World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!

D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Psychology 92 869 760 553 472 280 39056
Neuroscience 93 970 868 520 455 306 39665

Stephen M. Rao publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Stephen M. Rao between 1977 and 2025, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Stephen M. Rao published across 49 years, from 1977 to 2025, averaging 6.5 papers a year. Output peaked at 21 publications in 2014. 16 of the 320 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
5 10 15 20
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1977 to 2025. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 21. Peak 21 publications in 2014. 1977: 2 publications 1978: 0 publications 1979: 1 publication 1980: 0 publications 1981: 1 publication 1982: 0 publications 1983: 1 publication 1984: 3 publications 1985: 1 publication 1986: 1 publication 1987: 2 publications 1988: 2 publications 1989: 7 publications 1990: 2 publications 1991: 5 publications 1992: 3 publications 1993: 4 publications 1994: 6 publications 1995: 6 publications 1996: 19 publications 1997: 11 publications 1998: 7 publications 1999: 8 publications 2000: 13 publications 2001: 10 publications 2002: 3 publications 2003: 2 publications 2004: 16 publications 2005: 6 publications 2006: 6 publications 2007: 10 publications 2008: 1 publication 2009: 9 publications 2010: 6 publications 2011: 8 publications 2012: 13 publications 2013: 10 publications 2014: 21 publications 2015: 9 publications 2016: 9 publications 2017: 6 publications 2018: 10 publications 2019: 11 publications 2020: 14 publications 2021: 9 publications 2022: 3 publications 2023: 7 publications 2024: 6 publications 2025: 10 publications
1977 2025

320 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Stephen M. Rao: publications per year, 1977 to 2025
Year Publications
1977 2
1978 0
1979 1
1980 0
1981 1
1982 0
1983 1
1984 3
1985 1
1986 1
1987 2
1988 2
1989 7
1990 2
1991 5
1992 3
1993 4
1994 6
1995 6
1996 19
1997 11
1998 7
1999 8
2000 13
2001 10
2002 3
2003 2
2004 16
2005 6
2006 6
2007 10
2008 1
2009 9
2010 6
2011 8
2012 13
2013 10
2014 21
2015 9
2016 9
2017 6
2018 10
2019 11
2020 14
2021 9
2022 3
2023 7
2024 6
2025 10
Total 320
Download as CSV

Stephen M. Rao publication distribution in Psychology in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Psychology in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Stephen M. Rao sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
200 400 600
Bar chart with 69 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 31–40 to 705+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 736. Most scientists, 736, have 101–110 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 705 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 271–280 publications, is where this scientist sits. 31–40 publications: 6 scientists 41–50 publications: 52 scientists 51–60 publications: 138 scientists 61–70 publications: 299 scientists 71–80 publications: 461 scientists 81–90 publications: 605 scientists 91–100 publications: 713 scientists 101–110 publications: 736 scientists 111–120 publications: 686 scientists 121–130 publications: 670 scientists 131–140 publications: 644 scientists 141–150 publications: 597 scientists 151–160 publications: 576 scientists 161–170 publications: 477 scientists 171–180 publications: 450 scientists 181–190 publications: 397 scientists 191–200 publications: 343 scientists 201–210 publications: 328 scientists 211–220 publications: 313 scientists 221–230 publications: 283 scientists 231–240 publications: 226 scientists 241–250 publications: 196 scientists 251–260 publications: 201 scientists 261–270 publications: 171 scientists 271–280 publications: 151 scientists 281–290 publications: 139 scientists 291–300 publications: 113 scientists 301–310 publications: 102 scientists 311–320 publications: 100 scientists 321–330 publications: 76 scientists 331–340 publications: 92 scientists 341–350 publications: 85 scientists 351–360 publications: 69 scientists 361–370 publications: 71 scientists 371–380 publications: 63 scientists 381–390 publications: 58 scientists 391–400 publications: 57 scientists 401–410 publications: 43 scientists 411–420 publications: 33 scientists 421–430 publications: 50 scientists 431–440 publications: 41 scientists 441–450 publications: 32 scientists 451–460 publications: 27 scientists 461–470 publications: 28 scientists 471–480 publications: 25 scientists 481–490 publications: 28 scientists 491–500 publications: 20 scientists 501–510 publications: 23 scientists 511–520 publications: 26 scientists 521–530 publications: 17 scientists 531–540 publications: 21 scientists 541–550 publications: 14 scientists 551–560 publications: 16 scientists 561–570 publications: 10 scientists 571–580 publications: 22 scientists 581–590 publications: 9 scientists 591–600 publications: 14 scientists 601–610 publications: 9 scientists 611–620 publications: 11 scientists 621–630 publications: 4 scientists 631–640 publications: 7 scientists 641–650 publications: 5 scientists 651–660 publications: 10 scientists 661–670 publications: 8 scientists 671–680 publications: 8 scientists 681–690 publications: 4 scientists 691–700 publications: 3 scientists 701–704 publications: 4 scientists 705+ publications: 100 scientists
31–40 publications 705+

This scientist: 280 publications — 85th percentile

85% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 705 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Psychology scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 11,416 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
31–40 6
41–50 52
51–60 138
61–70 299
71–80 461
81–90 605
91–100 713
101–110 736
111–120 686
121–130 670
131–140 644
141–150 597
151–160 576
161–170 477
171–180 450
181–190 397
191–200 343
201–210 328
211–220 313
221–230 283
231–240 226
241–250 196
251–260 201
261–270 171
271–280 151 280
281–290 139
291–300 113
301–310 102
311–320 100
321–330 76
331–340 92
341–350 85
351–360 69
361–370 71
371–380 63
381–390 58
391–400 57
401–410 43
411–420 33
421–430 50
431–440 41
441–450 32
451–460 27
461–470 28
471–480 25
481–490 28
491–500 20
501–510 23
511–520 26
521–530 17
531–540 21
541–550 14
551–560 16
561–570 10
571–580 22
581–590 9
591–600 14
601–610 9
611–620 11
621–630 4
631–640 7
641–650 5
651–660 10
661–670 8
671–680 8
681–690 4
691–700 3
701–704 4
705+ 100
Download as CSV

Stephen M. Rao D-index placement in Psychology in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Psychology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Stephen M. Rao sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
200 400 600
Bar chart with 58 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 30–31 to 144+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 702. Most scientists, 702, have 32–33 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 144 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 92–93 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 30–31 D-Index: 398 scientists 32–33 D-Index: 702 scientists 34–35 D-Index: 671 scientists 36–37 D-Index: 659 scientists 38–39 D-Index: 641 scientists 40–41 D-Index: 671 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 617 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 558 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 495 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 487 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 445 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 390 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 408 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 345 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 325 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 321 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 248 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 290 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 218 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 219 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 215 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 183 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 169 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 132 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 137 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 120 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 112 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 86 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 101 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 83 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 77 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 70 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 78 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 58 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 53 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 57 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 48 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 53 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 46 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 24 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 35 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 27 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 32 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 31 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 22 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 16 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 24 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 18 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 11 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 19 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 10 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 16 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 10 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 12 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 8 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 5 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 12 scientists 144+ D-Index: 98 scientists
30–31 D-Index 144+

This scientist: 92 D-Index — 93rd percentile

93% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 144 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Psychology scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 11,416 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
30–31 398
32–33 702
34–35 671
36–37 659
38–39 641
40–41 671
42–43 617
44–45 558
46–47 495
48–49 487
50–51 445
52–53 390
54–55 408
56–57 345
58–59 325
60–61 321
62–63 248
64–65 290
66–67 218
68–69 219
70–71 215
72–73 183
74–75 169
76–77 132
78–79 137
80–81 120
82–83 112
84–85 86
86–87 101
88–89 83
90–91 77
92–93 70 92
94–95 78
96–97 58
98–99 53
100–101 57
102–103 48
104–105 53
106–107 46
108–109 24
110–111 35
112–113 27
114–115 32
116–117 31
118–119 22
120–121 16
122–123 24
124–125 18
126–127 11
128–129 19
130–131 10
132–133 16
134–135 10
136–137 12
138–139 8
140–141 5
142–143 12
144+ 98
Download as CSV

Overview

Stephen M. Rao is affiliated with the Cleveland Clinic in the United States. Their research primarily focuses on medical disciplines, with a significant emphasis on neurology and related subfields.

The main fields of study in their work include:

  • Medicine

The subfields of study covered in their publications show a focus on specialized areas within medicine, such as:

  • Neurology
  • Pathology and Forensic Medicine
  • Physiology
  • Psychiatry and Mental Health
  • Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging

Their research topics include several areas connected to neurological diseases, inflammation, and cognitive conditions:

  • Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
  • Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Alzheimer's Disease Research and Treatments
  • Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Inflammation Biomarkers and Pathways
  • Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging

Stephen M. Rao has contributed to numerous academic publications. Key recent papers include:

  • "Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test: validation of self-administered neuroperformance modules," published in 2020 in European Journal of Neurology
  • "Cognitive processing speed in multiple sclerosis clinical practice: association with patient-reported outcomes, employment and magnetic resonance imaging metrics," 2020, European Journal of Neurology
  • "Inflammatory pathway analytes predicting rapid cognitive decline in MCI stage of Alzheimer's disease," 2020, Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
  • "Technology-enabled assessments to enhance multiple sclerosis clinical care and research," 2020, Neurology Clinical Practice
  • "Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): Normative study of 428 healthy participants ages 18 to 89," 2022, Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

Their frequent co-authors include:

  • James B. Leverenz
  • Jagan A. Pillai
  • Lynn M. Bekris
  • Maria Khrestian
  • Elizabeth D. Tuason

Stephen M. Rao's work is published in several journals frequently used to disseminate research in neurology and neurodegenerative diseases. Prominent publication venues are:

  • Alzheimer's & Dementia
  • Neurology
  • Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
  • Journal of Alzheimer's Disease
  • European Journal of Neurology

Best Publications

  • Cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. I. Frequency, patterns, and prediction

    Stephen M. Rao;Gary J. Leo;Linda Bernardin;Frederick W. Unverzagt

  • Human Brain Language Areas Identified by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

    Jeffrey R. Binder;Julie A. Frost;Thomas A. Hammeke;Robert W. Cox

  • Development of a multiple sclerosis functional composite as a clinical trial outcome measure

    Gary R. Cutter;Monika L. Baier;Richard A. Rudick;Diane L. Cookfair

  • Conceptual Processing during the Conscious Resting State: A Functional MRI Study

    R. Binder;J. A. Frost;T. A. Hammeke;P. S. F. Bellgowan

  • Cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. II. Impact on employment and social functioning

    Stephen M. Rao;Gary J. Leo;L. Ellington;T. Nauertz

  • Journal article reporting standards for quantitative research in psychology: The APA Publications and Communications Board task force report.

    Mark Appelbaum;Harris Cooper;Rex B. Kline;Evan Mayo-Wilson

  • Determination of language dominance using functional MRI A comparison with the Wada test

    J. R. Binder;S. J. Swanson;T. A. Hammeke;G. L. Morris

  • The evolution of brain activation during temporal processing.

    Stephen M. Rao;Andrew R. Mayer;Deborah L. Harrington;Deborah L. Harrington;Deborah L. Harrington

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging of complex human movements

    Stephen M Rao;J. R. Binder;P. A. Bandettini;T. A. Hammeke

  • Minimal neuropsychological assessment of MS patients: a consensus approach.

    Ralph H.B. Benedict;Ralph H.B. Benedict;Jill S. Fischer;Cate J. Archibald;Peter Andrew Arnett

  • Distributed Neural Systems Underlying the Timing of Movements

    Stephen M. Rao;Deborah L. Harrington;Kathleen Y. Haaland;Julie A. Bobholz

  • Correlation of magnetic resonance imaging with neuropsychological testing in multiple sclerosis

    S. M. Rao;G. J. Leo;V. M. Haughton;P. St. Aubin-Faubert

  • Nicotine-Induced Limbic Cortical Activation in the Human Brain: A Functional MRI Study

    Elliot A. Stein;John Pankiewicz;Harold H. Harsch;Jung Ki Cho

  • Language processing is strongly left lateralized in both sexes. Evidence from functional MRI

    Julie A. Frost;Jeffrey R. Binder;Jane A. Springer;Thomas A. Hammeke

  • Neural systems underlying the recognition of familiar and newly learned faces.

    Catherine L. Leveroni;Michael Seidenberg;Andrew R. Mayer;Andrew R. Mayer;Larissa A. Mead

  • Cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: a review of recent developments.

    Julie A. Bobholz;Stephen M. Rao

  • Neuropsychology of multiple sclerosis: a critical review

    Stephen M. Rao

  • Function of the left planum temporale in auditory and linguistic processing

    J. R. Binder;J. A. Frost;T. A. Hammeke;Stephen M Rao

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging of human auditory cortex

    J. R. Binder;S. M. Rao;T. A. Hammeke;F. Z. Yetkin

  • Cognition in multiple sclerosis: State of the field and priorities for the future

    James F. Sumowski;Ralph Benedict;Christian Enzinger;Massimo Filippi

Frequent Co-Authors

Kristy A. Nielson
Kristy A. Nielson Marquette University
Thomas A. Hammeke
Thomas A. Hammeke Medical College of Wisconsin
Jeffrey R. Binder
Jeffrey R. Binder Medical College of Wisconsin
John L. Woodard
John L. Woodard Wayne State University
Deborah L. Harrington
Deborah L. Harrington Veterans Health Administration
Elliot A. Stein
Elliot A. Stein National Institute on Drug Abuse
Andrew R. Mayer
Andrew R. Mayer Mind Research Network
James B. Leverenz
James B. Leverenz Cleveland Clinic
Robert W. Cox
Robert W. Cox National Institutes of Health
Jane S. Paulsen
Jane S. Paulsen University of Wisconsin–Madison

If you think any of the details on this page are incorrect, let us know.

Report an issue

We appreciate your kind effort to assist us to improve this page, it would be helpful providing us with as much detail as possible in the text box below:

Related Online Degrees & Career Pathways

Exploring a degree in psychology often leads students to consider related fields and online learning options. Social work, for example, shares many overlapping skills and offers diverse career pathways in healthcare, education, and community organizations.

Affordability is a key issue for prospective students. Several universities have made strides in making these programs more accessible. You might consider affordable social work degrees in Chicago or the most affordable social work degree programs in Columbus if you’re looking to minimize education expenses.

Beyond urban centers, there are options for budget-conscious students elsewhere as well. Students in Texas can explore affordable social work programs in Denton. In the Southeast, many search for the cheapest social work degrees in Florida to get their start in this rewarding field.

Whether your goal is to become a licensed social worker or to use your psychology background in related professions, exploring these affordable online degrees can help you launch a meaningful career without overwhelming debt.

Best Scientists Citing Stephen M. Rao

Trending Scientists

Recently Published Articles