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Immunology
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2026
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Medicine
Brazil
2023

D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Immunology 103 640 592 3 3 396 39180
Medicine 103 7363 6918 15 14 400 39188

Ricardo T. Gazzinelli publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Ricardo T. Gazzinelli between 1978 and 2026, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Ricardo T. Gazzinelli published across 49 years, from 1978 to 2026, averaging 9.3 papers a year. Output peaked at 27 publications in 2021. 20 of the 458 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
5 10 15 20 25
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1978 to 2026. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 27. Peak 27 publications in 2021. 1978: 1 publication 1979: 1 publication 1980: 0 publications 1981: 1 publication 1982: 2 publications 1983: 4 publications 1984: 1 publication 1985: 0 publications 1986: 0 publications 1987: 0 publications 1988: 5 publications 1989: 0 publications 1990: 4 publications 1991: 8 publications 1992: 8 publications 1993: 14 publications 1994: 7 publications 1995: 7 publications 1996: 22 publications 1997: 5 publications 1998: 9 publications 1999: 12 publications 2000: 9 publications 2001: 10 publications 2002: 14 publications 2003: 18 publications 2004: 21 publications 2005: 7 publications 2006: 10 publications 2007: 16 publications 2008: 13 publications 2009: 11 publications 2010: 7 publications 2011: 16 publications 2012: 14 publications 2013: 17 publications 2014: 18 publications 2015: 7 publications 2016: 7 publications 2017: 8 publications 2018: 11 publications 2019: 9 publications 2020: 14 publications 2021: 27 publications 2022: 18 publications 2023: 13 publications 2024: 12 publications 2025: 18 publications 2026: 2 publications
1978 2026

458 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Ricardo T. Gazzinelli: publications per year, 1978 to 2026
Year Publications
1978 1
1979 1
1980 0
1981 1
1982 2
1983 4
1984 1
1985 0
1986 0
1987 0
1988 5
1989 0
1990 4
1991 8
1992 8
1993 14
1994 7
1995 7
1996 22
1997 5
1998 9
1999 12
2000 9
2001 10
2002 14
2003 18
2004 21
2005 7
2006 10
2007 16
2008 13
2009 11
2010 7
2011 16
2012 14
2013 17
2014 18
2015 7
2016 7
2017 8
2018 11
2019 9
2020 14
2021 27
2022 18
2023 13
2024 12
2025 18
2026 2
Total 458
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Ricardo T. Gazzinelli publication distribution in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Immunology in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Ricardo T. Gazzinelli sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150
Bar chart with 76 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 62–71 to 807+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 189. Most scientists, 189, have 152–161 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 807 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 392–401 publications, is where this scientist sits. 62–71 publications: 9 scientists 72–81 publications: 23 scientists 82–91 publications: 40 scientists 92–101 publications: 72 scientists 102–111 publications: 86 scientists 112–121 publications: 108 scientists 122–131 publications: 150 scientists 132–141 publications: 160 scientists 142–151 publications: 159 scientists 152–161 publications: 189 scientists 162–171 publications: 166 scientists 172–181 publications: 181 scientists 182–191 publications: 188 scientists 192–201 publications: 187 scientists 202–211 publications: 178 scientists 212–221 publications: 158 scientists 222–231 publications: 168 scientists 232–241 publications: 159 scientists 242–251 publications: 160 scientists 252–261 publications: 148 scientists 262–271 publications: 116 scientists 272–281 publications: 125 scientists 282–291 publications: 115 scientists 292–301 publications: 111 scientists 302–311 publications: 95 scientists 312–321 publications: 97 scientists 322–331 publications: 97 scientists 332–341 publications: 99 scientists 342–351 publications: 96 scientists 352–361 publications: 69 scientists 362–371 publications: 76 scientists 372–381 publications: 71 scientists 382–391 publications: 71 scientists 392–401 publications: 62 scientists 402–411 publications: 54 scientists 412–421 publications: 41 scientists 422–431 publications: 63 scientists 432–441 publications: 53 scientists 442–451 publications: 31 scientists 452–461 publications: 42 scientists 462–471 publications: 40 scientists 472–481 publications: 29 scientists 482–491 publications: 34 scientists 492–501 publications: 30 scientists 502–511 publications: 23 scientists 512–521 publications: 41 scientists 522–531 publications: 29 scientists 532–541 publications: 28 scientists 542–551 publications: 16 scientists 552–561 publications: 18 scientists 562–571 publications: 18 scientists 572–581 publications: 17 scientists 582–591 publications: 17 scientists 592–601 publications: 17 scientists 602–611 publications: 19 scientists 612–621 publications: 13 scientists 622–631 publications: 12 scientists 632–641 publications: 11 scientists 642–651 publications: 16 scientists 652–661 publications: 9 scientists 662–671 publications: 5 scientists 672–681 publications: 13 scientists 682–691 publications: 12 scientists 692–701 publications: 6 scientists 702–711 publications: 6 scientists 712–721 publications: 9 scientists 722–731 publications: 9 scientists 732–741 publications: 6 scientists 742–751 publications: 11 scientists 752–761 publications: 10 scientists 762–771 publications: 7 scientists 772–781 publications: 12 scientists 782–791 publications: 7 scientists 792–801 publications: 5 scientists 802–806 publications: 1 scientist 807+ publications: 100 scientists
62–71 publications 807+

This scientist: 396 publications — 80th percentile

80% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 807 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Immunology scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 4,929 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
62–71 9
72–81 23
82–91 40
92–101 72
102–111 86
112–121 108
122–131 150
132–141 160
142–151 159
152–161 189
162–171 166
172–181 181
182–191 188
192–201 187
202–211 178
212–221 158
222–231 168
232–241 159
242–251 160
252–261 148
262–271 116
272–281 125
282–291 115
292–301 111
302–311 95
312–321 97
322–331 97
332–341 99
342–351 96
352–361 69
362–371 76
372–381 71
382–391 71
392–401 62 396
402–411 54
412–421 41
422–431 63
432–441 53
442–451 31
452–461 42
462–471 40
472–481 29
482–491 34
492–501 30
502–511 23
512–521 41
522–531 29
532–541 28
542–551 16
552–561 18
562–571 18
572–581 17
582–591 17
592–601 17
602–611 19
612–621 13
622–631 12
632–641 11
642–651 16
652–661 9
662–671 5
672–681 13
682–691 12
692–701 6
702–711 6
712–721 9
722–731 9
732–741 6
742–751 11
752–761 10
762–771 7
772–781 12
782–791 7
792–801 5
802–806 1
807+ 100
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Ricardo T. Gazzinelli D-index placement in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Immunology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Ricardo T. Gazzinelli sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150 200
Bar chart with 60 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 40–41 to 157+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 201. Most scientists, 201, have 58–59 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 102–103 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 40–41 D-Index: 28 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 91 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 157 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 192 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 175 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 188 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 177 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 155 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 194 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 201 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 197 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 201 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 173 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 167 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 172 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 199 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 184 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 133 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 163 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 127 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 121 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 125 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 121 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 102 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 96 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 75 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 72 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 74 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 66 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 68 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 49 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 60 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 54 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 36 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 23 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 52 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 41 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 34 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 25 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 28 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 11 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 20 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 27 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 19 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 20 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 16 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 17 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 14 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 15 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 9 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 11 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 9 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 9 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 7 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 7 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 7 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 5 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 8 scientists 156 D-Index: 6 scientists 157+ D-Index: 96 scientists
40–41 D-Index 157+

This scientist: 103 D-Index — 87th percentile

87% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Immunology scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 4,929 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
40–41 28
42–43 91
44–45 157
46–47 192
48–49 175
50–51 188
52–53 177
54–55 155
56–57 194
58–59 201
60–61 197
62–63 201
64–65 173
66–67 167
68–69 172
70–71 199
72–73 184
74–75 133
76–77 163
78–79 127
80–81 121
82–83 125
84–85 121
86–87 102
88–89 96
90–91 75
92–93 72
94–95 74
96–97 66
98–99 68
100–101 49
102–103 60 103
104–105 54
106–107 36
108–109 23
110–111 52
112–113 41
114–115 34
116–117 25
118–119 28
120–121 11
122–123 20
124–125 27
126–127 19
128–129 20
130–131 16
132–133 17
134–135 14
136–137 15
138–139 9
140–141 11
142–143 9
144–145 9
146–147 7
148–149 7
150–151 7
152–153 5
154–155 8
156 6
157+ 96
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Research.com Recognitions

  • 2026 - Research.com Immunology in Brazil Leader Award
  • 2025 - Research.com Immunology in Brazil Leader Award
  • 2023 - Research.com Immunology in Brazil Leader Award
  • 2023 - Research.com Medicine in Brazil Leader Award
  • 2022 - Research.com Immunology in Brazil Leader Award
  • 2022 - Research.com Medicine in Brazil Leader Award
  • 2010 - Fellow, The World Academy of Sciences
  • 2004 - Fellow of John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation

Overview

Ricardo T. Gazzinelli is affiliated with the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais in Brazil. Their research primarily spans medicine and immunology and microbiology, with a strong focus on infectious diseases and public health-related topics.

The scientist's recent publications include:

  • The IRAK4 scaffold integrates TLR4-driven TRIF and MYD88 signaling pathways (2022, Cell Reports)
  • γδ T cells suppress Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage infection by direct killing and phagocytosis (2021, Nature Immunology)
  • Periodic Parasites and Daily Host Rhythms (2020, Cell Host & Microbe)
  • Regulation of innate immune signaling by IRAK proteins (2023, Frontiers in Immunology)
  • Behavioral alterations in long-term Toxoplasma gondii infection of C57BL/6 mice are associated with neuroinflammation and disruption of the blood brain barrier (2021, PLoS ONE)

Their frequent co-authors include Julia Castro, Santuza Maria Ribeiro Teixeira, Lis Ribeiro do Valle Antonelli, Douglas T. Golenbock, and Natália Satchiko Hojo-Souza.

Ricardo T. Gazzinelli's publications often appear in the following venues:

  • PLoS neglected tropical diseases
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
  • Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
  • Cell Reports
  • Frontiers in Immunology

Their research covers several subfields, including:

  • Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Biology

Key topics in their work include:

  • Malaria Research and Control
  • Trypanosoma species research and implications
  • Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
  • Mosquito-borne diseases and control
  • Immune Response and Inflammation
  • COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies

Ricardo T. Gazzinelli has been recognized as a Fellow by The World Academy of Sciences in 2010 and as a Fellow of the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation in 2004.

Best Publications

  • In the absence of endogenous IL-10, mice acutely infected with Toxoplasma gondii succumb to a lethal immune response dependent on CD4+ T cells and accompanied by overproduction of IL-12, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha.

    Ricardo T. Gazzinelli;M. Wysocka;S Hieny;T Scharton-Kersten

  • Interleukin 12 acts directly on CD4+ T cells to enhance priming for interferon gamma production and diminishes interleukin 4 inhibition of such priming

    Robert A. Seder;Ricardo Gazzinelli;Alan Sher;William E. Paul

  • Regulation and Function of T-Cell-Mediated Immunity during Toxoplasma gondii Infection

    Eric Y. Denkers;Ricardo T. Gazzinelli

  • Interleukin 12 is required for the T-lymphocyte-independent induction of interferon gamma by an intracellular parasite and induces resistance in T-cell-deficient hosts.

    Ricardo T. Gazzinelli;Sara Hieny;Thomas A. Wynn;Stanley Wolf

  • IL-10 inhibits parasite killing and nitrogen oxide production by IFN-gamma-activated macrophages.

    R T Gazzinelli;I P Oswald;S L James;A Sher

  • Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition)

    Andrea Cossarizza;Hyun Dong Chang;Andreas Radbruch;Andreas Acs

  • Parasite-induced IL-12 stimulates early IFN-gamma synthesis and resistance during acute infection with Toxoplasma gondii.

    R T Gazzinelli;M Wysocka;S Hayashi;E Y Denkers

  • Activation of Toll-like receptor-2 by glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors from a protozoan parasite.

    Marco A. S. Campos;Igor C. Almeida;Osamu Takeuchi;Shizuo Akira

  • Synergistic role of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in IFN-gamma production and protective immunity induced by an attenuated Toxoplasma gondii vaccine.

    R T Gazzinelli;F T Hakim;S Hieny;G M Shearer

  • Malaria hemozoin is immunologically inert but radically enhances innate responses by presenting malaria DNA to Toll-like receptor 9.

    Peggy Parroche;Fanny N. Lauw;Nadege Goutagny;Eicke Latz

  • Simultaneous depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes is required to reactivate chronic infection with Toxoplasma gondii.

    R Gazzinelli;Y Xu;S Hieny;A Cheever

  • The microbicidal activity of interferon-gamma-treated macrophages against Trypanosoma cruzi involves an L-arginine-dependent, nitrogen oxide-mediated mechanism inhibitable by interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-beta.

    Ricardo T. Gazzinelli;Isabel P. Oswald;Sara Hieny;Stephanie L. James

  • Role of T-cell derived cytokines in the downregulation of immune responses in parasitic and retroviral infection.

    Alan Sher;Ricardo T. Gazzinelli;Isabelle P. Oswald;Mario Clerici

  • IL-10 synergizes with IL-4 and transforming growth factor-beta to inhibit macrophage cytotoxic activity.

    I P Oswald;R T Gazzinelli;A Sher;S L James

  • In the absence of endogenous IFN-gamma, mice develop unimpaired IL-12 responses to Toxoplasma gondii while failing to control acute infection.

    T M Scharton-Kersten;T A Wynn;E Y Denkers;S Bala

  • Acute cerebral toxoplasmosis is induced by in vivo neutralization of TNF-alpha and correlates with the down-regulated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and other markers of macrophage activation.

    R T Gazzinelli;I Eltoum;T A Wynn;A Sher

  • Protozoan encounters with Toll-like receptor signalling pathways: implications for host parasitism

    Ricardo T. Gazzinelli;Ricardo T. Gazzinelli;Ricardo T. Gazzinelli;Eric Y. Denkers

  • Immunological control of Trypanosoma cruzi infection and pathogenesis of Chagas' disease.

    Zigman Brener;Ricardo T. Gazzinelli

  • Leishmania promastigotes selectively inhibit interleukin 12 induction in bone marrow-derived macrophages from susceptible and resistant mice.

    Lucia Carrera;Ricardo T. Gazzinelli;Raffaello Badolato;Sara Hieny

  • Innate sensing of malaria parasites

    Ricardo T. Gazzinelli;Parisa Kalantari;Katherine A. Fitzgerald;Douglas T. Golenbock

  • In the absence of endogenous IL-10, mice acutely infected with Toxoplasma gondii succumb to a lethal

    Ricardo Tostes Gazzinelli;Maria Wysocka;Sara Hieny;Tanya M Scharton-Kersten

Frequent Co-Authors

Alan Sher
Alan Sher National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Douglas T. Golenbock
Douglas T. Golenbock University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School
Igor C. Almeida
Igor C. Almeida The University of Texas at El Paso
Mauricio M. Rodrigues
Mauricio M. Rodrigues Federal University of Sao Paulo
João S. Silva
João S. Silva Universidade de São Paulo
Mauro M. Teixeira
Mauro M. Teixeira Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Eric Y. Denkers
Eric Y. Denkers University of New Mexico
Sara Hieny
Sara Hieny National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Alvaro J. Romanha
Alvaro J. Romanha Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
Katherine A. Fitzgerald
Katherine A. Fitzgerald University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School

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