World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!

D-Index & Metrics

Immunology

D-Index
80
Citations
19060
World Ranking
1651
National Ranking
68

Medicine

D-Index
80
Citations
19120
World Ranking
17293
National Ranking
653

Sandra Amor publication distribution in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Immunology in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Sandra Amor sits on this spectrum.

62–71 publications: 9 scientists 72–81 publications: 23 scientists 82–91 publications: 40 scientists 92–101 publications: 72 scientists 102–111 publications: 86 scientists 112–121 publications: 108 scientists 122–131 publications: 150 scientists 132–141 publications: 160 scientists 142–151 publications: 159 scientists 152–161 publications: 189 scientists 162–171 publications: 166 scientists 172–181 publications: 181 scientists 182–191 publications: 188 scientists 192–201 publications: 187 scientists 202–211 publications: 178 scientists 212–221 publications: 158 scientists 222–231 publications: 168 scientists 232–241 publications: 159 scientists 242–251 publications: 160 scientists 252–261 publications: 148 scientists 262–271 publications: 116 scientists 272–281 publications: 125 scientists 282–291 publications: 115 scientists 292–301 publications: 111 scientists 302–311 publications: 95 scientists 312–321 publications: 97 scientists 322–331 publications: 97 scientists 332–341 publications: 99 scientists 342–351 publications: 96 scientists 352–361 publications: 69 scientists 362–371 publications: 76 scientists 372–381 publications: 71 scientists 382–391 publications: 71 scientists 392–401 publications: 62 scientists 402–411 publications: 54 scientists 412–421 publications: 41 scientists 422–431 publications: 63 scientists 432–441 publications: 53 scientists 442–451 publications: 31 scientists 452–461 publications: 42 scientists 462–471 publications: 40 scientists 472–481 publications: 29 scientists 482–491 publications: 34 scientists 492–501 publications: 30 scientists 502–511 publications: 23 scientists 512–521 publications: 41 scientists 522–531 publications: 29 scientists 532–541 publications: 28 scientists 542–551 publications: 16 scientists 552–561 publications: 18 scientists 562–571 publications: 18 scientists 572–581 publications: 17 scientists 582–591 publications: 17 scientists 592–601 publications: 17 scientists 602–611 publications: 19 scientists 612–621 publications: 13 scientists 622–631 publications: 12 scientists 632–641 publications: 11 scientists 642–651 publications: 16 scientists 652–661 publications: 9 scientists 662–671 publications: 5 scientists 672–681 publications: 13 scientists 682–691 publications: 12 scientists 692–701 publications: 6 scientists 702–711 publications: 6 scientists 712–721 publications: 9 scientists 722–731 publications: 9 scientists 732–741 publications: 6 scientists 742–751 publications: 11 scientists 752–761 publications: 10 scientists 762–771 publications: 7 scientists 772–781 publications: 12 scientists 782–791 publications: 7 scientists 792–801 publications: 5 scientists 802–806 publications: 1 scientists 807+ publications: 100 scientists
62 publications 807+

This scientist: 229 publications — 44th percentile

44% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 807 publications or more.

Sandra Amor D-index placement in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Immunology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Sandra Amor sits on this spectrum.

40–41 D-Index: 28 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 91 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 157 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 192 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 175 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 188 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 177 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 155 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 194 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 201 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 197 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 201 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 173 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 167 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 172 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 199 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 184 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 133 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 163 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 127 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 121 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 125 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 121 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 102 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 96 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 75 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 72 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 74 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 66 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 68 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 49 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 60 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 54 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 36 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 23 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 52 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 41 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 34 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 25 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 28 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 11 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 20 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 27 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 19 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 20 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 16 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 17 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 14 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 15 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 9 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 11 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 9 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 9 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 7 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 7 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 7 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 5 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 8 scientists 156 D-Index: 6 scientists 157+ D-Index: 96 scientists
40 D-Index 157+

This scientist: 80 D-Index — 68th percentile

68% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more.

Overview

Sandra Amor is affiliated with the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands. Their research spans multiple fields with a focus on medicine, neuroscience, and biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology. The primary subfields of their work include neurology, immunology, molecular biology, pathology and forensic medicine, and developmental neuroscience.

The main research topics explored by Sandra Amor cover various aspects of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration mechanisms, multiple sclerosis research studies, immune cells in cancer, immune response and inflammation, neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, as well as SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 research.

Recent notable publications by Sandra Amor include the following:

  • Cell-type-specific cis-eQTLs in eight human brain cell types identify novel risk genes for psychiatric and neurological disorders, 2022, Nature Neuroscience
  • COVID-19 vaccine-readiness for anti-CD20-depleting therapy in autoimmune diseases, 2020, Clinical & Experimental Immunology
  • Cellular sources of TSPO expression in healthy and diseased brain, 2021, European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
  • Astrocyte and Oligodendrocyte Cross-Talk in the Central Nervous System, 2020, Cells
  • Translocator protein is a marker of activated microglia in rodent models but not human neurodegenerative diseases, 2023, Nature Communications

Sandra Amor frequently collaborates with several co-authors, including Erik Nutma, Manuel Marzin, David Baker, Paul van der Valk, and Markus Kipp.

Their research has been published predominantly in Clinical & Experimental Immunology, with additional frequent contributions to bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Glia, Acta Neuropathologica Communications, and Cells.

Best Publications

  • Inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases

    Sandra Amor;Sandra Amor;Fabiola Puentes;David Baker;Paul van der Valk

  • Inflammation in CNS neurodegenerative diseases.

    Jodie Stephenson;Jodie Stephenson;Erik Nutma;Paul van der Valk;Sandra Amor;Sandra Amor

  • Macrophages in inflammatory multiple sclerosis lesions have an intermediate activation status

    Daphne Y S Vogel;Elly J F Vereyken;Judith E Glim;Priscilla D A M Heijnen

  • Inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases – an update

    Sandra Amor;Sandra Amor;Laura A. N. Peferoen;Daphne Y. S. Vogel;Marjolein Breur

  • Human macrophage polarization in vitro: Maturation and activation methods compared

    Daphne Y.S. Vogel;Judith E. Glim;Andrea W.D. Stavenuiter;Marjolein Breur

  • Identification of a microglia phenotype supportive of remyelination

    Marta Olah;Sandra Amor;Sandra Amor;Nieske Brouwer;Jonathan Vinet

  • Myelin-laden macrophages are anti-inflammatory, consistent with foam cells in multiple sclerosis.

    Leonie A Boven;Marjan Van Meurs;Marloes Van Zwam;Annet Wierenga-Wolf

  • Oligodendrocyte-microglia cross-talk in the central nervous system

    Laura Peferoen;Markus Kipp;Paul van der Valk;Johannes M. van Noort

  • Cell-type-specific cis-eQTLs in eight human brain cell types identify novel risk genes for psychiatric and neurological disorders

    Unknown

  • Two years later: journals are not yet enforcing the ARRIVE guidelines on reporting standards for pre-clinical animal studies.

    David Baker;Katie Lidster;Ana Sottomayor;Sandra Amor

  • Protein microarrays guide tolerizing DNA vaccine treatment of autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

    William H. Robinson;Paulo Fontoura;Byung J. Lee;Henry E Neuman De Vegvar;Henry E Neuman De Vegvar

  • Microglial nodules in early multiple sclerosis white matter are associated with degenerating axons

    Shailender Singh;Shailender Singh;Imke Metz;Sandra Amor;Sandra Amor;Paul van der Valk

  • Multiple sclerosis animal models: a clinical and histopathological perspective

    Markus Kipp;Stella Nyamoya;Tanja Hochstrasser;Sandra Amor

  • Clusters of activated microglia in normal-appearing white matter show signs of innate immune activation

    Jack van Horssen;Shailender Singh;Shailender Singh;Susanne van der Pol;Markus Kipp;Markus Kipp

  • Extracellular vesicles as modulators of cell-to-cell communication in the healthy and diseased brain

    Unknown

  • Preactive lesions in multiple sclerosis

    Paul van der Valk;Sandra Amor

  • Increased White Matter Inflammation in Aging- and Alzheimer's Disease Brain

    Divya Raj;Zhuoran Yin;Marjolein Breur;Janine Doorduin

  • Pro-inflammatory activation of primary microglia and macrophages increases 18 kDa translocator protein expression in rodents but not humans:

    David R Owen;Nehal Narayan;Lisa Wells;Luke Healy

  • Macrophages migrate in an activation-dependent manner to chemokines involved in neuroinflammation

    Daphne Y S Vogel;Priscilla D A M Heijnen;Marjolein Breur;Helga E de Vries

  • Activation status of human microglia is dependent on lesion formation stage and remyelination in multiple sclerosis.

    Laura A.N. Peferoen;Daphne Y.S. Vogel;Kimberley Ummenthum;Marjolein Breur

  • COVID-19 vaccine-readiness for anti-CD20-depleting therapy in autoimmune diseases.

    D Baker;C A K Roberts;G Pryce;A S Kang

  • Epstein Barr virus is not a characteristic feature in the central nervous system in established multiple sclerosis

    L.A.N. Peferoen;F. Lamers;L.N.R. Lodder;W.H. Gerritsen

Frequent Co-Authors

David Baker
David Baker University of Washington
Paul van der Valk
Paul van der Valk Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Markus Kipp
Markus Kipp University of Rostock
Gavin Giovannoni
Gavin Giovannoni Queen Mary University of London
Christine D. Dijkstra
Christine D. Dijkstra VU University Medical Center
Helga E. de Vries
Helga E. de Vries University of Amsterdam
Gareth Pryce
Gareth Pryce Queen Mary University of London
Jack van Horssen
Jack van Horssen Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Cordian Beyer
Cordian Beyer RWTH Aachen University
Bert A. 't Hart
Bert A. 't Hart University of Amsterdam

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