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Immunology
Italy
2026
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Medicine
Italy
2023

D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Immunology 164 67 64 3 3 809 99469
Medicine 164 662 606 17 17 810 99495

Lorenzo Moretta publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Lorenzo Moretta between 1975 and 2026, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Lorenzo Moretta published across 52 years, from 1975 to 2026, averaging 16.9 papers a year. Output peaked at 50 publications in 2023. 12 of the 879 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
10 20 30 40 50
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1975 to 2026. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 50. Peak 50 publications in 2023. 1975: 2 publications 1976: 2 publications 1977: 7 publications 1978: 6 publications 1979: 8 publications 1980: 8 publications 1981: 15 publications 1982: 9 publications 1983: 11 publications 1984: 9 publications 1985: 15 publications 1986: 15 publications 1987: 15 publications 1988: 12 publications 1989: 17 publications 1990: 16 publications 1991: 9 publications 1992: 16 publications 1993: 9 publications 1994: 14 publications 1995: 6 publications 1996: 20 publications 1997: 26 publications 1998: 17 publications 1999: 15 publications 2000: 21 publications 2001: 16 publications 2002: 14 publications 2003: 26 publications 2004: 23 publications 2005: 21 publications 2006: 19 publications 2007: 18 publications 2008: 21 publications 2009: 26 publications 2010: 20 publications 2011: 17 publications 2012: 22 publications 2013: 25 publications 2014: 30 publications 2015: 25 publications 2016: 26 publications 2017: 19 publications 2018: 25 publications 2019: 21 publications 2020: 25 publications 2021: 30 publications 2022: 17 publications 2023: 50 publications 2024: 11 publications 2025: 10 publications 2026: 2 publications
1975 2026

879 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Lorenzo Moretta: publications per year, 1975 to 2026
Year Publications
1975 2
1976 2
1977 7
1978 6
1979 8
1980 8
1981 15
1982 9
1983 11
1984 9
1985 15
1986 15
1987 15
1988 12
1989 17
1990 16
1991 9
1992 16
1993 9
1994 14
1995 6
1996 20
1997 26
1998 17
1999 15
2000 21
2001 16
2002 14
2003 26
2004 23
2005 21
2006 19
2007 18
2008 21
2009 26
2010 20
2011 17
2012 22
2013 25
2014 30
2015 25
2016 26
2017 19
2018 25
2019 21
2020 25
2021 30
2022 17
2023 50
2024 11
2025 10
2026 2
Total 879
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Lorenzo Moretta publication distribution in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Immunology in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Lorenzo Moretta sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150
Bar chart with 76 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 62–71 to 807+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 189. Most scientists, 189, have 152–161 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 807 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 807+ publications, is where this scientist sits. 62–71 publications: 9 scientists 72–81 publications: 23 scientists 82–91 publications: 40 scientists 92–101 publications: 72 scientists 102–111 publications: 86 scientists 112–121 publications: 108 scientists 122–131 publications: 150 scientists 132–141 publications: 160 scientists 142–151 publications: 159 scientists 152–161 publications: 189 scientists 162–171 publications: 166 scientists 172–181 publications: 181 scientists 182–191 publications: 188 scientists 192–201 publications: 187 scientists 202–211 publications: 178 scientists 212–221 publications: 158 scientists 222–231 publications: 168 scientists 232–241 publications: 159 scientists 242–251 publications: 160 scientists 252–261 publications: 148 scientists 262–271 publications: 116 scientists 272–281 publications: 125 scientists 282–291 publications: 115 scientists 292–301 publications: 111 scientists 302–311 publications: 95 scientists 312–321 publications: 97 scientists 322–331 publications: 97 scientists 332–341 publications: 99 scientists 342–351 publications: 96 scientists 352–361 publications: 69 scientists 362–371 publications: 76 scientists 372–381 publications: 71 scientists 382–391 publications: 71 scientists 392–401 publications: 62 scientists 402–411 publications: 54 scientists 412–421 publications: 41 scientists 422–431 publications: 63 scientists 432–441 publications: 53 scientists 442–451 publications: 31 scientists 452–461 publications: 42 scientists 462–471 publications: 40 scientists 472–481 publications: 29 scientists 482–491 publications: 34 scientists 492–501 publications: 30 scientists 502–511 publications: 23 scientists 512–521 publications: 41 scientists 522–531 publications: 29 scientists 532–541 publications: 28 scientists 542–551 publications: 16 scientists 552–561 publications: 18 scientists 562–571 publications: 18 scientists 572–581 publications: 17 scientists 582–591 publications: 17 scientists 592–601 publications: 17 scientists 602–611 publications: 19 scientists 612–621 publications: 13 scientists 622–631 publications: 12 scientists 632–641 publications: 11 scientists 642–651 publications: 16 scientists 652–661 publications: 9 scientists 662–671 publications: 5 scientists 672–681 publications: 13 scientists 682–691 publications: 12 scientists 692–701 publications: 6 scientists 702–711 publications: 6 scientists 712–721 publications: 9 scientists 722–731 publications: 9 scientists 732–741 publications: 6 scientists 742–751 publications: 11 scientists 752–761 publications: 10 scientists 762–771 publications: 7 scientists 772–781 publications: 12 scientists 782–791 publications: 7 scientists 792–801 publications: 5 scientists 802–806 publications: 1 scientist 807+ publications: 100 scientists
62–71 publications 807+

This scientist: 809 publications — 98th percentile

98% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 807 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Immunology scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 4,929 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
62–71 9
72–81 23
82–91 40
92–101 72
102–111 86
112–121 108
122–131 150
132–141 160
142–151 159
152–161 189
162–171 166
172–181 181
182–191 188
192–201 187
202–211 178
212–221 158
222–231 168
232–241 159
242–251 160
252–261 148
262–271 116
272–281 125
282–291 115
292–301 111
302–311 95
312–321 97
322–331 97
332–341 99
342–351 96
352–361 69
362–371 76
372–381 71
382–391 71
392–401 62
402–411 54
412–421 41
422–431 63
432–441 53
442–451 31
452–461 42
462–471 40
472–481 29
482–491 34
492–501 30
502–511 23
512–521 41
522–531 29
532–541 28
542–551 16
552–561 18
562–571 18
572–581 17
582–591 17
592–601 17
602–611 19
612–621 13
622–631 12
632–641 11
642–651 16
652–661 9
662–671 5
672–681 13
682–691 12
692–701 6
702–711 6
712–721 9
722–731 9
732–741 6
742–751 11
752–761 10
762–771 7
772–781 12
782–791 7
792–801 5
802–806 1
807+ 100 809
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Lorenzo Moretta D-index placement in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Immunology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Lorenzo Moretta sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150 200
Bar chart with 60 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 40–41 to 157+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 201. Most scientists, 201, have 58–59 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 157+ D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 40–41 D-Index: 28 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 91 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 157 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 192 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 175 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 188 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 177 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 155 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 194 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 201 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 197 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 201 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 173 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 167 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 172 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 199 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 184 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 133 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 163 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 127 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 121 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 125 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 121 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 102 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 96 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 75 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 72 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 74 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 66 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 68 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 49 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 60 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 54 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 36 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 23 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 52 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 41 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 34 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 25 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 28 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 11 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 20 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 27 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 19 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 20 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 16 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 17 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 14 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 15 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 9 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 11 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 9 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 9 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 7 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 7 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 7 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 5 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 8 scientists 156 D-Index: 6 scientists 157+ D-Index: 96 scientists
40–41 D-Index 157+

This scientist: 164 D-Index — 99th percentile

99% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Immunology scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 4,929 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
40–41 28
42–43 91
44–45 157
46–47 192
48–49 175
50–51 188
52–53 177
54–55 155
56–57 194
58–59 201
60–61 197
62–63 201
64–65 173
66–67 167
68–69 172
70–71 199
72–73 184
74–75 133
76–77 163
78–79 127
80–81 121
82–83 125
84–85 121
86–87 102
88–89 96
90–91 75
92–93 72
94–95 74
96–97 66
98–99 68
100–101 49
102–103 60
104–105 54
106–107 36
108–109 23
110–111 52
112–113 41
114–115 34
116–117 25
118–119 28
120–121 11
122–123 20
124–125 27
126–127 19
128–129 20
130–131 16
132–133 17
134–135 14
136–137 15
138–139 9
140–141 11
142–143 9
144–145 9
146–147 7
148–149 7
150–151 7
152–153 5
154–155 8
156 6
157+ 96 164
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Research.com Recognitions

  • 2026 - Research.com Immunology in Italy Leader Award
  • 2025 - Research.com Immunology in Italy Leader Award
  • 2023 - Research.com Immunology in Italy Leader Award
  • 2023 - Research.com Medicine in Italy Leader Award
  • 2022 - Research.com Immunology in Italy Leader Award
  • 1991 - Member of Academia Europaea
  • Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
  • Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
  • Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
  • Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
  • Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
  • Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)

Overview

What is he best known for?

The fields of study he is best known for:

  • Gene
  • Immune system
  • Cancer

His primary areas of study are Immunology, Cell biology, Interleukin 21, Receptor and Lymphokine-activated killer cell. His work carried out in the field of Immunology brings together such families of science as Natural killer cell and Transplantation. He has researched Cell biology in several fields, including NKG2D, Nectin and Cytokine.

His Interleukin 21 research includes themes of IL-2 receptor, Antigen-presenting cell, Natural killer T cell, CD16 and Interleukin 12. The Receptor study combines topics in areas such as Molecular biology, Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 1, Major histocompatibility complex and Cytotoxicity. His Lymphokine-activated killer cell research includes elements of Stromal cell, Janus kinase 3, Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cell, NK-92 and Innate lymphoid cell.

His most cited work include:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells in health and disease (2397 citations)
  • Activating Receptors and Coreceptors Involved in Human Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Cytolysis (1532 citations)
  • Functional analysis of two human T-cell subpopulations: help and suppression of B-cell responses by T cells bearing receptors for IgM or IgG. (999 citations)

What are the main themes of his work throughout his whole career to date?

His scientific interests lie mostly in Immunology, Cell biology, Receptor, Interleukin 21 and Molecular biology. His study in Immunology is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing from both Natural killer cell, Cytotoxic T cell and Transplantation. His Cell biology research is multidisciplinary, relying on both NKG2D, Cellular differentiation, MHC class I and Innate lymphoid cell.

His research in Receptor tackles topics such as Cell which are related to areas like Cancer research. His work deals with themes such as Innate immune system, Interleukin 12 and Antigen-presenting cell, which intersect with Interleukin 21. His Lymphokine-activated killer cell study combines topics from a wide range of disciplines, such as NK-92 and Natural killer T cell.

He most often published in these fields:

  • Immunology (57.44%)
  • Cell biology (41.66%)
  • Receptor (37.90%)

What were the highlights of his more recent work (between 2013-2021)?

  • Immunology (57.44%)
  • Immune system (16.30%)
  • Cancer research (12.03%)

In recent papers he was focusing on the following fields of study:

His primary scientific interests are in Immunology, Immune system, Cancer research, Cell biology and Innate lymphoid cell. His research integrates issues of Interleukin 12, Receptor and Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in his study of Immunology. His Immune system research is multidisciplinary, incorporating perspectives in Stromal cell, Haematopoiesis and Virology.

Lorenzo Moretta has included themes like Cell, Cell culture, Downregulation and upregulation and Immunotherapy in his Cancer research study. His Cell biology study integrates concerns from other disciplines, such as Chemokine and Cellular differentiation. His Human leukocyte antigen research incorporates elements of Natural killer cell and CD19.

Between 2013 and 2021, his most popular works were:

  • Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition) (345 citations)
  • Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (301 citations)
  • HLA-haploidentical stem cell transplantation after removal of αβ+ T and B cells in children with nonmalignant disorders (282 citations)

In his most recent research, the most cited papers focused on:

  • Gene
  • Immune system
  • Cancer

The scientist’s investigation covers issues in Immunology, Immune system, Cell biology, Receptor and Interleukin 12. His study in Lymphokine-activated killer cell, Interleukin 21, Innate lymphoid cell and NK-92 falls under the purview of Immunology. His Immune system study combines topics in areas such as Cell, Cancer research and Monoclonal antibody.

In general Cell biology study, his work on Progenitor cell often relates to the realm of Decidua, thereby connecting several areas of interest. His Receptor study incorporates themes from Virus, Viral entry, Metastasis, Tertiary Lymphoid Structures and Cytotoxicity. His work in Interleukin 12 addresses issues such as Tumor necrosis factor alpha, which are connected to fields such as CD49b and Eomesodermin.

Best Publications

  • Mesenchymal stem cells in health and disease

    Antonio Uccelli;Lorenzo Moretta;Vito Pistoia

  • Activating receptors and coreceptors involved in human natural killer cell-mediated cytolysis.

    Alessandro Moretta;Cristina Bottino;Massimo Vitale;Daniela Pende

  • Functional analysis of two human T-cell subpopulations: help and suppression of B-cell responses by T cells bearing receptors for IgM or IgG.

    L Moretta;S R Webb;C E Grossi;P M Lydyard

  • Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit natural killer-cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, and cytokine production: Role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and prostaglandin E2

    Grazia Maria Spaggiari;Andrea Capobianco;Heba Abdelrazik;Flavio Becchetti

  • Mesenchymal stem cell-natural killer cell interactions: evidence that activated NK cells are capable of killing MSCs, whereas MSCs can inhibit IL-2-induced NK-cell proliferation

    Grazia Maria Spaggiari;Andrea Capobianco;Stelvio Becchetti;Maria Cristina Mingari

  • Human dendritic cells activate resting natural killer (NK) cells and are recognized via the NKp30 receptor by activated NK cells.

    Guido Ferlazzo;Ming L. Tsang;Lorenzo Moretta;Lorenzo Moretta;Giovanni Melioli

  • Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies

    Andrea Cossarizza;Hyun Dong Chang;Andreas Radbruch;Mübeccel Akdis

  • Identification of PVR (CD155) and Nectin-2 (CD112) as Cell Surface Ligands for the Human DNAM-1 (CD226) Activating Molecule

    Cristina Bottino;Roberta Castriconi;Daniela Pende;Paola Rivera

  • RECEPTORS FOR HLA CLASS-I MOLECULES IN HUMAN NATURAL KILLER CELLS

    Alessandro Moretta;Cristina Bottino;Massimo Vitale;Daniela Pende

  • Identification and Molecular Characterization of Nkp30, a Novel Triggering Receptor Involved in Natural Cytotoxicity Mediated by Human Natural Killer Cells

    Daniela Pende;Silvia Parolini;Anna Pessino;Simona Sivori

  • NKp44, a Novel Triggering Surface Molecule Specifically Expressed by Activated Natural Killer Cells, Is Involved in Non–Major Histocompatibility Complex–restricted Tumor Cell Lysis

    Massimo Vitale;Cristina Bottino;Simona Sivori;Lorenza Sanseverino

  • Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition)

    Andrea Cossarizza;Hyun Dong Chang;Andreas Radbruch;Andreas Acs

  • Transforming growth factor β1 inhibits expression of NKp30 and NKG2D receptors: Consequences for the NK-mediated killing of dendritic cells

    Roberta Castriconi;Claudia Cantoni;Mariella Della Chiesa;Massimo Vitale

  • MSCs inhibit monocyte-derived DC maturation and function by selectively interfering with the generation of immature DCs: central role of MSC-derived prostaglandin E2

    Grazia Maria Spaggiari;Heba Abdelrazik;Heba Abdelrazik;Flavio Becchetti;Lorenzo Moretta;Lorenzo Moretta

  • P58 molecules as putative receptors for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules in human natural killer (NK) cells. Anti-p58 antibodies reconstitute lysis of MHC class I-protected cells in NK clones displaying different specificities.

    Alessandro Moretta;Massimo Vitale;Cristina Bottino;Anna Maria Orengo

  • COVID-19 vaccines: where we stand and challenges ahead.

    Guido Forni;Alberto Mantovani;Alberto Mantovani

  • Unravelling natural killer cell function: triggering and inhibitory human NK receptors.

    Lorenzo Moretta;Lorenzo Moretta;Alessandro Moretta

  • Immunoregulatory function of mesenchymal stem cells

    Antonio Uccelli;Lorenzo Moretta;Vito Pistoia

  • Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I-related Chain A and UL16-Binding Protein Expression on Tumor Cell Lines of Different Histotypes Analysis of Tumor Susceptibility to NKG2D-dependent Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity

    Daniela Pende;Paola Rivera;Stefania Marcenaro;Chien Chung Chang

  • Molecular cloning of NKp46: a novel member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in triggering of natural cytotoxicity.

    Anna Pessino;Simona Sivori;Cristina Bottino;Angela Malaspina

Frequent Co-Authors

Alessandro Moretta
Alessandro Moretta University of Genoa
Maria Cristina Mingari
Maria Cristina Mingari University of Genoa
Cristina Bottino
Cristina Bottino University of Genoa
Daniela Pende
Daniela Pende University of Genoa
Claudia Cantoni
Claudia Cantoni University of Genoa
Roberto Biassoni
Roberto Biassoni Istituto Giannina Gaslini
Michela Falco
Michela Falco Istituto Giannina Gaslini
Paola Vacca
Paola Vacca University of Genoa
Massimo Vitale
Massimo Vitale University of Genoa
Simona Sivori
Simona Sivori University of Genoa

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Related Online Degrees & Career Pathways

For those interested in Immunology, exploring related healthcare degrees can open diverse career opportunities. Many students transition into specialized nursing roles, and accelerated programs make this more accessible than ever.

For example, an accelerated nurse practitioner program offers advanced training in patient care and immunological health, allowing graduates to work directly with immune-related diseases and treatments. These programs provide a quick yet thorough path to a rewarding career.

Newcomers to healthcare can begin with an online adn programs for non nurses, which equips learners without a nursing background with foundational skills. This is a flexible way to enter the healthcare field and later specialize in immunology-related areas.

Similarly, accelerated bsn programs for non nurses help expedite the route to becoming a registered nurse, providing essential clinical knowledge applicable to immunological studies and patient care.

For those seeking entry-level credentials, several accredited lpn programs easy to get into offer practical training to begin working in healthcare settings quickly. This can serve as a stepping stone to advanced immunology-focused education and careers.

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