World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!

D-Index & Metrics

Microbiology

D-Index
95
Citations
35187
World Ranking
532
National Ranking
247

Medicine

D-Index
96
Citations
36619
World Ranking
9599
National Ranking
4944

Robert W. Shafer publication distribution in Microbiology in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Microbiology in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Robert W. Shafer sits on this spectrum.

55–64 publications: 8 scientists 65–74 publications: 29 scientists 75–84 publications: 55 scientists 85–94 publications: 112 scientists 95–104 publications: 137 scientists 105–114 publications: 190 scientists 115–124 publications: 235 scientists 125–134 publications: 234 scientists 135–144 publications: 288 scientists 145–154 publications: 264 scientists 155–164 publications: 264 scientists 165–174 publications: 253 scientists 175–184 publications: 276 scientists 185–194 publications: 190 scientists 195–204 publications: 233 scientists 205–214 publications: 207 scientists 215–224 publications: 198 scientists 225–234 publications: 155 scientists 235–244 publications: 161 scientists 245–254 publications: 160 scientists 255–264 publications: 146 scientists 265–274 publications: 139 scientists 275–284 publications: 148 scientists 285–294 publications: 115 scientists 295–304 publications: 96 scientists 305–314 publications: 88 scientists 315–324 publications: 106 scientists 325–334 publications: 65 scientists 335–344 publications: 76 scientists 345–354 publications: 64 scientists 355–364 publications: 62 scientists 365–374 publications: 65 scientists 375–384 publications: 61 scientists 385–394 publications: 34 scientists 395–404 publications: 44 scientists 405–414 publications: 36 scientists 415–424 publications: 35 scientists 425–434 publications: 29 scientists 435–444 publications: 33 scientists 445–454 publications: 34 scientists 455–464 publications: 25 scientists 465–474 publications: 26 scientists 475–484 publications: 20 scientists 485–494 publications: 19 scientists 495–504 publications: 16 scientists 505–514 publications: 17 scientists 515–524 publications: 23 scientists 525–534 publications: 14 scientists 535–544 publications: 14 scientists 545–554 publications: 18 scientists 555–564 publications: 12 scientists 565–574 publications: 7 scientists 575–584 publications: 9 scientists 585–594 publications: 9 scientists 595–604 publications: 9 scientists 605–614 publications: 7 scientists 615–624 publications: 9 scientists 625–634 publications: 7 scientists 635–644 publications: 4 scientists 645–654 publications: 5 scientists 655–664 publications: 6 scientists 665–674 publications: 7 scientists 675–678 publications: 3 scientists 679+ publications: 99 scientists
55 publications 679+

This scientist: 304 publications — 78th percentile

78% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 679 publications or more.

Robert W. Shafer D-index placement in Microbiology in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Microbiology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Robert W. Shafer sits on this spectrum.

40 D-Index: 30 scientists 41 D-Index: 86 scientists 42 D-Index: 90 scientists 43 D-Index: 117 scientists 44 D-Index: 122 scientists 45 D-Index: 123 scientists 46 D-Index: 108 scientists 47 D-Index: 110 scientists 48 D-Index: 106 scientists 49 D-Index: 109 scientists 50 D-Index: 129 scientists 51 D-Index: 111 scientists 52 D-Index: 116 scientists 53 D-Index: 127 scientists 54 D-Index: 134 scientists 55 D-Index: 134 scientists 56 D-Index: 111 scientists 57 D-Index: 136 scientists 58 D-Index: 162 scientists 59 D-Index: 151 scientists 60 D-Index: 139 scientists 61 D-Index: 122 scientists 62 D-Index: 126 scientists 63 D-Index: 144 scientists 64 D-Index: 109 scientists 65 D-Index: 103 scientists 66 D-Index: 124 scientists 67 D-Index: 112 scientists 68 D-Index: 103 scientists 69 D-Index: 131 scientists 70 D-Index: 93 scientists 71 D-Index: 93 scientists 72 D-Index: 96 scientists 73 D-Index: 92 scientists 74 D-Index: 80 scientists 75 D-Index: 66 scientists 76 D-Index: 87 scientists 77 D-Index: 60 scientists 78 D-Index: 73 scientists 79 D-Index: 59 scientists 80 D-Index: 57 scientists 81 D-Index: 55 scientists 82 D-Index: 47 scientists 83 D-Index: 77 scientists 84 D-Index: 50 scientists 85 D-Index: 45 scientists 86 D-Index: 42 scientists 87 D-Index: 41 scientists 88 D-Index: 32 scientists 89 D-Index: 38 scientists 90 D-Index: 35 scientists 91 D-Index: 34 scientists 92 D-Index: 27 scientists 93 D-Index: 26 scientists 94 D-Index: 33 scientists 95 D-Index: 22 scientists 96 D-Index: 37 scientists 97 D-Index: 22 scientists 98 D-Index: 21 scientists 99 D-Index: 22 scientists 100 D-Index: 30 scientists 101 D-Index: 16 scientists 102 D-Index: 20 scientists 103 D-Index: 17 scientists 104 D-Index: 19 scientists 105 D-Index: 16 scientists 106 D-Index: 19 scientists 107 D-Index: 18 scientists 108 D-Index: 14 scientists 109 D-Index: 10 scientists 110 D-Index: 9 scientists 111 D-Index: 7 scientists 112 D-Index: 11 scientists 113 D-Index: 6 scientists 114 D-Index: 15 scientists 115 D-Index: 10 scientists 116 D-Index: 12 scientists 117 D-Index: 7 scientists 118 D-Index: 10 scientists 119 D-Index: 10 scientists 120 D-Index: 11 scientists 121 D-Index: 2 scientists 122 D-Index: 7 scientists 123 D-Index: 12 scientists 124 D-Index: 5 scientists 125 D-Index: 9 scientists 126 D-Index: 6 scientists 127+ D-Index: 95 scientists
40 D-Index 127+

This scientist: 95 D-Index — 90th percentile

90% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 127 D-Index or more.

Overview

Robert W. Shafer is affiliated with Stanford University in the United States. Their research primarily focuses on the fields of Medicine and Immunology and Microbiology, with a significant emphasis on Infectious Diseases and Virology. Additional areas of study include Epidemiology, Molecular Biology, and Neurology.

The scientist's main topical interests cover HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment, HIV research and interventions, as well as SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 research. Specific topics include long-term effects of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing.

Frequent publication venues for Robert W. Shafer include Clinical Infectious Diseases and Viruses, with notable contributions also appearing in bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), PLoS ONE, and The Lancet HIV.

Coauthors who have frequently collaborated with Robert W. Shafer include Soo-Yon Rhee, Kaiming Tao, Philip L. Tzou, Sergei L. Kosakovsky Pond, and Michael R. Jordan.

Recent papers illustrate Robert W. Shafer's ongoing involvement in virological and infectious disease research. These publications include:

  • The biological and clinical significance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants (2021, Nature Reviews Genetics)
  • 2025 update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 (2025, PubMed)
  • Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on the Treatment and Management of Patients With COVID-19 (September 2022) (2022, Clinical Infectious Diseases)
  • Coronavirus Resistance Database (CoV-RDB): SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility to monoclonal antibodies, convalescent plasma, and plasma from vaccinated persons (2022, PLoS ONE)
  • Selection Analysis Identifies Clusters of Unusual Mutational Changes in Omicron Lineage BA.1 That Likely Impact Spike Function (2022, Molecular Biology and Evolution)

Best Publications

  • The major genetic determinants of HIV-1 control affect HLA class I peptide presentation

    Pereyra F;Jia X;McLaren Pj

  • 2011 update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-1.

    Johnson Va;Calvez;Günthard Hf;Paredes R

  • Drug Resistance Mutations for Surveillance of Transmitted HIV-1 Drug-Resistance: 2009 Update

    Diane E. Bennett;Ricardo J. Camacho;Dan Otelea;Daniel R. Kuritzkes

  • The biological and clinical significance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

    Kaiming Tao;Philip L. Tzou;Janin Nouhin;Ravindra K. Gupta

  • Human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and protease sequence database

    Robert W. Shafer;Derek Stevenson;Bryan Chan

  • 2017 Update of the Drug Resistance Mutations in HIV-1.

    Annemarie M. Wensing;Vincent Calvez;Huldrych F. Günthard;Victoria A. Johnson

  • 2014 Update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-1.

    Annemarie M Wensing;Vincent Calvez;Huldrych F Günthard;Victoria A Johnson

  • Exogenous reinfection with multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with advanced HIV infection.

    Peter M. Small;Robert W. Shafer;Philip C. Hopewell;Samir P. Singh

  • 2015 Update of the Drug Resistance Mutations in HIV-1.

    Annemarie M. Wensing;Vincent Calvez;Huldrych F. Günthard;Victoria A. Johnson

  • Web resources for HIV type 1 genotypic-resistance test interpretation.

    Tommy F. Liu;Robert W. Shafer

  • 2019 update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-1.

    Annemarie M. Wensing;Vincent Calvez;Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein;Charlotte Charpentier

  • Characterization of mutation spectra with ultra-deep pyrosequencing: Application to HIV-1 drug resistance

    Chunlin Wang;Yumi Mitsuya;Baback Gharizadeh;Mostafa Ronaghi

  • Rationale and Uses of a Public HIV Drug-Resistance Database

    Robert W. Shafer

  • Comparison of Sequential Three-Drug Regimens as Initial Therapy for HIV-1 Infection

    Gregory K. Robbins;Victor De Gruttola;Robert W. Shafer;Laura M. Smeaton

  • HIV-1 drug resistance mutations: an updated framework for the second decade of HAART.

    Robert W. Shafer;Jonathan M. Schapiro

  • Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

    Robert W. Shafer;Dong S. Kim;Jeffrey P. Weiss;John M. Quale

  • Genotypic Testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug Resistance

    Robert W. Shafer

  • HIV-1 protease and reverse transcriptase mutations for drug resistance surveillance.

    Robert W. Shafer;Soo-Yon Rhee;Deenan Pillay;Veronica Miller

  • HIV-1 Antiretroviral Resistance: Scientific Principles and Clinical Applications

    Michele W. Tang;Robert W. Shafer

  • Impact of HIV-1 subtype and antiretroviral therapy on protease and reverse transcriptase genotype: Results of a global collaboration

    Rami Kantor;David A Katzenstein;Brad Efron;Ana Patricia Carvalho

Frequent Co-Authors

Soo-Yon Rhee
Soo-Yon Rhee Stanford University
David Katzenstein
David Katzenstein Stanford University
Thomas C. Merigan
Thomas C. Merigan Stanford University
Mark A. Winters
Mark A. Winters Stanford University
Jonathan M. Schapiro
Jonathan M. Schapiro Sheba Medical Center
Anne-Mieke Vandamme
Anne-Mieke Vandamme Rega Institute for Medical Research
Deenan Pillay
Deenan Pillay University College London
Susan Holmes
Susan Holmes Stanford University
Lynn Morris
Lynn Morris University of the Witwatersrand
Douglas D. Richman
Douglas D. Richman University of California, San Diego

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