World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!

D-Index & Metrics

Psychology

D-Index
50
Citations
40568
World Ranking
5306
National Ranking
2899

William L. Gardner publication distribution in Psychology in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Psychology in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where William L. Gardner sits on this spectrum.

31–40 publications: 6 scientists 41–50 publications: 52 scientists 51–60 publications: 138 scientists 61–70 publications: 299 scientists 71–80 publications: 461 scientists 81–90 publications: 605 scientists 91–100 publications: 713 scientists 101–110 publications: 736 scientists 111–120 publications: 686 scientists 121–130 publications: 670 scientists 131–140 publications: 644 scientists 141–150 publications: 597 scientists 151–160 publications: 576 scientists 161–170 publications: 477 scientists 171–180 publications: 450 scientists 181–190 publications: 397 scientists 191–200 publications: 343 scientists 201–210 publications: 328 scientists 211–220 publications: 313 scientists 221–230 publications: 283 scientists 231–240 publications: 226 scientists 241–250 publications: 196 scientists 251–260 publications: 201 scientists 261–270 publications: 171 scientists 271–280 publications: 151 scientists 281–290 publications: 139 scientists 291–300 publications: 113 scientists 301–310 publications: 102 scientists 311–320 publications: 100 scientists 321–330 publications: 76 scientists 331–340 publications: 92 scientists 341–350 publications: 85 scientists 351–360 publications: 69 scientists 361–370 publications: 71 scientists 371–380 publications: 63 scientists 381–390 publications: 58 scientists 391–400 publications: 57 scientists 401–410 publications: 43 scientists 411–420 publications: 33 scientists 421–430 publications: 50 scientists 431–440 publications: 41 scientists 441–450 publications: 32 scientists 451–460 publications: 27 scientists 461–470 publications: 28 scientists 471–480 publications: 25 scientists 481–490 publications: 28 scientists 491–500 publications: 20 scientists 501–510 publications: 23 scientists 511–520 publications: 26 scientists 521–530 publications: 17 scientists 531–540 publications: 21 scientists 541–550 publications: 14 scientists 551–560 publications: 16 scientists 561–570 publications: 10 scientists 571–580 publications: 22 scientists 581–590 publications: 9 scientists 591–600 publications: 14 scientists 601–610 publications: 9 scientists 611–620 publications: 11 scientists 621–630 publications: 4 scientists 631–640 publications: 7 scientists 641–650 publications: 5 scientists 651–660 publications: 10 scientists 661–670 publications: 8 scientists 671–680 publications: 8 scientists 681–690 publications: 4 scientists 691–700 publications: 3 scientists 701–704 publications: 4 scientists 705+ publications: 100 scientists
31 publications 705+

This scientist: 113 publications — 28th percentile

28% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 705 publications or more.

William L. Gardner D-index placement in Psychology in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Psychology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where William L. Gardner sits on this spectrum.

30–31 D-Index: 398 scientists 32–33 D-Index: 702 scientists 34–35 D-Index: 671 scientists 36–37 D-Index: 659 scientists 38–39 D-Index: 641 scientists 40–41 D-Index: 671 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 617 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 558 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 495 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 487 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 445 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 390 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 408 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 345 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 325 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 321 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 248 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 290 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 218 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 219 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 215 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 183 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 169 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 132 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 137 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 120 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 112 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 86 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 101 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 83 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 77 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 70 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 78 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 58 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 53 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 57 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 48 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 53 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 46 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 24 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 35 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 27 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 32 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 31 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 22 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 16 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 24 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 18 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 11 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 19 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 10 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 16 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 10 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 12 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 8 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 5 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 12 scientists 144+ D-Index: 98 scientists
30 D-Index 144+

This scientist: 50 D-Index — 54th percentile

54% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 144 D-Index or more.

Overview

William L. Gardner is affiliated with Texas Tech University in the United States and has contributed extensively to research in Business, Management and Accounting, as well as Psychology. Their work primarily focuses on Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, with additional studies in Social Psychology, Strategy and Management, Clinical Psychology, and Cognitive Neuroscience.

The topics William L. Gardner investigates include:

  • Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
  • Organizational Leadership and Management Strategies
  • Management and Organizational Studies
  • Emotional Intelligence and Performance
  • Personality Traits and Psychology
  • Cultural Differences and Values
  • Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies

William L. Gardner has coauthored numerous papers with frequent collaborators, including Claudia C. Cogliser, Elizabeth P. Karam, Farzaneh Noghani, Daniel P. Gullifor, and Jeremy D. Meuser.

Among the primary venues where Gardner's research appears are:

  • Academy of Management Proceedings
  • The Leadership Quarterly
  • Journal of Organizational Behavior
  • Leadership
  • Journal of Management & Organization

Notable recent papers authored by William L. Gardner include:

  • Authentic leadership theory: The case for and against, 2021, The Leadership Quarterly
  • The leadership trilogy: A review of the third decade of The Leadership Quarterly, 2020, The Leadership Quarterly
  • Leadership Emergence: Answering the "How" and "Why" Questions by Considering Levels of Analysis and Form of Emergence, 2023, Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior

The body of work reflects a sustained engagement with leadership theory and organizational behavior over several years, addressing topics like authentic leadership, leadership development, and organizational psychology.

Best Publications

  • Authentic leadership development: Getting to the root of positive forms of leadership

    Bruce J. Avolio;William L. Gardner

  • Authentic Leadership: Development and Validation of a Theory-Based Measure†:

    Fred O. Walumbwa;Bruce J. Avolio;William L. Gardner;Tara S. Wernsing

  • Unlocking the mask: a look at the process by which authentic leaders impact follower attitudes and behaviors

    Bruce J. Avolio;William L. Gardner;Fred O. Walumbwa;Fred Luthans

  • “Can you see the real me?” A self-based model of authentic leader and follower development

    William L. Gardner;Bruce J. Avolio;Fred Luthans;Douglas R. May

  • Leadership theory and research in the new millennium: Current theoretical trends and changing perspectives

    Jessica E. Dinh;Robert G. Lord;William L. Gardner;Jeremy D. Meuser

  • Authentic leadership: A review of the literature and research agenda

    William L. Gardner;Claudia C. Cogliser;Kelly M. Davis;Matthew P. Dickens

  • The Charismatic Relationship: A Dramaturgical Perspective

    William L. Gardner;Bruce J. Avolio

  • Perceptions of leader charisma and effectiveness: The effects of vision content, delivery, and organizational performance

    Raed Awamleh;William L. Gardner

  • Impression Management in Organizations

    William L. Gardner;Mark J. Martinko

  • A meta-analytic review of authentic and transformational leadership: A test for redundancy

    George C. Banks;Kelly Davis McCauley;William L. Gardner;Courtney E. Guler

  • Authentic Leadership, Authentic Followership, Basic Need Satisfaction, and Work Role Performance: A Cross-Level Study

    Hannes Leroy;Frederik Anseel;William L. Gardner;Luc Sels

  • Emotional labor and leadership: A threat to authenticity?

    William L. Gardner;Dawn Fischer;James G. (Jerry) Hunt

  • Using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator to Study Managers: A Literature Review and Research Agenda:

    William L. Gardner;Mark J. Martinko

  • Learned Helplessness: An Alternative Explanation for Performance Deficits

    Mark J. Martinko;William L. Gardner

  • Ten years of The leadership quarterly

    Kevin B. Lowe;William L. Gardner

  • Scholarly leadership of the study of leadership: A review of The Leadership Quarterly's second decade, 2000-2009.

    William L. Gardner;Kevin B. Lowe;Todd W. Moss;Kevin T. Mahoney

  • Perceptions of politics and organizational cynicism: An attributional and leader–member exchange perspective

    Walter D Davis;William L Gardner

  • Toward a political theory of leadership

    Anthony P Ammeter;Ceasar Douglas;William L Gardner;Wayne A Hochwarter

  • Authentic leadership theory and practice : origins, effects and development

    William L Gardner;Bruce J. Avolio;Fred O. Walumbwa

  • Balance in leader and follower perceptions of leader-member exchange: Relationships with performance and work attitudes

    Claudia C. Cogliser;Chester A. Schriesheim;Terri A. Scandura;William L. Gardner

Frequent Co-Authors

Mark J. Martinko
Mark J. Martinko Florida State University
Bruce J. Avolio
Bruce J. Avolio University of Washington
Fred O. Walumbwa
Fred O. Walumbwa Florida International University
Robert G. Lord
Robert G. Lord Durham University
Wayne A. Hochwarter
Wayne A. Hochwarter Florida State University
Robert C. Liden
Robert C. Liden University of Illinois at Chicago
John Antonakis
John Antonakis University of Lausanne
Fred Luthans
Fred Luthans University of Nebraska–Lincoln
Gerald R. Ferris
Gerald R. Ferris Florida State University
Douglas R. May
Douglas R. May University of Kansas

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