World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!
Lennart Hammarström

Lennart Hammarström

D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Immunology 100 730 672 11 11 421 34150
Medicine 100 8316 7816 169 163 425 34253

Lennart Hammarström publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Lennart Hammarström between 1976 and 2025, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Lennart Hammarström published across 50 years, from 1976 to 2025, averaging 9.9 papers a year. Output peaked at 30 publications in 2022. 21 of the 496 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
10 20 30
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1976 to 2025. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 30. Peak 30 publications in 2022. 1976: 3 publications 1977: 1 publication 1978: 5 publications 1979: 2 publications 1980: 3 publications 1981: 1 publication 1982: 2 publications 1983: 3 publications 1984: 2 publications 1985: 4 publications 1986: 3 publications 1987: 3 publications 1988: 6 publications 1989: 2 publications 1990: 2 publications 1991: 8 publications 1992: 4 publications 1993: 8 publications 1994: 5 publications 1995: 9 publications 1996: 3 publications 1997: 7 publications 1998: 3 publications 1999: 5 publications 2000: 11 publications 2001: 5 publications 2002: 10 publications 2003: 9 publications 2004: 8 publications 2005: 13 publications 2006: 15 publications 2007: 13 publications 2008: 21 publications 2009: 22 publications 2010: 8 publications 2011: 15 publications 2012: 14 publications 2013: 16 publications 2014: 26 publications 2015: 23 publications 2016: 17 publications 2017: 17 publications 2018: 17 publications 2019: 12 publications 2020: 16 publications 2021: 23 publications 2022: 30 publications 2023: 20 publications 2024: 13 publications 2025: 8 publications
1976 2025

496 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Lennart Hammarström: publications per year, 1976 to 2025
Year Publications
1976 3
1977 1
1978 5
1979 2
1980 3
1981 1
1982 2
1983 3
1984 2
1985 4
1986 3
1987 3
1988 6
1989 2
1990 2
1991 8
1992 4
1993 8
1994 5
1995 9
1996 3
1997 7
1998 3
1999 5
2000 11
2001 5
2002 10
2003 9
2004 8
2005 13
2006 15
2007 13
2008 21
2009 22
2010 8
2011 15
2012 14
2013 16
2014 26
2015 23
2016 17
2017 17
2018 17
2019 12
2020 16
2021 23
2022 30
2023 20
2024 13
2025 8
Total 496
Download as CSV

Lennart Hammarström publication distribution in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Immunology in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Lennart Hammarström sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150
Bar chart with 76 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 62–71 to 807+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 189. Most scientists, 189, have 152–161 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 807 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 412–421 publications, is where this scientist sits. 62–71 publications: 9 scientists 72–81 publications: 23 scientists 82–91 publications: 40 scientists 92–101 publications: 72 scientists 102–111 publications: 86 scientists 112–121 publications: 108 scientists 122–131 publications: 150 scientists 132–141 publications: 160 scientists 142–151 publications: 159 scientists 152–161 publications: 189 scientists 162–171 publications: 166 scientists 172–181 publications: 181 scientists 182–191 publications: 188 scientists 192–201 publications: 187 scientists 202–211 publications: 178 scientists 212–221 publications: 158 scientists 222–231 publications: 168 scientists 232–241 publications: 159 scientists 242–251 publications: 160 scientists 252–261 publications: 148 scientists 262–271 publications: 116 scientists 272–281 publications: 125 scientists 282–291 publications: 115 scientists 292–301 publications: 111 scientists 302–311 publications: 95 scientists 312–321 publications: 97 scientists 322–331 publications: 97 scientists 332–341 publications: 99 scientists 342–351 publications: 96 scientists 352–361 publications: 69 scientists 362–371 publications: 76 scientists 372–381 publications: 71 scientists 382–391 publications: 71 scientists 392–401 publications: 62 scientists 402–411 publications: 54 scientists 412–421 publications: 41 scientists 422–431 publications: 63 scientists 432–441 publications: 53 scientists 442–451 publications: 31 scientists 452–461 publications: 42 scientists 462–471 publications: 40 scientists 472–481 publications: 29 scientists 482–491 publications: 34 scientists 492–501 publications: 30 scientists 502–511 publications: 23 scientists 512–521 publications: 41 scientists 522–531 publications: 29 scientists 532–541 publications: 28 scientists 542–551 publications: 16 scientists 552–561 publications: 18 scientists 562–571 publications: 18 scientists 572–581 publications: 17 scientists 582–591 publications: 17 scientists 592–601 publications: 17 scientists 602–611 publications: 19 scientists 612–621 publications: 13 scientists 622–631 publications: 12 scientists 632–641 publications: 11 scientists 642–651 publications: 16 scientists 652–661 publications: 9 scientists 662–671 publications: 5 scientists 672–681 publications: 13 scientists 682–691 publications: 12 scientists 692–701 publications: 6 scientists 702–711 publications: 6 scientists 712–721 publications: 9 scientists 722–731 publications: 9 scientists 732–741 publications: 6 scientists 742–751 publications: 11 scientists 752–761 publications: 10 scientists 762–771 publications: 7 scientists 772–781 publications: 12 scientists 782–791 publications: 7 scientists 792–801 publications: 5 scientists 802–806 publications: 1 scientist 807+ publications: 100 scientists
62–71 publications 807+

This scientist: 421 publications — 83rd percentile

83% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 807 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Immunology scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 4,929 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
62–71 9
72–81 23
82–91 40
92–101 72
102–111 86
112–121 108
122–131 150
132–141 160
142–151 159
152–161 189
162–171 166
172–181 181
182–191 188
192–201 187
202–211 178
212–221 158
222–231 168
232–241 159
242–251 160
252–261 148
262–271 116
272–281 125
282–291 115
292–301 111
302–311 95
312–321 97
322–331 97
332–341 99
342–351 96
352–361 69
362–371 76
372–381 71
382–391 71
392–401 62
402–411 54
412–421 41 421
422–431 63
432–441 53
442–451 31
452–461 42
462–471 40
472–481 29
482–491 34
492–501 30
502–511 23
512–521 41
522–531 29
532–541 28
542–551 16
552–561 18
562–571 18
572–581 17
582–591 17
592–601 17
602–611 19
612–621 13
622–631 12
632–641 11
642–651 16
652–661 9
662–671 5
672–681 13
682–691 12
692–701 6
702–711 6
712–721 9
722–731 9
732–741 6
742–751 11
752–761 10
762–771 7
772–781 12
782–791 7
792–801 5
802–806 1
807+ 100
Download as CSV

Lennart Hammarström D-index placement in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Immunology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Lennart Hammarström sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150 200
Bar chart with 60 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 40–41 to 157+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 201. Most scientists, 201, have 58–59 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 100–101 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 40–41 D-Index: 28 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 91 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 157 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 192 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 175 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 188 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 177 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 155 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 194 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 201 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 197 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 201 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 173 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 167 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 172 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 199 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 184 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 133 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 163 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 127 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 121 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 125 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 121 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 102 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 96 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 75 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 72 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 74 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 66 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 68 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 49 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 60 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 54 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 36 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 23 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 52 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 41 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 34 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 25 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 28 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 11 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 20 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 27 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 19 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 20 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 16 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 17 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 14 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 15 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 9 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 11 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 9 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 9 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 7 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 7 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 7 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 5 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 8 scientists 156 D-Index: 6 scientists 157+ D-Index: 96 scientists
40–41 D-Index 157+

This scientist: 100 D-Index — 86th percentile

86% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Immunology scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 4,929 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
40–41 28
42–43 91
44–45 157
46–47 192
48–49 175
50–51 188
52–53 177
54–55 155
56–57 194
58–59 201
60–61 197
62–63 201
64–65 173
66–67 167
68–69 172
70–71 199
72–73 184
74–75 133
76–77 163
78–79 127
80–81 121
82–83 125
84–85 121
86–87 102
88–89 96
90–91 75
92–93 72
94–95 74
96–97 66
98–99 68
100–101 49 100
102–103 60
104–105 54
106–107 36
108–109 23
110–111 52
112–113 41
114–115 34
116–117 25
118–119 28
120–121 11
122–123 20
124–125 27
126–127 19
128–129 20
130–131 16
132–133 17
134–135 14
136–137 15
138–139 9
140–141 11
142–143 9
144–145 9
146–147 7
148–149 7
150–151 7
152–153 5
154–155 8
156 6
157+ 96
Download as CSV

Overview

Lennart Hammarström is affiliated with the Karolinska Institute in Sweden and has a substantial body of work primarily focused on medicine, immunology, and molecular biology. Their research spans critical areas such as immunodeficiency, autoimmune disorders, infectious diseases, and the genetic factors influencing immune responses.

The scientist's research has contributed notably to the understanding of COVID-19, particularly the immune mechanisms involved. Some recent papers by their group include:

  • Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs are present in ~4% of uninfected individuals over 70 years old and account for ~20% of COVID-19 deaths (2021, Science Immunology)
  • X-linked recessive TLR7 deficiency in ~1% of men under 60 years old with life-threatening COVID-19 (2021, Science Immunology)
  • Human genetic and immunological determinants of critical COVID-19 pneumonia (2022, Nature)
  • Persistence of SARS-CoV-2-specific B and T cell responses in convalescent COVID-19 patients 6-8 months after the infection (2021, Med)
  • The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies (2022, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

Frequent co-authors in their research include:

  • Qiang Pan-Hammarström
  • Hassan Abolhassani
  • Harold Marcotte
  • Likun Du
  • Fanglei Zuo

Hammarström's work is often published in notable venues such as:

  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
  • Journal of Clinical Immunology
  • Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
  • The Journal of Experimental Medicine
  • Frontiers in Immunology

Their research covers several interconnected scientific disciplines. The main fields of study include:

  • Medicine
  • Immunology and Microbiology
  • Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Within these broader areas, subfields of focus include:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology
  • Molecular Biology

The topics of research reflect an emphasis on immune system function and disease:

  • Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
  • SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
  • Blood disorders and treatments
  • COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
  • Immune Cell Function and Interaction
  • T-cell and B-cell Immunology
  • Respiratory viral infections research

Best Publications

  • The gene involved in X-linked agammaglobulinaemia is a member of the src family of protein-tyrosine kinases

    Vetrie D;Vorechovský I;Sideras P;Sideras P;Holland J

  • Helicobacter pylori SabA adhesin in persistent infection and chronic inflammation.

    Jafar Mahdavi;Berit Sondén;Martina Hurtig;Farzad O. Olfat;Farzad O. Olfat

  • Common variable immunodeficiency disorders: division into distinct clinical phenotypes

    Helen Chapel;Mary Lucas;Martin Lee;Janne Bjorkander

  • International consensus document (icon): common variable immunodeficiency disorders

    Francisco A. Bonilla;Isil Barlan;Helen Chapel;Beatriz Tavares Costa-Carvalho

  • Mutations in TNFRSF13B encoding TACI are associated with common variable immunodeficiency in humans

    U Salzer;H M Chapel;A D B Webster;Q Pan-Hammarström

  • Clinical spectrum of X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome

    Jacov Levy;Teresa Espanol-Boren;Carolin Thomas;Alain Fischer

  • Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases: An Update on the Classification from the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee for Primary Immunodeficiency

    Waleed Al-Herz;Aziz Bousfiha;Jean-Laurent Casanova;Jean-Laurent Casanova;Helen Chapel

  • Primary immunodeficiency diseases: An update from the International Union of Immunological Societies Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Classification Committee

    Raif S. Geha;Luigi D. Notarangelo;Jean Laurent Casanova;Helen Chapel

  • Deleterious Mutations in LRBA Are Associated with a Syndrome of Immune Deficiency and Autoimmunity

    Gabriela Lopez-Herrera;Giacomo Tampella;Qiang Pan-Hammarström;Peer Herholz

  • Selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD) and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)

    L Hammarström;I Vorechovsky;D Webster

  • Oral lactobacilli in chronic periodontitis and periodontal health: species composition and antimicrobial activity.

    P. Koll-Klais;R. Mandar;E. Leibur;H. Marcotte

  • B-cell activating factor receptor deficiency is associated with an adult-onset antibody deficiency syndrome in humans

    Klaus Warnatz;Ulrich Salzer;Marta Rizzi;Beate Fischer

  • Assessment of the cPAS-based BGISEQ-500 platform for metagenomic sequencing

    Chao Fang;Huanzi Zhong;Yuxiang Lin;Bing Chen

  • Interleukin 4 induces synthesis of IgE and IgG4 in human B cells.

    Mats Lundgren;Ulla Persson;Ulla Persson;Per Larsson;Carl Magnusson

  • Mutations in STAT3 and diagnostic guidelines for hyper-IgE syndrome

    Cristina Woellner;E. Michael Gertz;Alejandro A. Schäffer;Macarena Lagos

  • Cancer risk among patients with IgA deficiency or common variable immunodeficiency and their relatives: a combined Danish and Swedish study.

    Lene Mellemkjær;L. Hammarström;V. Andersen;J. Yuen

  • Human TYK2 deficiency: Mycobacterial and viral infections without hyper-IgE syndrome

    Alexandra Y. Kreins;Alexandra Y. Kreins;Michael J. Ciancanelli;Satoshi Okada;Xiao Fei Kong

  • Expression of Bruton's agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase gene, BTK, is selectively down-regulated in T lymphocytes and plasma cells.

    C I Smith;B Baskin;P Humire-Greiff;J N Zhou

  • Subcutaneous immunoglobulin replacement in patients with primary antibody deficiencies: safety and costs

    A.Gardulf Rn;L Hammarström;R Gustafson;T Nyström

  • Reexamining the role of TACI coding variants in common variable immunodeficiency and selective IgA deficiency.

    Qiang Pan-Hammarström;Ulrich Salzer;Likun Du;Jan Fredrik Björkander

Frequent Co-Authors

C. I. Edvard Smith
C. I. Edvard Smith Karolinska University Hospital
Qiang Pan-Hammarström
Qiang Pan-Hammarström Karolinska Institute
Asghar Aghamohammadi
Asghar Aghamohammadi Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Nima Rezaei
Nima Rezaei Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Bodo Grimbacher
Bodo Grimbacher University of Freiburg
Alessandro Plebani
Alessandro Plebani University of Brescia
Ning Li
Ning Li China Agricultural University
Helen Chapel
Helen Chapel University of Oxford
Ulrich Salzer
Ulrich Salzer University of Freiburg
Luigi D. Notarangelo
Luigi D. Notarangelo National Institutes of Health

If you think any of the details on this page are incorrect, let us know.

Report an issue

We appreciate your kind effort to assist us to improve this page, it would be helpful providing us with as much detail as possible in the text box below:

Related Online Degrees & Career Pathways

Studying Immunology opens diverse career opportunities, especially in healthcare and research fields. For those interested in transitioning into healthcare roles, exploring programs such as the easiest absn programs to get into can provide a fast track to becoming a registered nurse while building a strong foundation in patient care and immunologic health.

If you prefer starting with practical nursing roles, identifying which lpn programs are easiest to get into is a useful step. Licensed Practical Nurses play a key role in healthcare teams, offering hands-on care and gaining valuable clinical experience.

For advanced practice careers, online opportunities abound. Programs like the easiest online nurse practitioner programs help aspiring nurse practitioners enhance their expertise in patient care with flexibility for working professionals.

Specializations such as Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner roles are growing. Choosing top online programs with strong support, like those featured in online pmhnp programs with clinical placement, ensures quality training paired with valuable hands-on clinical experience.

Best Scientists Citing Lennart Hammarström

Trending Scientists

Recently Published Articles