World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!

D-Index & Metrics

Immunology

D-Index
83
Citations
24659
World Ranking
1447
National Ranking
56

Medicine

D-Index
83
Citations
24657
World Ranking
15633
National Ranking
611

Barbara Ensoli publication distribution in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Immunology in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Barbara Ensoli sits on this spectrum.

62–71 publications: 9 scientists 72–81 publications: 23 scientists 82–91 publications: 40 scientists 92–101 publications: 72 scientists 102–111 publications: 86 scientists 112–121 publications: 108 scientists 122–131 publications: 150 scientists 132–141 publications: 160 scientists 142–151 publications: 159 scientists 152–161 publications: 189 scientists 162–171 publications: 166 scientists 172–181 publications: 181 scientists 182–191 publications: 188 scientists 192–201 publications: 187 scientists 202–211 publications: 178 scientists 212–221 publications: 158 scientists 222–231 publications: 168 scientists 232–241 publications: 159 scientists 242–251 publications: 160 scientists 252–261 publications: 148 scientists 262–271 publications: 116 scientists 272–281 publications: 125 scientists 282–291 publications: 115 scientists 292–301 publications: 111 scientists 302–311 publications: 95 scientists 312–321 publications: 97 scientists 322–331 publications: 97 scientists 332–341 publications: 99 scientists 342–351 publications: 96 scientists 352–361 publications: 68 scientists 362–371 publications: 76 scientists 372–381 publications: 71 scientists 382–391 publications: 71 scientists 392–401 publications: 62 scientists 402–411 publications: 54 scientists 412–421 publications: 41 scientists 422–431 publications: 63 scientists 432–441 publications: 53 scientists 442–451 publications: 31 scientists 452–461 publications: 42 scientists 462–471 publications: 40 scientists 472–481 publications: 29 scientists 482–491 publications: 34 scientists 492–501 publications: 30 scientists 502–511 publications: 23 scientists 512–521 publications: 41 scientists 522–531 publications: 29 scientists 532–541 publications: 28 scientists 542–551 publications: 16 scientists 552–561 publications: 18 scientists 562–571 publications: 18 scientists 572–581 publications: 17 scientists 582–591 publications: 17 scientists 592–601 publications: 17 scientists 602–611 publications: 19 scientists 612–621 publications: 13 scientists 622–631 publications: 12 scientists 632–641 publications: 11 scientists 642–651 publications: 16 scientists 652–661 publications: 9 scientists 662–671 publications: 5 scientists 672–681 publications: 13 scientists 682–691 publications: 12 scientists 692–701 publications: 6 scientists 702–711 publications: 6 scientists 712–721 publications: 9 scientists 722–731 publications: 9 scientists 732–741 publications: 6 scientists 742–751 publications: 11 scientists 752–761 publications: 10 scientists 762–771 publications: 7 scientists 772–781 publications: 12 scientists 782–791 publications: 7 scientists 792–801 publications: 5 scientists 802–806 publications: 1 scientists 807+ publications: 100 scientists
62 publications 807+

This scientist: 342 publications — 72nd percentile

72% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 807 publications or more.

Barbara Ensoli D-index placement in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Immunology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Barbara Ensoli sits on this spectrum.

40–41 D-Index: 28 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 91 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 157 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 192 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 175 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 188 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 177 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 155 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 194 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 201 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 197 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 201 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 173 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 167 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 172 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 199 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 184 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 133 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 162 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 127 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 121 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 125 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 121 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 102 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 96 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 75 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 72 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 74 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 66 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 68 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 49 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 60 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 54 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 36 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 23 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 52 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 41 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 34 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 25 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 28 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 11 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 20 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 27 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 19 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 20 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 16 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 17 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 14 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 15 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 9 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 11 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 9 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 9 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 7 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 7 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 7 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 5 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 8 scientists 156 D-Index: 6 scientists 157+ D-Index: 96 scientists
40 D-Index 157+

This scientist: 83 D-Index — 71st percentile

71% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more.

Research.com Recognitions

  • Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
  • Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
  • Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)
  • Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)

Overview

Barbara Ensoli is affiliated with the Istituto Superiore di Sanità in Italy. Their research primarily spans the fields of Medicine and Immunology and Microbiology, focusing especially on subfields such as Virology, Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology, Molecular Biology, and Immunology.

The main topics of Barbara Ensoli's work revolve around HIV research and treatment, with notable emphasis on:

  • HIV Research and Treatment
  • HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
  • Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
  • HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
  • Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
  • Vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
  • Viral-associated cancers and disorders

Frequent coauthors in their publications include:

  • Orietta Picconi (10 collaborations)
  • Aurelio Cafaro (9 collaborations)
  • Paolo Monini (8 collaborations)
  • Cecilia Sgadari (8 collaborations)
  • Antonella Tripiciano (7 collaborations)

Barbara Ensoli has published repeatedly in several scientific venues, notably:

  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (3 publications)
  • Expert Review of Vaccines (2 publications)
  • Scientific Reports (2 publications)
  • Poster (2 publications)
  • The Lancet HIV (1 publication)

Significant papers by Barbara Ensoli include:

  • "New insights into pathogenesis point to HIV-1 Tat as a key vaccine target," 2021, Archives of Virology
  • "Global and regional epidemiology of HIV-1 recombinants in 1990-2015: a systematic review and global survey," 2020, The Lancet HIV
  • "HIV-1 Tat Protein Enters Dysfunctional Endothelial Cells via Integrins and Renders Them Permissive to Virus Replication," 2020, International Journal of Molecular Sciences
  • "Role of HIV-1 Tat Protein Interactions with Host Receptors in HIV Infection and Pathogenesis," 2024, International Journal of Molecular Sciences
  • "HIV therapeutic vaccines aimed at intensifying combination antiretroviral therapy," 2020, Expert Review of Vaccines

Barbara Ensoli's contributions have been recognized in part through membership in scientific organizations, including being appointed as a Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO).

Best Publications

  • Tat protein of HIV-1 stimulates growth of cells derived from Kaposi's sarcoma lesions of AIDS patients

    B Ensoli;G Barillari;S Z Salahuddin;R C Gallo

  • Release, uptake, and effects of extracellular human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein on cell growth and viral transactivation.

    B Ensoli;L Buonaguro;G Barillari;V Fiorelli

  • Synergy between basic fibroblast growth factor and HIV-1 Tat protein in induction of Kaposi's sarcoma

    Barbara Ensoli;Rita Gendelman;Phillip Markham;Valeria Fiorelli

  • AIDS-Kaposi's sarcoma-derived cells express cytokines with autocrine and paracrine growth effects.

    B Ensoli;S Nakamura;SZ Salahuddin;P Biberfeld

  • HIV-1 Tat protein exits from cells via a leaderless secretory pathway and binds to extracellular matrix-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans through its basic region

    Hsiao C. Chang;Felipe Samaniego;Felipe Samaniego;Bala C. Nair;Luigi Buonaguro

  • The sor gene of HIV-1 is required for efficient virus transmission in vitro.

    Amanda G. Fisher;Barbara Ensoli;Lucinda Ivanoff;Mark Chamberlain

  • The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, a growth factor for AIDS Kaposi sarcoma and cytokine-activated vascular cells, induces adhesion of the same cell types by using integrin receptors recognizing the RGD amino acid sequence.

    Giovanni Barillari;Rita Gendelman;Robert C. Gallo;Barbara Ensoli

  • Kaposi's sarcoma cells: long-term culture with growth factor from retrovirus-infected CD4+ T cells

    S Nakamura;SZ Salahuddin;P Biberfeld;B Ensoli

  • Control of SHIV-89.6P-infection of cynomolgus monkeys by HIV-1 Tat protein vaccine.

    Aurelio Cafaro;Antonella Caputo;Claudio Fracasso;Maria T. Maggiorella

  • Biologically diverse molecular variants within a single HIV-1 isolate.

    Amanda G. Fisher;Barbara Ensoli;David Looney;Andrea Rose

  • Global and regional molecular epidemiology of HIV-1, 1990–2015: a systematic review, global survey, and trend analysis

    Joris Hemelaar;Ramyiadarsini Elangovan;Jason Yun;Leslie Dickson-Tetteh

  • Productive dual infection of human CD4+ T lymphocytes by HIV-1 and HHV-6.

    Paolo Lusso;Barbara Ensoli;Phillip D. Markham;Dharam V. Ablashi

  • Effects of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein on the expression of inflammatory cytokines.

    Luigi Buonaguro;Giovanni Barillari;Hsiao K. Chang;Cindy A. Bohan

  • HIV protease inhibitors are potent anti-angiogenic molecules and promote regression of Kaposi sarcoma.

    Cecilia Sgadari;Giovanni Barillari;Elena Toschi;Davide Carlei

  • Monocytes in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions are productively infected by human herpesvirus 8.

    C Blasig;C Zietz;B Haar;F Neipel

  • Biology of Kaposi's sarcoma.

    B. Ensoli;C. Sgadari;G. Barillari;M.C. Sirianni

  • Vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor present in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) are induced by inflammatory cytokines and synergize to promote vascular permeability and KS lesion development.

    Felipe Samaniego;Phillip D. Markham;Rita Gendelman;Yoshiki Watanabe

  • Angiogenic properties of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein.

    Adriana Albini;Giovanni Barillari;Roberto Benelli;Robert C. Gallo

  • Human herpes virus-6 increases HIV-1 expression in co-infected T cells via nuclear factors binding to the HIV-1 enhancer.

    B Ensoli;P Lusso;F Schachter;S F Josephs

  • Effects of cytokines from activated immune cells on vascular cell growth and HIV-1 gene expression. Implications for AIDS-Kaposi's sarcoma pathogenesis.

    Giovanni Barillari;Luigi Buonaguro;Valeria Fiorelli;John Hoffman

  • Reactivation and persistence of human herpesvirus-8 infection in B cells and monocytes by Th-1 cytokines increased in Kaposi's sarcoma.

    Paolo Monini;Sandra Colombini;Michael Stürzl;Delia Goletti

  • Native HIV-1 Tat Protein Targets Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells and Enhances Their Maturation, Function, and Antigen-Specific T Cell Responses

    Emanuele Fanales-Belasio;Sonia Moretti;Filomena Nappi;Giovanni Barillari;Giovanni Barillari

Frequent Co-Authors

Paolo Monini
Paolo Monini Istituto Superiore di Sanità
Robert C. Gallo
Robert C. Gallo University of South Florida
Michael Stürzl
Michael Stürzl University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
Luigi Buonaguro
Luigi Buonaguro Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori
Mauro Magnani
Mauro Magnani University of Urbino
Massimo Andreoni
Massimo Andreoni University of Rome Tor Vergata
Giovanni Rezza
Giovanni Rezza Vita-Salute San Raffaele University
Fernando Aiuti
Fernando Aiuti Sapienza University of Rome
Delia Goletti
Delia Goletti Istituto Sperimentale Italiano Lazzaro Spallanzani
Mario Falchi
Mario Falchi King's College London

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