World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!

D-Index & Metrics

Biology and Biochemistry

D-Index
79
Citations
34806
World Ranking
4211
National Ranking
2059

Thomas Spies publication distribution in Biology and Biochemistry in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Biology and Biochemistry in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Thomas Spies sits on this spectrum.

47–56 publications: 8 scientists 57–66 publications: 35 scientists 67–76 publications: 106 scientists 77–86 publications: 231 scientists 87–96 publications: 414 scientists 97–106 publications: 546 scientists 107–116 publications: 704 scientists 117–126 publications: 849 scientists 127–136 publications: 980 scientists 137–146 publications: 942 scientists 147–156 publications: 969 scientists 157–166 publications: 950 scientists 167–176 publications: 951 scientists 177–186 publications: 915 scientists 187–196 publications: 787 scientists 197–206 publications: 841 scientists 207–216 publications: 735 scientists 217–226 publications: 709 scientists 227–236 publications: 651 scientists 237–246 publications: 605 scientists 247–256 publications: 510 scientists 257–266 publications: 524 scientists 267–276 publications: 434 scientists 277–286 publications: 418 scientists 287–296 publications: 350 scientists 297–306 publications: 363 scientists 307–316 publications: 315 scientists 317–326 publications: 296 scientists 327–336 publications: 261 scientists 337–346 publications: 240 scientists 347–356 publications: 219 scientists 357–366 publications: 197 scientists 367–376 publications: 154 scientists 377–386 publications: 161 scientists 387–396 publications: 155 scientists 397–406 publications: 145 scientists 407–416 publications: 124 scientists 417–426 publications: 112 scientists 427–436 publications: 132 scientists 437–446 publications: 116 scientists 447–456 publications: 99 scientists 457–466 publications: 81 scientists 467–476 publications: 91 scientists 477–486 publications: 80 scientists 487–496 publications: 80 scientists 497–506 publications: 60 scientists 507–516 publications: 36 scientists 517–526 publications: 46 scientists 527–536 publications: 54 scientists 537–546 publications: 44 scientists 547–556 publications: 43 scientists 557–566 publications: 43 scientists 567–576 publications: 42 scientists 577–586 publications: 25 scientists 587–596 publications: 34 scientists 597–606 publications: 23 scientists 607–616 publications: 33 scientists 617–626 publications: 31 scientists 627–636 publications: 27 scientists 637–646 publications: 25 scientists 647–656 publications: 28 scientists 657–666 publications: 34 scientists 667–676 publications: 18 scientists 677–686 publications: 16 scientists 687–696 publications: 10 scientists 697–706 publications: 12 scientists 707–716 publications: 21 scientists 717–726 publications: 12 scientists 727–736 publications: 12 scientists 737–746 publications: 10 scientists 747–756 publications: 7 scientists 757–766 publications: 13 scientists 767–776 publications: 15 scientists 777–786 publications: 13 scientists 787–796 publications: 9 scientists 797–806 publications: 9 scientists 807–816 publications: 7 scientists 817–826 publications: 4 scientists 827–836 publications: 9 scientists 837–846 publications: 7 scientists 847–856 publications: 3 scientists 857–866 publications: 5 scientists 867–876 publications: 5 scientists 877–886 publications: 11 scientists 887–896 publications: 3 scientists 897–906 publications: 4 scientists 907–916 publications: 7 scientists 917–926 publications: 5 scientists 927–936 publications: 6 scientists 937–946 publications: 6 scientists 947–956 publications: 3 scientists 957–966 publications: 7 scientists 967–976 publications: 2 scientists 977–986 publications: 2 scientists 987–996 publications: 1 scientists 997–1,006 publications: 5 scientists 1,007–1,016 publications: 2 scientists 1,017–1,026 publications: 2 scientists 1,027 publications: 1 scientists 1,028+ publications: 100 scientists
47 publications 1,028+

This scientist: 150 publications — 27th percentile

27% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 1,028 publications or more.

Thomas Spies D-index placement in Biology and Biochemistry in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Biology and Biochemistry scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Thomas Spies sits on this spectrum.

40–41 D-Index: 80 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 183 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 317 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 504 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 718 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 900 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 1,026 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 1,150 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 1,236 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 1,253 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 1,163 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 1,131 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 1,032 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 897 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 814 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 715 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 709 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 596 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 512 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 473 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 412 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 373 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 358 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 285 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 273 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 227 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 208 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 193 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 153 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 157 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 148 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 120 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 113 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 100 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 86 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 67 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 72 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 73 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 64 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 53 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 60 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 54 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 43 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 38 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 49 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 26 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 18 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 23 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 32 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 32 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 27 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 19 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 22 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 12 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 16 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 14 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 10 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 13 scientists 156–157 D-Index: 10 scientists 158–159 D-Index: 7 scientists 160–161 D-Index: 9 scientists 162–163 D-Index: 13 scientists 164–165 D-Index: 4 scientists 166 D-Index: 4 scientists 167+ D-Index: 98 scientists
40 D-Index 167+

This scientist: 79 D-Index — 79th percentile

79% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 167 D-Index or more.

Research.com Recognitions

  • 1941 - Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Overview

What is he best known for?

The fields of study he is best known for:

  • Gene
  • DNA
  • Immune system

Thomas Spies spends much of his time researching Cell biology, NKG2D, Natural killer cell, Major histocompatibility complex and Immunology. Thomas Spies has included themes like Natural killer T cell, MHC class I and Antigen presentation in his Cell biology study. NKG2D is a subfield of Cytotoxic T cell that Thomas Spies investigates.

His work carried out in the field of Natural killer cell brings together such families of science as CD8 and Effector. He regularly ties together related areas like Molecular biology in his Major histocompatibility complex studies. His work in the fields of Immunology, such as Interleukin 21 and CTL*, overlaps with other areas such as Mica, Ligand and Monomer.

His most cited work include:

  • Activation of NK cells and T cells by NKG2D, a receptor for stress-inducible MICA. (2501 citations)
  • Tumour-derived soluble MIC ligands impair expression of NKG2D and T-cell activation (1266 citations)
  • An activating immunoreceptor complex formed by NKG2D and DAP10. (929 citations)

What are the main themes of his work throughout his whole career to date?

The scientist’s investigation covers issues in NKG2D, MHC class I, Major histocompatibility complex, Genetics and Immunology. His NKG2D research is multidisciplinary, relying on both Natural killer cell, Interleukin 21, IL-2 receptor and Lymphocyte. His MHC class I research incorporates themes from Molecular biology and Cell biology.

His work focuses on many connections between Cell biology and other disciplines, such as CD8, that overlap with his field of interest in Immune receptor. He has researched Major histocompatibility complex in several fields, including Peptide sequence, Internal medicine and Histocompatibility. His research integrates issues of Cancer, Cancer research and Interleukin 15 in his study of Immunology.

He most often published in these fields:

  • NKG2D (34.19%)
  • MHC class I (33.33%)
  • Major histocompatibility complex (29.91%)

What were the highlights of his more recent work (between 2006-2017)?

  • NKG2D (34.19%)
  • Immunology (29.06%)
  • Cell biology (28.21%)

In recent papers he was focusing on the following fields of study:

Thomas Spies mostly deals with NKG2D, Immunology, Cell biology, Cancer research and Immune system. His NKG2D study combines topics in areas such as Natural killer cell, Molecular biology, Cytolysis, Regulation of gene expression and Effector. His study in Natural killer cell is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing from both Adenoviridae, Viral vector and CD8.

His biological study spans a wide range of topics, including Cytotoxic T cell and Interleukin 15. His Cell biology research is multidisciplinary, incorporating elements of Major histocompatibility complex and Nkg2d ligands. The Major histocompatibility complex study combines topics in areas such as Protein structure and Internal medicine.

Between 2006 and 2017, his most popular works were:

  • Disulphide-isomerase-enabled shedding of tumour-associated NKG2D ligands (298 citations)
  • Promoter Region Architecture and Transcriptional Regulation of the Genes for the MHC Class I-Related Chain A and B Ligands of NKG2D (165 citations)
  • Normally occurring NKG2D+CD4+ T cells are immunosuppressive and inversely correlated with disease activity in juvenile-onset lupus (89 citations)

In his most recent research, the most cited papers focused on:

  • Gene
  • DNA
  • Immune system

His primary scientific interests are in NKG2D, Immunology, Cytotoxic T cell, Major histocompatibility complex and Cell biology. His NKG2D research is multidisciplinary, incorporating perspectives in Promoter, Regulation of gene expression, Transcriptional regulation and Molecular biology. Many of his research projects under Immunology are closely connected to Phospholipase A2 with Phospholipase A2, tying the diverse disciplines of science together.

As part of his studies on Cytotoxic T cell, Thomas Spies often connects relevant subjects like T cell. His Major histocompatibility complex research includes elements of Natural killer cell, Adenoviridae, Cell culture and Virology. His work on Effector, Endoplasmic reticulum and Protein disulfide-isomerase as part of general Cell biology research is frequently linked to Population, thereby connecting diverse disciplines of science.

Best Publications

  • Activation of NK Cells and T Cells by NKG2D, a Receptor for Stress-Inducible MICA

    Stefan Bauer;Veronika Groh;Jun Wu;Alexander Steinle

  • Tumour-derived soluble MIC ligands impair expression of NKG2D and T-cell activation

    Veronika Groh;Jennifer Wu;Cassian Yee;Thomas Spies

  • Recognition of Stress-Induced MHC Molecules by Intestinal Epithelial γδ T Cells

    Veronika Groh;Alexander Steinle;Stefan Bauer;Thomas Spies

  • Broad tumor-associated expression and recognition by tumor-derived γδ T cells of MICA and MICB

    Veronika Groh;Rebecca Rhinehart;Heather Secrist;Stefan Bauer

  • Complete sequence and gene map of a human major histocompatibility complex

    S Beck;D Geraghty;H Inoko;L Rowen

  • Costimulation of CD8alphabeta T cells by NKG2D via engagement by MIC induced on virus-infected cells.

    Veronika Groh;Rebecca Rhinehart;Julie Randolph-Habecker;Max S. Topp

  • An activating immunoreceptor complex formed by NKG2D and DAP10.

    Jun Wu;Yaoli Song;Alexander B. H. Bakker;Stefan Bauer

  • Coordinated Induction by IL15 of a TCR-Independent NKG2D Signaling Pathway Converts CTL into Lymphokine-Activated Killer Cells in Celiac Disease

    Bertrand Meresse;Zhangguo Chen;Cezary Ciszewski;Maria Tretiakova

  • Roles for Calreticulin and a Novel Glycoprotein, Tapasin, in the Interaction of MHC Class I Molecules with TAP

    Bhanu Sadasivan;Paul J Lehner;Bodo Ortmann;Thomas Spies

  • A gene in the human major histocompatibility complex class II region controlling the class I antigen presentation pathway

    Thomas Spies;Maureen Bresnahan;Seiamak Bahrain;Daniele Arnold

  • A critical role for tapasin in the assembly and function of multimeric MHC class I-TAP complexes.

    Bodo Ortmann;James Copeman;Paul J. Lehner;Bhanu Sadasivan

  • Interactions of human NKG2D with its ligands MICA, MICB, and homologs of the mouse RAE-1 protein family

    Alexander Steinle;Pingwei Li;Daniel L. Morris;Veronika Groh

  • Restored expression of major histocompatibility class I molecules by gene transfer of a putative peptide transporter.

    Thomas Spies;Robert DeMars

  • MICA Engagement by Human Vγ2Vδ2 T Cells Enhances Their Antigen-Dependent Effector Function

    Hiranmoy Das;Veronika Groh;Coen Kuijl;Masahiko Sugita

  • Complex structure of the activating immunoreceptor NKG2D and its MHC class I-like ligand MICA.

    Pingwei Li;Daniel L. Morris;Benjamin E. Willcox;Alexander Steinle;Alexander Steinle

  • Disulphide-isomerase-enabled shedding of tumour-associated NKG2D ligands

    Brett K Kaiser;Daesong Yim;I-Ting Chow;Segundo Gonzalez;Segundo Gonzalez

  • Linkage map of the human major histocompatibility complex including the tumor necrosis factor genes

    Michael C. Carroll;Philip Katzman;Elizabeth M. Alicot;Beverly H. Koller

  • Presentation of viral antigen by MHC class I molecules is dependent on a putative peptide transporter heterodimer

    Thomas Spies;Vincenzo Cerundolo;Marco Colonna;Peter Cresswell

  • Peptidase activities of proteasomes are differentially regulated by the major histocompatibility complex-encoded genes for LMP2 and LMP7.

    Maria E Gaczynska;Kenneth L. Rock;Thomas Spies;Alfred L. Goldberg

  • Genes for the tumor necrosis factors alpha and beta are linked to the human major histocompatibility complex.

    Thomas Spies;Cynthia C. Morton;Sergei A. Nedospasov;Walter Fiers

Frequent Co-Authors

Veronika Groh
Veronika Groh Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Jack L. Strominger
Jack L. Strominger Harvard University
Roland K. Strong
Roland K. Strong Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Peter Cresswell
Peter Cresswell Yale University
Seiamak Bahram
Seiamak Bahram University of Strasbourg
Alexander Steinle
Alexander Steinle Goethe University Frankfurt
Jeremy M. Boss
Jeremy M. Boss Emory University
Lewis L. Lanier
Lewis L. Lanier University of California, San Francisco
Marco Colonna
Marco Colonna Washington University in St. Louis
Stanley R. Riddell
Stanley R. Riddell University of Washington

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