World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!

D-Index & Metrics

Immunology

D-Index
146
Citations
88887
World Ranking
134
National Ranking
90

Medicine

D-Index
146
Citations
88958
World Ranking
1330
National Ranking
770

Research.com Recognitions

  • 2002 - American Association of Immunologists Lifetime Achievement Award
  • 1990 - Member of the National Academy of Medicine (NAM)
  • 1951 - Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Overview

William E. Paul was a scientist affiliated with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases in the United States. Their career was marked by involvement in immunology and related biomedical research fields.

Throughout their professional life, William E. Paul received several recognitions. These included the American Association of Immunologists Lifetime Achievement Award in 2002, membership in the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) awarded in 1990, and being named a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 1951.

The data available does not include specific details about publications, co-authors, or distinct main and subfields of study. There are no listed recent papers, frequent publication venues, book publications, or defined main topics in their work.

The scientist's career was evidently dedicated to advancing the field of immunology, as suggested by their affiliation and the nature of awards received.

Best Publications

  • Interferon-gamma and B cell stimulatory factor-1 reciprocally regulate Ig isotype production

    Clifford M. Snapper;William E. Paul

  • Lymphocyte responses and cytokines

    William E. Paul;Robert A. Seder

  • Mast cell lines produce lymphokines in response to cross-linkage of Fc epsilon RI or to calcium ionophores.

    Marshall Plaut;Jacalyn H. Pierce;Cynthia J. Watson;Joan Hanley-Hyde

  • Mechanisms underlying lineage commitment and plasticity of helper CD4+ T cells.

    John J. O’Shea;William E. Paul

  • Impaired T H 17 cell differentiation in subjects with autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome

    Joshua D. Milner;Jason M. Brenchley;Jason M. Brenchley;Arian Laurence;Alexandra F. Freeman

  • Lack of IL-4-induced Th2 response and IgE class switching in mice with disrupted Stat6 gene.

    Kazuya Shimoda;Jan van Deursent;Mark Y. Sangster;Sally R. Sarawar

  • Identification of a T cell-derived b cell growth factor distinct from interleukin 2.

    Maureen Howard;John Farrar;Mary Hilfiker;Barbara Johnson

  • Global Mapping of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 Reveals Specificity and Plasticity in Lineage Fate Determination of Differentiating CD4+ T Cells

    Gang Wei;Lai Wei;Jinfang Zhu;Chongzhi Zang

  • Generation of interleukin 4 (IL-4)-producing cells in vivo and in vitro: IL-2 and IL-4 are required for in vitro generation of IL-4-producing cells.

    G Le Gros;S Z Ben-Sasson;R Seder;F D Finkelman

  • The presence of interleukin 4 during in vitro priming determines the lymphokine-producing potential of CD4+ T cells from T cell receptor transgenic mice.

    R A Seder;W E Paul;M M Davis;B Fazekas de St Groth

  • Defective lymphoid development in mice lacking expression of the common cytokine receptor gamma chain.

    Xiqing Cao;Elizabeth W. Shores;Jane Hu-Li;Miriam R. Anver

  • CD4pos, NK1.1pos T cells promptly produce interleukin 4 in response to in vivo challenge with anti-CD3.

    T Yoshimoto;W E Paul

  • How are T H 2-type immune responses initiated and amplified?

    William E. Paul;Jinfang Zhu

  • Interleukin 12 acts directly on CD4+ T cells to enhance priming for interferon gamma production and diminishes interleukin 4 inhibition of such priming

    Robert A. Seder;Ricardo Gazzinelli;Alan Sher;William E. Paul

  • T-bet is rapidly induced by interferon-γ in lymphoid and myeloid cells

    Andre A. Lighvani;David M. Frucht;Dragana Jankovic;Hidehiro Yamane

  • B cell stimulatory factor-1 enhances the IgE response of lipopolysaccharide-activated B cells.

    R L Coffman;J Ohara;M W Bond;J Carty

  • Production of a monoclonal antibody to and molecular characterization of B-cell stimulatory factor-1.

    Junichi Ohara;William E. Paul

  • Conditional deletion of Gata3 shows its essential function in T(H)1-T(H)2 responses.

    Jinfang Zhu;Booki Min;Jane Hu-Li;Cynthia J Watson

  • NKT cell–mediated repression of tumor immunosurveillance by IL-13 and the IL-4R–STAT6 pathway

    Masaki Terabe;So Matsui;Nancy Noben-Trauth;Hangjiong Chen

  • IL-4 is required to generate and sustain in vivo IgE responses.

    F D Finkelman;I M Katona;J F Urban;J Holmes

  • Transforming Growth Factor-β Production and Myeloid Cells Are an Effector Mechanism through Which CD1d-restricted T Cells Block Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte–mediated Tumor Immunosurveillance Abrogation Prevents Tumor Recurrence

    Masaki Terabe;So Matsui;Jong-Myun Park;Mizuko Mamura

Frequent Co-Authors

Jane Hu-Li
Jane Hu-Li National Institutes of Health
Jinfang Zhu
Jinfang Zhu National Institutes of Health
Clive P. Page
Clive P. Page King's College London
Ira Green
Ira Green National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Irwin Scher
Irwin Scher OperTechBio
James J. Mond
James J. Mond Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Ronald H. Schwartz
Ronald H. Schwartz National Institutes of Health
Fred D. Finkelman
Fred D. Finkelman University of Cincinnati
Donald E. Mosier
Donald E. Mosier Scripps Research Institute
Baruj Benacerraf
Baruj Benacerraf Harvard University

If you think any of the details on this page are incorrect, let us know.

Report an issue

We appreciate your kind effort to assist us to improve this page, it would be helpful providing us with as much detail as possible in the text box below:

Related Online Degrees & Career Pathways

For those interested in Immunology, several adjacent fields offer promising career opportunities through accessible online programs. Nursing, for example, complements immunological knowledge and provides direct patient care roles. Many students explore the easiest absn to get into programs to quickly transition into a nursing career with a strong clinical foundation.

Similarly, becoming a Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) is another practical pathway, with numerous online options available for flexible learning. Those looking for the best easiest lpn programs to get into can find programs that balance affordability, scheduling, and quality instruction.

Advanced practice roles such as Nurse Practitioner (NP) provide specialized clinical skills that often incorporate immunology principles. Aspiring NPs may consider the easiest nurse practitioner degree programs to efficiently achieve their goals with flexible online study options.

Mental health nursing is another critical area where immunology intersects with patient care. Prospective PMHNPs will benefit from exploring the best pmhnp programs, which emphasize clinical placement opportunities essential for real-world experience and career advancement.

Best Scientists Citing William E. Paul

Recently Published Articles