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D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Social Sciences and Humanities 43 4274 3947 172 162 194 14757
Engineering and Technology 35 8852 8532 171 164 128 12519

Ismael Rafols publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Ismael Rafols between 1992 and 2025, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Ismael Rafols published across 34 years, from 1992 to 2025, averaging 7.1 papers a year. Output peaked at 27 publications in 2016. 17 of the 241 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
5 10 15 20 25
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1992 to 2025. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 27. Peak 27 publications in 2016. 1992: 2 publications 1993: 0 publications 1994: 1 publication 1995: 5 publications 1996: 0 publications 1997: 1 publication 1998: 3 publications 1999: 0 publications 2000: 1 publication 2001: 2 publications 2002: 0 publications 2003: 0 publications 2004: 0 publications 2005: 0 publications 2006: 2 publications 2007: 4 publications 2008: 2 publications 2009: 12 publications 2010: 10 publications 2011: 10 publications 2012: 11 publications 2013: 24 publications 2014: 15 publications 2015: 18 publications 2016: 27 publications 2017: 19 publications 2018: 11 publications 2019: 11 publications 2020: 10 publications 2021: 6 publications 2022: 10 publications 2023: 7 publications 2024: 11 publications 2025: 6 publications
1992 2025

241 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Ismael Rafols: publications per year, 1992 to 2025
Year Publications
1992 2
1993 0
1994 1
1995 5
1996 0
1997 1
1998 3
1999 0
2000 1
2001 2
2002 0
2003 0
2004 0
2005 0
2006 2
2007 4
2008 2
2009 12
2010 10
2011 10
2012 11
2013 24
2014 15
2015 18
2016 27
2017 19
2018 11
2019 11
2020 10
2021 6
2022 10
2023 7
2024 11
2025 6
Total 241
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Ismael Rafols publications per year - data summary

  • Ismael Rafols, a Social Sciences and Humanities scholar from Leiden University, has 241 publications recorded across 34 years, from 1992 to 2025.
  • The oldest publication on record dates to 1992 and the most recent to 2025.
  • The most productive year is 2016, with 27 publications.
  • The least productive years with any output are 1994, 1997 and 2000, with 1 publication each.
  • 7 of the 34 years in the span carry no publications at all (1993, 1996, 1999, 2002 and others).
  • The rate of publication averages 7.1 papers per year over the whole span, or 8.9 per year counting only the 27 years with at least one publication.
  • The last 5 years on the chart (2021-2025) hold 40 publications, 17% of the career total.
  • Split into equal eras - 1992-2003: 15 publications (1.3 per year); 2004-2015: 108 publications (9.0 per year); 2016-2025: 118 publications (11.8 per year).
  • Comparing the opening and closing eras, the overall trend of publication is rising.

Ismael Rafols publication distribution in Social Sciences and Humanities in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Social Sciences and Humanities in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Ismael Rafols sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
100 200 300 400
Bar chart with 54 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 44–53 to 570+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 474. Most scientists, 474, have 114–123 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 570 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 194–203 publications, is where this scientist sits. 44–53 publications: 28 scientists 54–63 publications: 61 scientists 64–73 publications: 161 scientists 74–83 publications: 225 scientists 84–93 publications: 301 scientists 94–103 publications: 390 scientists 104–113 publications: 406 scientists 114–123 publications: 474 scientists 124–133 publications: 453 scientists 134–143 publications: 434 scientists 144–153 publications: 407 scientists 154–163 publications: 411 scientists 164–173 publications: 391 scientists 174–183 publications: 313 scientists 184–193 publications: 319 scientists 194–203 publications: 304 scientists 204–213 publications: 285 scientists 214–223 publications: 246 scientists 224–233 publications: 213 scientists 234–243 publications: 170 scientists 244–253 publications: 167 scientists 254–263 publications: 162 scientists 264–273 publications: 138 scientists 274–283 publications: 138 scientists 284–293 publications: 113 scientists 294–303 publications: 106 scientists 304–313 publications: 95 scientists 314–323 publications: 101 scientists 324–333 publications: 81 scientists 334–343 publications: 69 scientists 344–353 publications: 56 scientists 354–363 publications: 36 scientists 364–373 publications: 42 scientists 374–383 publications: 41 scientists 384–393 publications: 44 scientists 394–403 publications: 27 scientists 404–413 publications: 30 scientists 414–423 publications: 20 scientists 424–433 publications: 29 scientists 434–443 publications: 29 scientists 444–453 publications: 25 scientists 454–463 publications: 19 scientists 464–473 publications: 21 scientists 474–483 publications: 11 scientists 484–493 publications: 17 scientists 494–503 publications: 7 scientists 504–513 publications: 6 scientists 514–523 publications: 12 scientists 524–533 publications: 10 scientists 534–543 publications: 7 scientists 544–553 publications: 6 scientists 554–563 publications: 12 scientists 564–569 publications: 8 scientists 570+ publications: 100 scientists
44–53 publications 570+

This scientist: 194 publications — 62nd percentile

62% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 570 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Social Sciences and Humanities scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 7,777 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
44–53 28
54–63 61
64–73 161
74–83 225
84–93 301
94–103 390
104–113 406
114–123 474
124–133 453
134–143 434
144–153 407
154–163 411
164–173 391
174–183 313
184–193 319
194–203 304 194
204–213 285
214–223 246
224–233 213
234–243 170
244–253 167
254–263 162
264–273 138
274–283 138
284–293 113
294–303 106
304–313 95
314–323 101
324–333 81
334–343 69
344–353 56
354–363 36
364–373 42
374–383 41
384–393 44
394–403 27
404–413 30
414–423 20
424–433 29
434–443 29
444–453 25
454–463 19
464–473 21
474–483 11
484–493 17
494–503 7
504–513 6
514–523 12
524–533 10
534–543 7
544–553 6
554–563 12
564–569 8
570+ 100
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Ismael Rafols publication distribution in Social Sciences and Humanities in 2026 - data summary

  • The chart plots the publication count of all 7,777 Social Sciences and Humanities scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026, grouped into 54 ranges running from 44–53 to 570+ publications.
  • Ismael Rafols, a Social Sciences and Humanities scholar from Leiden University, records 194 publications - the 62nd percentile of the discipline.
  • 62% of ranked Social Sciences and Humanities scientists score the same or lower than Ismael Rafols, and about 38% score higher.
  • The median of the discipline falls in the 164–173 publications range, and Ismael Rafols ranks above the median.
  • The most crowded range is 114–123 publications, holding 474 scientists (6% of the field).
  • 57% of the field sits in the lowest quarter of the value range (up to 174–183 publications), so the distribution is heavily right-skewed and high scores are rare.
  • The final bar has no upper bound: it groups every scientist with 570 publications or more, 100 scientists in all (1% of the field).

Ismael Rafols D-index placement in Social Sciences and Humanities in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Social Sciences and Humanities scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Ismael Rafols sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
100 200 300
Bar chart with 71 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 30 to 100+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 313. Most scientists, 313, have 42 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 100 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 43 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 30 D-Index: 177 scientists 31 D-Index: 210 scientists 32 D-Index: 222 scientists 33 D-Index: 188 scientists 34 D-Index: 181 scientists 35 D-Index: 243 scientists 36 D-Index: 261 scientists 37 D-Index: 272 scientists 38 D-Index: 278 scientists 39 D-Index: 300 scientists 40 D-Index: 297 scientists 41 D-Index: 308 scientists 42 D-Index: 313 scientists 43 D-Index: 300 scientists 44 D-Index: 269 scientists 45 D-Index: 260 scientists 46 D-Index: 228 scientists 47 D-Index: 251 scientists 48 D-Index: 203 scientists 49 D-Index: 186 scientists 50 D-Index: 187 scientists 51 D-Index: 166 scientists 52 D-Index: 138 scientists 53 D-Index: 141 scientists 54 D-Index: 131 scientists 55 D-Index: 137 scientists 56 D-Index: 109 scientists 57 D-Index: 129 scientists 58 D-Index: 95 scientists 59 D-Index: 105 scientists 60 D-Index: 106 scientists 61 D-Index: 86 scientists 62 D-Index: 94 scientists 63 D-Index: 77 scientists 64 D-Index: 79 scientists 65 D-Index: 59 scientists 66 D-Index: 68 scientists 67 D-Index: 51 scientists 68 D-Index: 49 scientists 69 D-Index: 40 scientists 70 D-Index: 43 scientists 71 D-Index: 40 scientists 72 D-Index: 50 scientists 73 D-Index: 46 scientists 74 D-Index: 43 scientists 75 D-Index: 45 scientists 76 D-Index: 45 scientists 77 D-Index: 30 scientists 78 D-Index: 25 scientists 79 D-Index: 31 scientists 80 D-Index: 29 scientists 81 D-Index: 18 scientists 82 D-Index: 21 scientists 83 D-Index: 26 scientists 84 D-Index: 15 scientists 85 D-Index: 15 scientists 86 D-Index: 19 scientists 87 D-Index: 19 scientists 88 D-Index: 12 scientists 89 D-Index: 7 scientists 90 D-Index: 19 scientists 91 D-Index: 20 scientists 92 D-Index: 13 scientists 93 D-Index: 9 scientists 94 D-Index: 13 scientists 95 D-Index: 8 scientists 96 D-Index: 7 scientists 97 D-Index: 6 scientists 98 D-Index: 6 scientists 99 D-Index: 6 scientists 100+ D-Index: 97 scientists
30 D-Index 100+

This scientist: 43 D-Index — 46th percentile

46% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 100 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Social Sciences and Humanities scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 7,777 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
30 177
31 210
32 222
33 188
34 181
35 243
36 261
37 272
38 278
39 300
40 297
41 308
42 313
43 300 43
44 269
45 260
46 228
47 251
48 203
49 186
50 187
51 166
52 138
53 141
54 131
55 137
56 109
57 129
58 95
59 105
60 106
61 86
62 94
63 77
64 79
65 59
66 68
67 51
68 49
69 40
70 43
71 40
72 50
73 46
74 43
75 45
76 45
77 30
78 25
79 31
80 29
81 18
82 21
83 26
84 15
85 15
86 19
87 19
88 12
89 7
90 19
91 20
92 13
93 9
94 13
95 8
96 7
97 6
98 6
99 6
100+ 97
Download as CSV

Ismael Rafols D-index placement in Social Sciences and Humanities in 2026 - data summary

  • The chart plots the discipline H-index (D-index) of all 7,777 Social Sciences and Humanities scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026, grouped into 71 ranges running from 30 to 100+ D-Index.
  • Ismael Rafols, a Social Sciences and Humanities scholar from Leiden University, records 43 D-Index - the 46th percentile of the discipline.
  • 46% of ranked Social Sciences and Humanities scientists score the same or lower than Ismael Rafols, and about 54% score higher.
  • The median of the discipline falls in the 45 D-Index range, and Ismael Rafols ranks below the median.
  • The most crowded range is 42 D-Index, holding 313 scientists (4% of the field).
  • 59% of the field sits in the lowest quarter of the value range (up to 47 D-Index), so the distribution is heavily right-skewed and high scores are rare.
  • The final bar has no upper bound: it groups every scientist with 100 D-Index or more, 97 scientists in all (1% of the field).

Overview

Ismael Rafols is affiliated with Leiden University in the Netherlands. Their research primarily focuses on decision sciences, with a notable emphasis on the fields of statistics, probability and uncertainty, as well as economics and econometrics. Additional subfields include public health, environmental and occupational health, sociology and political science, and information systems.

Their work spans several key topics, including scientometrics and bibliometrics research, research data management practices, global public health policies and epidemiology, psychology research and bibliometrics, health and medical research impacts, computational and text analysis methods, and health systems, economic evaluations, and quality of life.

Ismael Rafols has published regularly in several academic outlets. The frequent publication venues include:

  • Scientometrics
  • Quantitative Science Studies
  • Nature
  • Health Research Policy and Systems
  • El Profesional de la Informacion

Notable recent papers authored or coauthored by Rafols reflect a range of interdisciplinary topics and are as follows:

  • "Five ways to ensure that models serve society: a manifesto," 2020, Nature
  • "Exploring why global health needs are unmet by research efforts: the potential influences of geography, industry and publication incentives," 2020, Health Research Policy and Systems
  • "Letter: A call for a radical change in research evaluation in Spain," 2021, El Profesional de la Informacion
  • "Do synthesis centers synthesize? A semantic analysis of topical diversity in research," 2020, Research Policy
  • "Bridging the divide between qualitative and quantitative science studies," 2020, Quantitative Science Studies

Their frequent coauthors include Alfredo Yegros, Andy Stirling, Jordi Molas-Gallart, Wouter van de Klippe, and Emilio Delgado López-Cózar.

Best Publications

  • Bibliometrics: The Leiden Manifesto for research metrics

    Diana Hicks;Paul Wouters;Ludo Waltman;Sarah de Rijcke

  • Is science becoming more interdisciplinary? Measuring and mapping six research fields over time

    Alan L. Porter;Ismael Rafols

  • Approaches to understanding and measuring interdisciplinary scientific research (IDR): A review of the literature

    Caroline S. Wagner;J. David Roessner;Kamau Bobb;Julie Thompson Klein

  • Diversity and network coherence as indicators of interdisciplinarity: case studies in bionanoscience

    Ismael Rafols;Martin S. Meyer;Martin S. Meyer;Martin S. Meyer

  • A global map of science based on the ISI subject categories

    Loet Leydesdorff;Ismael Rafols

  • How journal rankings can suppress interdisciplinary research: A comparison between Innovation Studies and Business & Management

    Ismael Rafols;Ismael Rafols;Loet Leydesdorff;Alice O'Hare;Paul Nightingale

  • Science overlay maps: A new tool for research policy and library management

    Ismael Rafols;Alan L. Porter;Loet Leydesdorff

  • Five ways to ensure that models serve society: a manifesto.

    Andrea Saltelli;Gabriele Bammer;Isabelle Bruno;Erica Charters

  • Does Interdisciplinary Research Lead to Higher Citation Impact? The Different Effect of Proximal and Distal Interdisciplinarity.

    Alfredo Yegros-Yegros;Ismael Rafols;Pablo D’Este

  • Indicators of the interdisciplinarity of journals: Diversity, centrality, and citations

    Loet Leydesdorff;Ismael Rafols

  • Global maps of science based on the new Web-of-Science categories

    Loet Leydesdorff;Stephen Carley;Ismael Rafols

  • Distributions of avalanches in martensitic transformations.

    Eduard Vives;Jordi Ortín;Lluís Mañosa;Ismael Ràfols

  • Interactive overlay maps for US patent (USPTO) data based on International Patent Classification (IPC)

    Loet Leydesdorff;Duncan Kushnir;Ismael Rafols

  • How cross-disciplinary is bionanotechnology? Explorations in the specialty of molecular motors

    Ismael Rafols;Martin S. Meyer;Martin S. Meyer;Martin S. Meyer

  • Content-based and algorithmic classifications of journals: Perspectives on the dynamics of scientific communication and indexer effects

    Ismael Rafols;Loet Leydesdorff

  • Patent overlay mapping: Visualizing technological distance

    Luciano Kay;Nils C. Newman;Jan L. Youtie;Alan L. Porter

  • Interactive overlays: a new method for generating global journal maps from Web-of-Science data

    Loet Leydesdorff;Ismael Rafols

  • Big Pharma, little science? A bibliometric perspective on Big Pharma's R&D decline

    Ismael Rafols;Ismael Rafols;Michael M. Hopkins;Jarno Hoekman;Josh Siepel

  • INTERFACE GROWTH AND PATTERN FORMATION IN BACTERIAL COLONIES

    M. Matsushita;J. Wakita;H. Itoh;I. Ràfols

  • Why researchers publish in non-mainstream journals: Training, knowledge bridging, and gap filling

    Diego Chavarro;Puay Tang;Ismael Rafols;Ismael Rafols

  • How journal rankings can suppress interdisciplinarity: the case of innovation studies and business and management

    I. Rafols;L. Leydesdorff;A. O'Hare;P. Nightingale

  • Interactive Overlay Maps for US Patent (USPTO) Data Based on International Patent Classifications (IPC)

    Loet Leydesdorff;Duncan Kushnir;Ismael Rafols

Frequent Co-Authors

Loet Leydesdorff
Loet Leydesdorff University of Amsterdam
Martin Meyer
Martin Meyer University of Kent
Andrew Stirling
Andrew Stirling University of Sussex
Alan L. Porter
Alan L. Porter Georgia Institute of Technology
Thed N. van Leeuwen
Thed N. van Leeuwen Leiden University
Alex Coad
Alex Coad Waseda University
Adrian Smith
Adrian Smith University of Oxford
Paul Wouters
Paul Wouters Leiden University
Antoni Planes
Antoni Planes University of Barcelona
Antony M. Carr
Antony M. Carr University of Sussex

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