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D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Environmental Sciences 81 912 867 397 365 333 34815

G. C. Toon publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by G. C. Toon between 1986 and 2025, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. G. C. Toon published across 40 years, from 1986 to 2025, averaging 9.2 papers a year. Output peaked at 32 publications in 2002. 8 of the 366 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
10 20 30
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1986 to 2025. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 32. Peak 32 publications in 2002. 1986: 1 publication 1987: 2 publications 1988: 3 publications 1989: 8 publications 1990: 4 publications 1991: 2 publications 1992: 3 publications 1993: 4 publications 1994: 5 publications 1995: 1 publication 1996: 13 publications 1997: 6 publications 1998: 8 publications 1999: 10 publications 2000: 13 publications 2001: 10 publications 2002: 32 publications 2003: 9 publications 2004: 5 publications 2005: 8 publications 2006: 16 publications 2007: 10 publications 2008: 7 publications 2009: 11 publications 2010: 10 publications 2011: 22 publications 2012: 9 publications 2013: 11 publications 2014: 13 publications 2015: 9 publications 2016: 20 publications 2017: 9 publications 2018: 8 publications 2019: 10 publications 2020: 8 publications 2021: 10 publications 2022: 10 publications 2023: 18 publications 2024: 5 publications 2025: 3 publications
1986 2025

366 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
G. C. Toon: publications per year, 1986 to 2025
Year Publications
1986 1
1987 2
1988 3
1989 8
1990 4
1991 2
1992 3
1993 4
1994 5
1995 1
1996 13
1997 6
1998 8
1999 10
2000 13
2001 10
2002 32
2003 9
2004 5
2005 8
2006 16
2007 10
2008 7
2009 11
2010 10
2011 22
2012 9
2013 11
2014 13
2015 9
2016 20
2017 9
2018 8
2019 10
2020 8
2021 10
2022 10
2023 18
2024 5
2025 3
Total 366
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G. C. Toon publication distribution in Environmental Sciences in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Environmental Sciences in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where G. C. Toon sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
200 400 600
Bar chart with 66 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 41–50 to 690+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 617. Most scientists, 617, have 121–130 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 690 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 331–340 publications, is where this scientist sits. 41–50 publications: 21 scientists 51–60 publications: 62 scientists 61–70 publications: 133 scientists 71–80 publications: 257 scientists 81–90 publications: 361 scientists 91–100 publications: 440 scientists 101–110 publications: 492 scientists 111–120 publications: 541 scientists 121–130 publications: 617 scientists 131–140 publications: 544 scientists 141–150 publications: 541 scientists 151–160 publications: 539 scientists 161–170 publications: 444 scientists 171–180 publications: 444 scientists 181–190 publications: 400 scientists 191–200 publications: 377 scientists 201–210 publications: 318 scientists 211–220 publications: 282 scientists 221–230 publications: 263 scientists 231–240 publications: 220 scientists 241–250 publications: 217 scientists 251–260 publications: 180 scientists 261–270 publications: 181 scientists 271–280 publications: 155 scientists 281–290 publications: 130 scientists 291–300 publications: 127 scientists 301–310 publications: 130 scientists 311–320 publications: 85 scientists 321–330 publications: 106 scientists 331–340 publications: 80 scientists 341–350 publications: 83 scientists 351–360 publications: 75 scientists 361–370 publications: 69 scientists 371–380 publications: 52 scientists 381–390 publications: 54 scientists 391–400 publications: 56 scientists 401–410 publications: 44 scientists 411–420 publications: 40 scientists 421–430 publications: 36 scientists 431–440 publications: 25 scientists 441–450 publications: 25 scientists 451–460 publications: 32 scientists 461–470 publications: 29 scientists 471–480 publications: 21 scientists 481–490 publications: 26 scientists 491–500 publications: 26 scientists 501–510 publications: 17 scientists 511–520 publications: 19 scientists 521–530 publications: 15 scientists 531–540 publications: 22 scientists 541–550 publications: 12 scientists 551–560 publications: 15 scientists 561–570 publications: 11 scientists 571–580 publications: 19 scientists 581–590 publications: 9 scientists 591–600 publications: 9 scientists 601–610 publications: 7 scientists 611–620 publications: 11 scientists 621–630 publications: 5 scientists 631–640 publications: 5 scientists 641–650 publications: 6 scientists 651–660 publications: 3 scientists 661–670 publications: 3 scientists 671–680 publications: 4 scientists 681–689 publications: 4 scientists 690+ publications: 100 scientists
41–50 publications 690+

This scientist: 333 publications — 89th percentile

89% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 690 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Environmental Sciences scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 9,676 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
41–50 21
51–60 62
61–70 133
71–80 257
81–90 361
91–100 440
101–110 492
111–120 541
121–130 617
131–140 544
141–150 541
151–160 539
161–170 444
171–180 444
181–190 400
191–200 377
201–210 318
211–220 282
221–230 263
231–240 220
241–250 217
251–260 180
261–270 181
271–280 155
281–290 130
291–300 127
301–310 130
311–320 85
321–330 106
331–340 80 333
341–350 83
351–360 75
361–370 69
371–380 52
381–390 54
391–400 56
401–410 44
411–420 40
421–430 36
431–440 25
441–450 25
451–460 32
461–470 29
471–480 21
481–490 26
491–500 26
501–510 17
511–520 19
521–530 15
531–540 22
541–550 12
551–560 15
561–570 11
571–580 19
581–590 9
591–600 9
601–610 7
611–620 11
621–630 5
631–640 5
641–650 6
651–660 3
661–670 3
671–680 4
681–689 4
690+ 100
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G. C. Toon D-index placement in Environmental Sciences in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Environmental Sciences scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where G. C. Toon sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
100 200 300
Bar chart with 97 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 30 to 126+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 348. Most scientists, 348, have 45 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 126 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 81 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 30 D-Index: 12 scientists 31 D-Index: 26 scientists 32 D-Index: 51 scientists 33 D-Index: 88 scientists 34 D-Index: 123 scientists 35 D-Index: 163 scientists 36 D-Index: 206 scientists 37 D-Index: 267 scientists 38 D-Index: 265 scientists 39 D-Index: 275 scientists 40 D-Index: 321 scientists 41 D-Index: 343 scientists 42 D-Index: 305 scientists 43 D-Index: 336 scientists 44 D-Index: 330 scientists 45 D-Index: 348 scientists 46 D-Index: 291 scientists 47 D-Index: 275 scientists 48 D-Index: 272 scientists 49 D-Index: 273 scientists 50 D-Index: 263 scientists 51 D-Index: 232 scientists 52 D-Index: 266 scientists 53 D-Index: 217 scientists 54 D-Index: 198 scientists 55 D-Index: 177 scientists 56 D-Index: 202 scientists 57 D-Index: 204 scientists 58 D-Index: 166 scientists 59 D-Index: 177 scientists 60 D-Index: 166 scientists 61 D-Index: 152 scientists 62 D-Index: 143 scientists 63 D-Index: 150 scientists 64 D-Index: 124 scientists 65 D-Index: 119 scientists 66 D-Index: 120 scientists 67 D-Index: 118 scientists 68 D-Index: 82 scientists 69 D-Index: 98 scientists 70 D-Index: 94 scientists 71 D-Index: 105 scientists 72 D-Index: 74 scientists 73 D-Index: 84 scientists 74 D-Index: 70 scientists 75 D-Index: 67 scientists 76 D-Index: 78 scientists 77 D-Index: 60 scientists 78 D-Index: 59 scientists 79 D-Index: 52 scientists 80 D-Index: 47 scientists 81 D-Index: 38 scientists 82 D-Index: 48 scientists 83 D-Index: 42 scientists 84 D-Index: 42 scientists 85 D-Index: 43 scientists 86 D-Index: 29 scientists 87 D-Index: 37 scientists 88 D-Index: 29 scientists 89 D-Index: 30 scientists 90 D-Index: 34 scientists 91 D-Index: 20 scientists 92 D-Index: 22 scientists 93 D-Index: 17 scientists 94 D-Index: 19 scientists 95 D-Index: 24 scientists 96 D-Index: 21 scientists 97 D-Index: 20 scientists 98 D-Index: 24 scientists 99 D-Index: 17 scientists 100 D-Index: 17 scientists 101 D-Index: 21 scientists 102 D-Index: 25 scientists 103 D-Index: 18 scientists 104 D-Index: 26 scientists 105 D-Index: 20 scientists 106 D-Index: 15 scientists 107 D-Index: 10 scientists 108 D-Index: 13 scientists 109 D-Index: 15 scientists 110 D-Index: 12 scientists 111 D-Index: 8 scientists 112 D-Index: 7 scientists 113 D-Index: 9 scientists 114 D-Index: 6 scientists 115 D-Index: 12 scientists 116 D-Index: 7 scientists 117 D-Index: 8 scientists 118 D-Index: 3 scientists 119 D-Index: 5 scientists 120 D-Index: 7 scientists 121 D-Index: 2 scientists 122 D-Index: 4 scientists 123 D-Index: 8 scientists 124 D-Index: 7 scientists 125 D-Index: 9 scientists 126+ D-Index: 92 scientists
30 D-Index 126+

This scientist: 81 D-Index — 91st percentile

91% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 126 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Environmental Sciences scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 9,676 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
30 12
31 26
32 51
33 88
34 123
35 163
36 206
37 267
38 265
39 275
40 321
41 343
42 305
43 336
44 330
45 348
46 291
47 275
48 272
49 273
50 263
51 232
52 266
53 217
54 198
55 177
56 202
57 204
58 166
59 177
60 166
61 152
62 143
63 150
64 124
65 119
66 120
67 118
68 82
69 98
70 94
71 105
72 74
73 84
74 70
75 67
76 78
77 60
78 59
79 52
80 47
81 38 81
82 48
83 42
84 42
85 43
86 29
87 37
88 29
89 30
90 34
91 20
92 22
93 17
94 19
95 24
96 21
97 20
98 24
99 17
100 17
101 21
102 25
103 18
104 26
105 20
106 15
107 10
108 13
109 15
110 12
111 8
112 7
113 9
114 6
115 12
116 7
117 8
118 3
119 5
120 7
121 2
122 4
123 8
124 7
125 9
126+ 92
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Overview

G. C. Toon is affiliated with the California Institute of Technology in the United States. Their research spans several interconnected fields primarily related to Earth and planetary sciences, environmental science, and chemistry. Within these broad areas, their work focuses heavily on atmospheric science, global and planetary change, and spectroscopy.

The main topics of G. C. Toon's research include:

  • Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
  • Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
  • Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
  • Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
  • Astro and Planetary Science
  • Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
  • Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis

Their publication record includes a number of papers appearing in leading scientific journals and conference proceedings. Frequent venues for their work include:

  • Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer
  • Atmospheric measurement techniques
  • Proceedings of the 2020 International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy
  • Molecular Physics
  • Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy

Recent papers authored or co-authored by G. C. Toon demonstrate a focus on atmospheric measurement techniques and spectroscopic databases, with examples including:

  • The HITRAN2020 molecular spectroscopic database, 2021, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer
  • The Total Carbon Column Observing Network's GGG2020 data version, 2024, Earth system science data
  • Regional and Urban Column CO Trends and Anomalies as Observed by MOPITT Over 16 Years, 2021, Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
  • A new algorithm to generate a priori trace gas profiles for the GGG2020 retrieval algorithm, 2023, Atmospheric measurement techniques
  • Retrieval of atmospheric CO 2 vertical profiles from ground-based near-infrared spectra, 2021, Atmospheric measurement techniques

G. C. Toon frequently collaborates with other researchers in the field. Regular co-authors include:

  • Keeyoon Sung
  • Joshua L. Laughner
  • Debra Wunch
  • P. O. Wennberg
  • Xinchuan Huang

The breadth of G. C. Toon's work covers detailed aspects of atmospheric gases, spectroscopic techniques, and environmental monitoring, reflecting an interdisciplinary approach to studying planetary atmospheres and climate-related phenomena.

Best Publications

  • The HITRAN 2008 molecular spectroscopic database

    L.S. Rothman;I.E. Gordon;Y. Babikov;A. Barbe

  • The HITRAN2012 molecular spectroscopic database

    Unknown

  • The Total Carbon Column Observing Network

    Debra Wunch;Geoffrey C. Toon;Jean-François L. Blavier;Rebecca A. Washenfelder

  • New global observations of the terrestrial carbon cycle from GOSAT: Patterns of plant fluorescence with gross primary productivity

    Christian Frankenberg;Joshua B. Fisher;John Worden;Grayson Badgley

  • The ACOS CO 2 retrieval algorithm – Part 1: Description and validation against synthetic observations

    C. W. O'Dell;B. Connor;H. Bösch;D. O'Brien

  • Toward accurate CO2 and CH4 observations from GOSAT

    A Butz;A Butz;S Guerlet;O Hasekamp;D Schepers

  • Calibration of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network using aircraft profile data

    Debra Wunch;Geoffrey C. Toon;Paul O. Wennberg;Steven C. Wofsy

  • Precision Requirements for Space-based XCO2 Data

    C. E. Miller;D. Crisp;P. L. DeCola;S. C. Olsen

  • Stratospheric water vapor increases over the past half‐century

    K. H. Rosenlof;S. J. Oltmans;D. Kley;J. M. Russell

  • Improvement of the retrieval algorithm for GOSAT SWIR XCO2 and XCH4 and their validation using TCCON data

    Y. Yoshida;N. Kikuchi;I. Morino;O. Uchino

  • Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder stratospheric ozone measurements

    L. Froidevaux;Y. B. Jiang;A. Lambert;N. J. Livesey

  • Orbiting Carbon Observatory: Inverse method and prospective error analysis

    Brian J. Connor;Hartmut Boesch;Geoffrey Toon;Bhaswar Sen

  • Importance of secondary sources in the atmospheric budgets of formic and acetic acids

    F. Paulot;D. Wunch;J. D. Crounse;G. C. Toon

  • Process-evaluation of tropospheric humidity simulated by general circulation models using water vapor isotopologues: 1. Comparison between models and observations

    Camille Risi;Camille Risi;David Noone;John Worden;Christian Frankenberg

  • A method for evaluating bias in global measurements of CO 2 total columns from space

    D. Wunch;P. O. Wennberg;G. C. Toon;B. J. Connor

  • Carbon dioxide column abundances at the Wisconsin Tall Tower site

    R. A. Washenfelder;R. A. Washenfelder;G. C. Toon;J.-F. Blavier;Z. Yang

  • Daily and 3‐hourly variability in global fire emissions and consequences for atmospheric model predictions of carbon monoxide

    M. Mu;J. T. Randerson;G. R. van der Werf;L. Giglio

  • Early validation analyses of atmospheric profiles from EOS MLS on the aura Satellite

    L. Froidevaux;N.J. Livesey;W.G. Read;Y.B. Jiang

  • Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder middle atmosphere water vapor and nitrous oxide measurements

    Alyn Lambert;W. G. Read;N. J. Livesey;M. L. Santee

  • Preliminary validation of column-averaged volume mixing ratios of carbon dioxide and methane retrieved from GOSAT short-wavelength infrared spectra

    I. Morino;O. Uchino;M. Inoue;Y. Yoshida

  • The Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS) Experiment: Deployment on the ATLAS Space Shuttle Missions

    Michael R. Gunson;M. M. Abbas;M. C. Abrams;M. Allen

Frequent Co-Authors

Bhaswar Sen
Bhaswar Sen California Institute of Technology
Peter F. Bernath
Peter F. Bernath Old Dominion University
Paul O. Wennberg
Paul O. Wennberg California Institute of Technology
Ross J. Salawitch
Ross J. Salawitch University of Maryland, College Park
Justus Notholt
Justus Notholt University of Bremen
Debra Wunch
Debra Wunch University of Toronto
Nicholas M. Deutscher
Nicholas M. Deutscher University of Wollongong
Gloria L. Manney
Gloria L. Manney Northwest Research Associates
Kenneth W. Jucks
Kenneth W. Jucks National Aeronautics and Space Administration
J. J. Margitan
J. J. Margitan Jet Propulsion Lab

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