell exhaustion and disease progression

    Cheryl L Day;Daniel E Kaufmann;Photini Kiepiela;Julia A Brown

  • Memory CD8+ T cells vary in differentiation phenotype in different persistent virus infections.

    Victor Appay;P. Rod Dunbar;Margaret Callan;Paul Klenerman

  • Analysis of Successful Immune Responses in Persons Infected with Hepatitis C Virus

    F. Lechner;D. K. H. Wong;P. R. Dunbar;R. Chapman

  • The Human Cell Atlas

    Aviv Regev;Aviv Regev;Aviv Regev;Sarah A Teichmann;Sarah A Teichmann;Sarah A Teichmann;Eric S Lander;Eric S Lander;Eric S Lander;Ido Amit

  • Genetic mechanisms of critical illness in Covid-19.

    E. Pairo-Castineira;E. Pairo-Castineira;S. Clohisey;L. Klaric;A. D. Bretherick

  • Single-dose administration and the influence of the timing of the booster dose on immunogenicity and efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine: a pooled analysis of four randomised trials.

    M Voysey;S A Costa Clemens;S A Madhi;L Y Weckx

  • Broad and strong memory CD4 + and CD8 + T cells induced by SARS-CoV-2 in UK convalescent individuals following COVID-19.

    Y Peng;A J Mentzer;G Liu;G Liu;X Yao

  • Evidence of escape of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351 from natural and vaccine-induced sera.

    D Zhou;W Dejnirattisai;P Supasa;C Liu

  • Dominant influence of HLA-B in mediating the potential co-evolution of HIV and HLA.

    Photini Kiepiela;Alasdair J. Leslie;Isobella Honeyborne;Danni Ramduth

  • POSITIVE SELECTION OF HIV-1 CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE ESCAPE VARIANTS DURING PRIMARY INFECTION

    David A. Price;Philip J. R. Goulder;Paul Klenerman;Andrew K. Sewell

  • Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition)

    Andrea Cossarizza;Hyun Dong Chang;Andreas Radbruch;Andreas Acs

  • COVID-19 vaccine coverage in health-care workers in England and effectiveness of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine against infection (SIREN): a prospective, multicentre, cohort study.

    Victoria Jane Hall;Victoria Jane Hall;Sarah Foulkes;Ayoub Saei;Nick Andrews;Nick Andrews

  • SARS-CoV-2 infection rates of antibody-positive compared with antibody-negative health-care workers in England: a large, multicentre, prospective cohort study (SIREN).

    V J Hall;S Foulkes;A Charlett;A Atti

  • Reduced neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 by vaccine and convalescent serum.

    C Liu;H M Ginn;W Dejnirattisai;P Supasa

  • Genome-wide genetic association of complex traits in heterogeneous stock mice

    William Valdar;Leah C Solberg;Leah C Solberg;Dominique Gauguier;Stephanie Burnett

  • Physical, cognitive, and mental health impacts of COVID-19 after hospitalisation (PHOSP-COVID): a UK multicentre, prospective cohort study.

    Rachael A Evans;Hamish McAuley;Ewen M Harrison;Aarti Shikotra

  • Sustained Dysfunction of Antiviral CD8+ T Lymphocytes after Infection with Hepatitis C Virus

    Norbert H. Gruener;Franziska Lechner;Maria-Christina Jung;Helmut Diepolder

  • Medium-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on multiple vital organs, exercise capacity, cognition, quality of life and mental health, post-hospital discharge

    B Raman;B Raman;M P Cassar;E M Tunnicliffe;N Filippini

  • CD161 ++ CD8 + T cells, including the MAIT cell subset, are specifically activated by IL-12+IL-18 in a TCR-independent manner

    James E. Ussher;Matthew Bilton;Emma Attwod;Jonathan Shadwell

  • Immune surveillance against a solid tumor fails because of immunological ignorance.

    Adrian F. Ochsenbein;Paul Klenerman;Urs Karrer;Burkhard Ludewig

  • Antibody evasion by the P.1 strain of SARS-CoV-2.

    W Dejnirattisai;D Zhou;P Supasa;C Liu

  • Adaptation of HIV-1 to human leukocyte antigen class I

    Y. Kawashima;K. Pfafferott;J. Frater;P. Matthews

  • Memory Inflation: Continuous Accumulation of Antiviral CD8+ T Cells Over Time

    Urs Karrer;Sophie Sierro;Markus Wagner;Annette Oxenius

  • Direct ex vivo analysis of antigen-specific IFN-gamma-secreting CD4 T cells in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected individuals: associations with clinical disease state and effect of treatment.

    Ansar A. Pathan;Katalin A. Wilkinson;Paul Klenerman;Helen McShane

  • Lancet Seminar – Hepatitis C

    Daniel P Webster;Paul Klenerman;Geoffrey M Dusheiko

  • Genetic mechanisms of critical illness in Covid-19

    Erola Pairo-Castineira;Sara Clohisey;Lucija Klaric;Andrew Bretherick;Andrew Bretherick

Frequent Co-Authors

Eleanor Barnes
Eleanor Barnes University of Oxford
Philip J. R. Goulder
Philip J. R. Goulder University of Oxford
Rodney E. Phillips
Rodney E. Phillips University of Oxford
Bruce D. Walker
Bruce D. Walker Harvard University
Philippa C. Matthews
Philippa C. Matthews University of Oxford
Peter Simmonds
Peter Simmonds University of Oxford
John Frater
John Frater University of Oxford
Georg M. Lauer
Georg M. Lauer Harvard University
Oliver G. Pybus
Oliver G. Pybus University of Oxford
Silvana Gaudieri
Silvana Gaudieri University of Western Australia

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Related Online Degrees & Career Pathways

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For those who already hold degrees and want to fast-track their career, accelerated NP programs provide a streamlined option to become nurse practitioners, opening doors to advanced practice roles that complement immunology expertise.

Career decisions should also consider financial outcomes. Understanding the dnp salary by state can guide professionals in choosing the best location and specialty to maximize salary potential while working in immunology-related fields.

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