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D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Plant Science and Agronomy 64 970 892 85 76 119 16900

William Armstrong publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by William Armstrong between 1964 and 2025, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. William Armstrong published across 62 years, from 1964 to 2025, averaging 2.1 papers a year. Output peaked at 9 publications in 1996. 3 of the 128 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
2 4 6 8
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1964 to 2025. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 9. Peak 9 publications in 1996. 1964: 1 publication 1965: 0 publications 1966: 0 publications 1967: 5 publications 1968: 2 publications 1969: 1 publication 1970: 1 publication 1971: 2 publications 1972: 4 publications 1973: 1 publication 1974: 0 publications 1975: 1 publication 1976: 4 publications 1977: 0 publications 1978: 1 publication 1979: 0 publications 1980: 4 publications 1981: 0 publications 1982: 1 publication 1983: 4 publications 1984: 1 publication 1985: 3 publications 1986: 0 publications 1987: 2 publications 1988: 4 publications 1989: 4 publications 1990: 5 publications 1991: 4 publications 1992: 2 publications 1993: 2 publications 1994: 6 publications 1995: 2 publications 1996: 9 publications 1997: 1 publication 1998: 3 publications 1999: 6 publications 2000: 3 publications 2001: 6 publications 2002: 2 publications 2003: 2 publications 2004: 1 publication 2005: 2 publications 2006: 2 publications 2007: 2 publications 2008: 1 publication 2009: 3 publications 2010: 1 publication 2011: 4 publications 2012: 0 publications 2013: 0 publications 2014: 2 publications 2015: 0 publications 2016: 2 publications 2017: 0 publications 2018: 1 publication 2019: 1 publication 2020: 2 publications 2021: 0 publications 2022: 1 publication 2023: 1 publication 2024: 2 publications 2025: 1 publication
1964 2025

128 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
William Armstrong: publications per year, 1964 to 2025
Year Publications
1964 1
1965 0
1966 0
1967 5
1968 2
1969 1
1970 1
1971 2
1972 4
1973 1
1974 0
1975 1
1976 4
1977 0
1978 1
1979 0
1980 4
1981 0
1982 1
1983 4
1984 1
1985 3
1986 0
1987 2
1988 4
1989 4
1990 5
1991 4
1992 2
1993 2
1994 6
1995 2
1996 9
1997 1
1998 3
1999 6
2000 3
2001 6
2002 2
2003 2
2004 1
2005 2
2006 2
2007 2
2008 1
2009 3
2010 1
2011 4
2012 0
2013 0
2014 2
2015 0
2016 2
2017 0
2018 1
2019 1
2020 2
2021 0
2022 1
2023 1
2024 2
2025 1
Total 128
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William Armstrong publication distribution in Plant Science and Agronomy in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Plant Science and Agronomy in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where William Armstrong sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150 200 250
Bar chart with 88 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 36–40 to 467+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 255. Most scientists, 255, have 111–115 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 467 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 116–120 publications, is where this scientist sits. 36–40 publications: 2 scientists 41–45 publications: 7 scientists 46–50 publications: 40 scientists 51–55 publications: 58 scientists 56–60 publications: 60 scientists 61–65 publications: 107 scientists 66–70 publications: 130 scientists 71–75 publications: 153 scientists 76–80 publications: 191 scientists 81–85 publications: 199 scientists 86–90 publications: 206 scientists 91–95 publications: 218 scientists 96–100 publications: 226 scientists 101–105 publications: 227 scientists 106–110 publications: 247 scientists 111–115 publications: 255 scientists 116–120 publications: 253 scientists 121–125 publications: 233 scientists 126–130 publications: 219 scientists 131–135 publications: 201 scientists 136–140 publications: 194 scientists 141–145 publications: 176 scientists 146–150 publications: 157 scientists 151–155 publications: 147 scientists 156–160 publications: 151 scientists 161–165 publications: 159 scientists 166–170 publications: 137 scientists 171–175 publications: 128 scientists 176–180 publications: 126 scientists 181–185 publications: 98 scientists 186–190 publications: 114 scientists 191–195 publications: 100 scientists 196–200 publications: 90 scientists 201–205 publications: 71 scientists 206–210 publications: 98 scientists 211–215 publications: 70 scientists 216–220 publications: 86 scientists 221–225 publications: 61 scientists 226–230 publications: 58 scientists 231–235 publications: 53 scientists 236–240 publications: 64 scientists 241–245 publications: 39 scientists 246–250 publications: 46 scientists 251–255 publications: 51 scientists 256–260 publications: 36 scientists 261–265 publications: 44 scientists 266–270 publications: 35 scientists 271–275 publications: 30 scientists 276–280 publications: 33 scientists 281–285 publications: 35 scientists 286–290 publications: 36 scientists 291–295 publications: 26 scientists 296–300 publications: 26 scientists 301–305 publications: 31 scientists 306–310 publications: 30 scientists 311–315 publications: 21 scientists 316–320 publications: 29 scientists 321–325 publications: 14 scientists 326–330 publications: 15 scientists 331–335 publications: 15 scientists 336–340 publications: 17 scientists 341–345 publications: 15 scientists 346–350 publications: 12 scientists 351–355 publications: 17 scientists 356–360 publications: 18 scientists 361–365 publications: 12 scientists 366–370 publications: 11 scientists 371–375 publications: 6 scientists 376–380 publications: 6 scientists 381–385 publications: 11 scientists 386–390 publications: 9 scientists 391–395 publications: 10 scientists 396–400 publications: 8 scientists 401–405 publications: 4 scientists 406–410 publications: 9 scientists 411–415 publications: 11 scientists 416–420 publications: 4 scientists 421–425 publications: 7 scientists 426–430 publications: 4 scientists 431–435 publications: 3 scientists 436–440 publications: 5 scientists 441–445 publications: 8 scientists 446–450 publications: 6 scientists 451–455 publications: 7 scientists 456–460 publications: 5 scientists 461–465 publications: 6 scientists 466 publications: 2 scientists 467+ publications: 99 scientists
36–40 publications 467+

This scientist: 119 publications — 39th percentile

39% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 467 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Plant Science and Agronomy scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 6,494 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
36–40 2
41–45 7
46–50 40
51–55 58
56–60 60
61–65 107
66–70 130
71–75 153
76–80 191
81–85 199
86–90 206
91–95 218
96–100 226
101–105 227
106–110 247
111–115 255
116–120 253 119
121–125 233
126–130 219
131–135 201
136–140 194
141–145 176
146–150 157
151–155 147
156–160 151
161–165 159
166–170 137
171–175 128
176–180 126
181–185 98
186–190 114
191–195 100
196–200 90
201–205 71
206–210 98
211–215 70
216–220 86
221–225 61
226–230 58
231–235 53
236–240 64
241–245 39
246–250 46
251–255 51
256–260 36
261–265 44
266–270 35
271–275 30
276–280 33
281–285 35
286–290 36
291–295 26
296–300 26
301–305 31
306–310 30
311–315 21
316–320 29
321–325 14
326–330 15
331–335 15
336–340 17
341–345 15
346–350 12
351–355 17
356–360 18
361–365 12
366–370 11
371–375 6
376–380 6
381–385 11
386–390 9
391–395 10
396–400 8
401–405 4
406–410 9
411–415 11
416–420 4
421–425 7
426–430 4
431–435 3
436–440 5
441–445 8
446–450 6
451–455 7
456–460 5
461–465 6
466 2
467+ 99
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William Armstrong D-index placement in Plant Science and Agronomy in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Plant Science and Agronomy scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where William Armstrong sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150 200 250
Bar chart with 80 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 30 to 109+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 288. Most scientists, 288, have 34 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 109 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 64 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 30 D-Index: 200 scientists 31 D-Index: 236 scientists 32 D-Index: 253 scientists 33 D-Index: 283 scientists 34 D-Index: 288 scientists 35 D-Index: 240 scientists 36 D-Index: 246 scientists 37 D-Index: 243 scientists 38 D-Index: 247 scientists 39 D-Index: 229 scientists 40 D-Index: 232 scientists 41 D-Index: 230 scientists 42 D-Index: 228 scientists 43 D-Index: 219 scientists 44 D-Index: 193 scientists 45 D-Index: 164 scientists 46 D-Index: 158 scientists 47 D-Index: 143 scientists 48 D-Index: 131 scientists 49 D-Index: 127 scientists 50 D-Index: 122 scientists 51 D-Index: 122 scientists 52 D-Index: 110 scientists 53 D-Index: 102 scientists 54 D-Index: 98 scientists 55 D-Index: 79 scientists 56 D-Index: 85 scientists 57 D-Index: 88 scientists 58 D-Index: 91 scientists 59 D-Index: 62 scientists 60 D-Index: 61 scientists 61 D-Index: 59 scientists 62 D-Index: 54 scientists 63 D-Index: 61 scientists 64 D-Index: 59 scientists 65 D-Index: 58 scientists 66 D-Index: 41 scientists 67 D-Index: 49 scientists 68 D-Index: 39 scientists 69 D-Index: 32 scientists 70 D-Index: 40 scientists 71 D-Index: 47 scientists 72 D-Index: 38 scientists 73 D-Index: 28 scientists 74 D-Index: 29 scientists 75 D-Index: 28 scientists 76 D-Index: 22 scientists 77 D-Index: 21 scientists 78 D-Index: 25 scientists 79 D-Index: 26 scientists 80 D-Index: 19 scientists 81 D-Index: 16 scientists 82 D-Index: 12 scientists 83 D-Index: 16 scientists 84 D-Index: 14 scientists 85 D-Index: 11 scientists 86 D-Index: 17 scientists 87 D-Index: 13 scientists 88 D-Index: 10 scientists 89 D-Index: 12 scientists 90 D-Index: 18 scientists 91 D-Index: 16 scientists 92 D-Index: 16 scientists 93 D-Index: 17 scientists 94 D-Index: 12 scientists 95 D-Index: 8 scientists 96 D-Index: 9 scientists 97 D-Index: 9 scientists 98 D-Index: 11 scientists 99 D-Index: 12 scientists 100 D-Index: 5 scientists 101 D-Index: 8 scientists 102 D-Index: 4 scientists 103 D-Index: 11 scientists 104 D-Index: 5 scientists 105 D-Index: 9 scientists 106 D-Index: 7 scientists 107 D-Index: 4 scientists 108 D-Index: 8 scientists 109+ D-Index: 99 scientists
30 D-Index 109+

This scientist: 64 D-Index — 85th percentile

85% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 109 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Plant Science and Agronomy scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 6,494 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
30 200
31 236
32 253
33 283
34 288
35 240
36 246
37 243
38 247
39 229
40 232
41 230
42 228
43 219
44 193
45 164
46 158
47 143
48 131
49 127
50 122
51 122
52 110
53 102
54 98
55 79
56 85
57 88
58 91
59 62
60 61
61 59
62 54
63 61
64 59 64
65 58
66 41
67 49
68 39
69 32
70 40
71 47
72 38
73 28
74 29
75 28
76 22
77 21
78 25
79 26
80 19
81 16
82 12
83 16
84 14
85 11
86 17
87 13
88 10
89 12
90 18
91 16
92 16
93 17
94 12
95 8
96 9
97 9
98 11
99 12
100 5
101 8
102 4
103 11
104 5
105 9
106 7
107 4
108 8
109+ 99
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Overview

What is he best known for?

The fields of study he is best known for:

  • Botany
  • Ecology
  • Carbon dioxide

William Armstrong mostly deals with Botany, Aerenchyma, Aerenchyma formation, Phragmites and Aeration. His Botany study incorporates themes from Oxygen transport and Soil water. William Armstrong conducted interdisciplinary study in his works that combined Aerenchyma and Rumex palustris.

William Armstrong focuses mostly in the field of Phragmites, narrowing it down to topics relating to Rhizome and, in certain cases, Sprouting. His Aeration research is multidisciplinary, incorporating perspectives in Physiological Adaptations and Soil waterlogging. As a member of one scientific family, he mostly works in the field of Photosynthesis, focusing on Carbon dioxide and, on occasion, Secondary thickening, Xylem and Environmental engineering.

His most cited work include:

  • Aeration in Higher Plants (1152 citations)
  • THE ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ROOTS AND PLANT RESPONSE TO SOIL FLOODING (639 citations)
  • Formation of Aerenchyma and the Processes of Plant Ventilation in Relation to Soil Flooding and Submergence (558 citations)

What are the main themes of his work throughout his whole career to date?

William Armstrong focuses on Botany, Shoot, Aeration, Phragmites and Aerenchyma. Botany is often connected to Horticulture in his work. In his research on the topic of Shoot, Oxidative phosphorylation is strongly related with Xylem.

The various areas that he examines in his Aeration study include Hypoxia and Convection. His Phragmites research incorporates elements of Oxygen transport, Cell wall, Static pressure and Callus. Menyanthes, Waterlogging and Agronomy is closely connected to Soil water in his research, which is encompassed under the umbrella topic of Aerenchyma.

He most often published in these fields:

  • Botany (75.49%)
  • Shoot (32.35%)
  • Aeration (26.47%)

What were the highlights of his more recent work (between 2006-2020)?

  • Botany (75.49%)
  • Respiration (26.47%)
  • Shoot (32.35%)

In recent papers he was focusing on the following fields of study:

His primary scientific interests are in Botany, Respiration, Shoot, Aeration and Respiratory system. His Botany study integrates concerns from other disciplines, such as Biophysics and Phragmites. William Armstrong combines subjects such as Hypoxia, Stele and Anoxic waters with his study of Respiration.

His study explores the link between Shoot and topics such as Rhizome that cross with problems in Equisetum telmateia. His research investigates the connection between Aeration and topics such as Convection that intersect with problems in Chemical physics and Soil water. His Respiratory system research includes themes of Respirometry, Physiology and Respiration rate.

Between 2006 and 2020, his most popular works were:

  • Apoplastic barriers to radial oxygen loss and solute penetration: a chemical and functional comparison of the exodermis of two wetland species, Phragmites australis and Glyceria maxima (117 citations)
  • Plants and flooding stress. (65 citations)
  • Plants and flooding stress. (65 citations)

In his most recent research, the most cited papers focused on:

  • Botany
  • Ecology
  • Biochemistry

William Armstrong spends much of his time researching Botany, Shoot, Biophysics, Hypoxia and Plant physiology. He has researched Botany in several fields, including Fermentation and Respiratory system. His research integrates issues of Stele, Partial pressure and Cellular respiration in his study of Fermentation.

As a part of the same scientific study, William Armstrong usually deals with the Cell wall, concentrating on Exodermis and frequently concerns with Aerenchyma. The study incorporates disciplines such as Gibberellin, Plant stem and Photosynthesis in addition to Gibberellic acid. His work carried out in the field of Respiration rate brings together such families of science as Respirometer and Respirometry.

Best Publications

  • Aeration in Higher Plants

    W. Armstrong

  • THE ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ROOTS AND PLANT RESPONSE TO SOIL FLOODING

    S. H. F. W. Justin;W. Armstrong

  • Formation of Aerenchyma and the Processes of Plant Ventilation in Relation to Soil Flooding and Submergence

    M. B. Jackson;W. Armstrong

  • Mechanisms of flood tolerance in plants

    William Armstrong;Roland Brändle;Michael B. Jackson

  • Oxygen Distribution in Wetland Plant Roots and Permeability Barriers to Gas-exchange with the Rhizosphere: a Microelectrode and Modelling Study with Phragmites australis

    W. Armstrong;D. Cousins;J. Armstrong;D. W. Turner

  • Oxygen Diffusion from the Roots of Some British Bog Plants

    W. Armstrong;W. Armstrong

  • Radial Oxygen Losses from Intact Rice Roots as Affected by Distance from the Apex, Respiration and Waterlogging

    W. Armstrong

  • Phragmites australis– A preliminary study of soil‐oxidizing sites and internal gas transport pathways

    J. Armstrong;W. Armstrong

  • Phragmites australis: Venturi- and humidity-induced pressure flows enhance rhizome aeration and rhizosphere oxidation

    Jean Armstrong;William Armstrong;Peter M. Beckett

  • Root Growth and Metabolism Under Oxygen Deficiency

    William Armstrong;Malcolm C. Drew

  • The Oxidising Activity of Roots in Waterlogged Soils

    W. Armstrong

  • Root adaptation to soil waterlogging

    W. Armstrong;S.H.F.W. Justin;P.M. Beckett;S. Lythe

  • Rice: sulfide-induced barriers to root radial oxygen loss, Fe2+ and water uptake, and lateral root emergence.

    Jean Armstrong;William Armstrong

  • A convective through-flow of gases in Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

    J. Armstrong;W. Armstrong

  • Light‐enhanced convective throughflow increases oxygenation in rhizomes and rhizosphere of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

    J. Armstrong;W. Armstrong

  • MEASUREMENT AND MODELLING OF OXYGEN RELEASE FROM ROOTS OF PHRAGMITES AUSTRALIS

    W. Armstrong;J. Armstrong;P.M. Beckett

  • Root morphology and aerenchyma formation as indicators for the flood-tolerance of Rumex species

    P. Laan;M.J. Berrevoets;S. Lythe;W. Armstrong

  • Aerenchyma formation and associated oxygen movement in seminal and nodal roots of wheat.

    C. J. Thomson;C. J. Thomson;W. Armstrong;I. Waters;H. Greenway

  • Rice and Phragmites: effects of organic acids on growth, root permeability, and radial oxygen loss to the rhizosphere.

    Jean Armstrong;William Armstrong

  • Plant zonation and the effects of the spring-neap tidal cycle on soil aeration in a humber salt marsh

    Unknown

  • Conditions leading to high CO2 (>5 kPa) in waterlogged-flooded soils and possible effects on root growth and metabolism.

    Hank Greenway;William Armstrong;Timothy D. Colmer

  • Apoplastic barriers to radial oxygen loss and solute penetration: a chemical and functional comparison of the exodermis of two wetland species, Phragmites australis and Glyceria maxima

    Aleš Soukup;William Armstrong;Lukas Schreiber;Rochus Franke

Frequent Co-Authors

Timothy D. Colmer
Timothy D. Colmer University of Western Australia
Ole Pedersen
Ole Pedersen University of Copenhagen
Krishnapillai Sivasithamparam
Krishnapillai Sivasithamparam University of Western Australia
Michael B. Jackson
Michael B. Jackson University of Bristol
H. Greenway
H. Greenway University of Western Australia
Tim L. Setter
Tim L. Setter Cornell University
Edward G. Barrett-Lennard
Edward G. Barrett-Lennard University of Western Australia
Rochus Franke
Rochus Franke University of Bonn
Lukas Schreiber
Lukas Schreiber University of Bonn

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