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Mark H. Bickhard

Mark H. Bickhard

D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Social Sciences and Humanities 42 4718 4365 2238 2033 158 8083

Mark H. Bickhard publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Mark H. Bickhard between 1976 and 2026, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Mark H. Bickhard published across 51 years, from 1976 to 2026, averaging 3.4 papers a year. Output peaked at 14 publications in 2024. 1 of the 175 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
5 10
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1976 to 2026. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 14. Peak 14 publications in 2024. 1976: 1 publication 1977: 0 publications 1978: 1 publication 1979: 2 publications 1980: 1 publication 1981: 0 publications 1982: 1 publication 1983: 2 publications 1984: 0 publications 1985: 1 publication 1986: 9 publications 1987: 1 publication 1988: 2 publications 1989: 3 publications 1990: 0 publications 1991: 3 publications 1992: 5 publications 1993: 4 publications 1994: 2 publications 1995: 4 publications 1996: 5 publications 1997: 5 publications 1998: 3 publications 1999: 3 publications 2000: 4 publications 2001: 6 publications 2002: 4 publications 2003: 9 publications 2004: 7 publications 2005: 3 publications 2006: 1 publication 2007: 5 publications 2008: 5 publications 2009: 5 publications 2010: 1 publication 2011: 11 publications 2012: 5 publications 2013: 5 publications 2014: 2 publications 2015: 5 publications 2016: 4 publications 2017: 4 publications 2018: 4 publications 2019: 4 publications 2020: 1 publication 2021: 4 publications 2022: 2 publications 2023: 1 publication 2024: 14 publications 2025: 0 publications 2026: 1 publication
1976 2026

175 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Mark H. Bickhard: publications per year, 1976 to 2026
Year Publications
1976 1
1977 0
1978 1
1979 2
1980 1
1981 0
1982 1
1983 2
1984 0
1985 1
1986 9
1987 1
1988 2
1989 3
1990 0
1991 3
1992 5
1993 4
1994 2
1995 4
1996 5
1997 5
1998 3
1999 3
2000 4
2001 6
2002 4
2003 9
2004 7
2005 3
2006 1
2007 5
2008 5
2009 5
2010 1
2011 11
2012 5
2013 5
2014 2
2015 5
2016 4
2017 4
2018 4
2019 4
2020 1
2021 4
2022 2
2023 1
2024 14
2025 0
2026 1
Total 175
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Mark H. Bickhard publication distribution in Social Sciences and Humanities in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Social Sciences and Humanities in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Mark H. Bickhard sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
100 200 300 400
Bar chart with 54 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 44–53 to 570+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 474. Most scientists, 474, have 114–123 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 570 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 154–163 publications, is where this scientist sits. 44–53 publications: 28 scientists 54–63 publications: 61 scientists 64–73 publications: 161 scientists 74–83 publications: 225 scientists 84–93 publications: 301 scientists 94–103 publications: 390 scientists 104–113 publications: 406 scientists 114–123 publications: 474 scientists 124–133 publications: 453 scientists 134–143 publications: 434 scientists 144–153 publications: 407 scientists 154–163 publications: 411 scientists 164–173 publications: 391 scientists 174–183 publications: 313 scientists 184–193 publications: 319 scientists 194–203 publications: 304 scientists 204–213 publications: 285 scientists 214–223 publications: 246 scientists 224–233 publications: 213 scientists 234–243 publications: 170 scientists 244–253 publications: 167 scientists 254–263 publications: 162 scientists 264–273 publications: 138 scientists 274–283 publications: 138 scientists 284–293 publications: 113 scientists 294–303 publications: 106 scientists 304–313 publications: 95 scientists 314–323 publications: 101 scientists 324–333 publications: 81 scientists 334–343 publications: 69 scientists 344–353 publications: 56 scientists 354–363 publications: 36 scientists 364–373 publications: 42 scientists 374–383 publications: 41 scientists 384–393 publications: 44 scientists 394–403 publications: 27 scientists 404–413 publications: 30 scientists 414–423 publications: 20 scientists 424–433 publications: 29 scientists 434–443 publications: 29 scientists 444–453 publications: 25 scientists 454–463 publications: 19 scientists 464–473 publications: 21 scientists 474–483 publications: 11 scientists 484–493 publications: 17 scientists 494–503 publications: 7 scientists 504–513 publications: 6 scientists 514–523 publications: 12 scientists 524–533 publications: 10 scientists 534–543 publications: 7 scientists 544–553 publications: 6 scientists 554–563 publications: 12 scientists 564–569 publications: 8 scientists 570+ publications: 100 scientists
44–53 publications 570+

This scientist: 158 publications — 46th percentile

46% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 570 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Social Sciences and Humanities scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 7,777 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
44–53 28
54–63 61
64–73 161
74–83 225
84–93 301
94–103 390
104–113 406
114–123 474
124–133 453
134–143 434
144–153 407
154–163 411 158
164–173 391
174–183 313
184–193 319
194–203 304
204–213 285
214–223 246
224–233 213
234–243 170
244–253 167
254–263 162
264–273 138
274–283 138
284–293 113
294–303 106
304–313 95
314–323 101
324–333 81
334–343 69
344–353 56
354–363 36
364–373 42
374–383 41
384–393 44
394–403 27
404–413 30
414–423 20
424–433 29
434–443 29
444–453 25
454–463 19
464–473 21
474–483 11
484–493 17
494–503 7
504–513 6
514–523 12
524–533 10
534–543 7
544–553 6
554–563 12
564–569 8
570+ 100
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Mark H. Bickhard D-index placement in Social Sciences and Humanities in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Social Sciences and Humanities scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Mark H. Bickhard sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
100 200 300
Bar chart with 71 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 30 to 100+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 313. Most scientists, 313, have 42 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 100 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 42 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 30 D-Index: 177 scientists 31 D-Index: 210 scientists 32 D-Index: 222 scientists 33 D-Index: 188 scientists 34 D-Index: 181 scientists 35 D-Index: 243 scientists 36 D-Index: 261 scientists 37 D-Index: 272 scientists 38 D-Index: 278 scientists 39 D-Index: 300 scientists 40 D-Index: 297 scientists 41 D-Index: 308 scientists 42 D-Index: 313 scientists 43 D-Index: 300 scientists 44 D-Index: 269 scientists 45 D-Index: 260 scientists 46 D-Index: 228 scientists 47 D-Index: 251 scientists 48 D-Index: 203 scientists 49 D-Index: 186 scientists 50 D-Index: 187 scientists 51 D-Index: 166 scientists 52 D-Index: 138 scientists 53 D-Index: 141 scientists 54 D-Index: 131 scientists 55 D-Index: 137 scientists 56 D-Index: 109 scientists 57 D-Index: 129 scientists 58 D-Index: 95 scientists 59 D-Index: 105 scientists 60 D-Index: 106 scientists 61 D-Index: 86 scientists 62 D-Index: 94 scientists 63 D-Index: 77 scientists 64 D-Index: 79 scientists 65 D-Index: 59 scientists 66 D-Index: 68 scientists 67 D-Index: 51 scientists 68 D-Index: 49 scientists 69 D-Index: 40 scientists 70 D-Index: 43 scientists 71 D-Index: 40 scientists 72 D-Index: 50 scientists 73 D-Index: 46 scientists 74 D-Index: 43 scientists 75 D-Index: 45 scientists 76 D-Index: 45 scientists 77 D-Index: 30 scientists 78 D-Index: 25 scientists 79 D-Index: 31 scientists 80 D-Index: 29 scientists 81 D-Index: 18 scientists 82 D-Index: 21 scientists 83 D-Index: 26 scientists 84 D-Index: 15 scientists 85 D-Index: 15 scientists 86 D-Index: 19 scientists 87 D-Index: 19 scientists 88 D-Index: 12 scientists 89 D-Index: 7 scientists 90 D-Index: 19 scientists 91 D-Index: 20 scientists 92 D-Index: 13 scientists 93 D-Index: 9 scientists 94 D-Index: 13 scientists 95 D-Index: 8 scientists 96 D-Index: 7 scientists 97 D-Index: 6 scientists 98 D-Index: 6 scientists 99 D-Index: 6 scientists 100+ D-Index: 97 scientists
30 D-Index 100+

This scientist: 42 D-Index — 42nd percentile

42% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 100 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Social Sciences and Humanities scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 7,777 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
30 177
31 210
32 222
33 188
34 181
35 243
36 261
37 272
38 278
39 300
40 297
41 308
42 313 42
43 300
44 269
45 260
46 228
47 251
48 203
49 186
50 187
51 166
52 138
53 141
54 131
55 137
56 109
57 129
58 95
59 105
60 106
61 86
62 94
63 77
64 79
65 59
66 68
67 51
68 49
69 40
70 43
71 40
72 50
73 46
74 43
75 45
76 45
77 30
78 25
79 31
80 29
81 18
82 21
83 26
84 15
85 15
86 19
87 19
88 12
89 7
90 19
91 20
92 13
93 9
94 13
95 8
96 7
97 6
98 6
99 6
100+ 97
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Research.com Recognitions

  • 2015 - Fellow of the American Psychological Association (APA)

Overview

Mark H. Bickhard is affiliated with Lehigh University in the United States. Their research spans multiple interconnected fields, primarily focusing on psychology and neuroscience, with significant contributions to physics and astronomy as well.

The main fields of study in their work include:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Physics and Astronomy

Bickhard's work delves into specific subfields such as cognitive neuroscience, developmental and educational psychology, history and philosophy of science, social psychology, as well as astronomy and astrophysics. This range reflects a multidisciplinary approach integrating cognitive and developmental perspectives with the philosophical underpinnings of science.

Their research topics prominently feature:

  • Embodied and Extended Cognition
  • Philosophy and History of Science
  • Child and Animal Learning Development
  • Origins and Evolution of Life
  • Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
  • Social Representations and Identity
  • Quantum Mechanics and Applications

Bickhard has published in various academic venues including:

  • New Ideas in Psychology
  • Human Development
  • Cognitive Development
  • Metaphysica
  • Frontiers in Developmental Psychology

Their recent scholarly papers are:

  • Conventional minds: An interactivist perspective on social cognition and its enculturation, 2021, New Ideas in Psychology
  • Emergent Constructivism: Theoretical and Methodological Considerations, 2022, Human Development
  • Age 4 transitions: Reflection as a domain-general development for explicit reasoning, 2021, Cognitive Development
  • Encultured minds, not error reduction minds, 2020, Behavioral and Brain Sciences
  • On Emergence, Again, 2023, Metaphysica

The collaborative nature of Bickhard's research is reflected in frequent coauthors such as Robert Mirski, Jedediah W.P. Allen, Bartuğ Çelik, Francesco Maria Ferrari, and David Eck, with multiple publications produced alongside Mirski and Allen.

In recognition of their contributions to psychology, Bickhard received the designation of Fellow of the American Psychological Association in 2015.

Best Publications

  • Foundational Issues in Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science: Impasse and Solution

    Mark H. Bickhard;Loren Terveen

  • Knowing Levels and Developmental Stages

    Robert L. Campbell;Mark H. Bickhard

  • Representational content in humans and machines

    Mark H. Bickhard

  • On the Nature of Representation: A Case Study of James Gibson's Theory of Perception

    Mark H. Bickhard;D. Michael Richie

  • The Process Dynamics of Normative Function

    Wayne David Christensen;Mark H. Bickhard

  • Cognition, Convention, and Communication.

    Mark H. Bickhard

  • The interactivist model

    Mark H. Bickhard

  • How Does the Environment Affect the Person

    Mark H. Bickhard

  • Interactivism and genetic epistemology

    M. H. Bickhard;R. L. Campbell

  • Autonomy, function, and representation

    Mark H. Bickhard

  • The Nature of Developmental Stages

    Mark H. Bickhard

  • The Mind's Staircase

    Mark H. Bickhard;Robbie Case

  • Part II: Applications of Process-Based Theories: Process and Emergence: Normative Function and Representation

    Mark H. Bickhard

  • Levels of representationality

    Mark H. Bickhard

  • Stepping off the pendulum: Why only an action-based approach can transcend the nativist–empiricist debate.

    Jedediah W.P. Allen;Mark H. Bickhard

  • Types of constraints on development: An interactivist approach

    Robert L Campbell;Mark H Bickhard

  • Some foundational questions concerning language studies: With a focus on categorial grammars and model-theoretic possible worlds semantics

    Mark H. Bickhard;Robert L. Campbell

  • A Deconstruction of Fodor’s Anticonstructivism

    Robert L. Campbell;Mark H. Bickhard

  • Interactivism: A manifesto

    Mark H. Bickhard

  • Topologies of learning and development

    Mark H. Bickhard;Robert L. Campbell

  • Piaget on Variation and Selection Models: Structuralism, Logical Necessity, and Interactivism

    Mark H. Bickhard

Frequent Co-Authors

Jack Martin
Jack Martin Simon Fraser University
Loren Terveen
Loren Terveen University of Minnesota
Robert G. Cooper
Robert G. Cooper McMaster University
Donald T. Campbell
Donald T. Campbell Lehigh University

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