World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!

D-Index & Metrics

Immunology

D-Index
60
Citations
11707
World Ranking
3347
National Ranking
1548

Fred Rapp publication distribution in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Immunology in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Fred Rapp sits on this spectrum.

62–71 publications: 9 scientists 72–81 publications: 23 scientists 82–91 publications: 40 scientists 92–101 publications: 72 scientists 102–111 publications: 86 scientists 112–121 publications: 108 scientists 122–131 publications: 150 scientists 132–141 publications: 160 scientists 142–151 publications: 159 scientists 152–161 publications: 189 scientists 162–171 publications: 166 scientists 172–181 publications: 181 scientists 182–191 publications: 188 scientists 192–201 publications: 187 scientists 202–211 publications: 178 scientists 212–221 publications: 158 scientists 222–231 publications: 168 scientists 232–241 publications: 159 scientists 242–251 publications: 160 scientists 252–261 publications: 148 scientists 262–271 publications: 116 scientists 272–281 publications: 125 scientists 282–291 publications: 115 scientists 292–301 publications: 111 scientists 302–311 publications: 95 scientists 312–321 publications: 97 scientists 322–331 publications: 97 scientists 332–341 publications: 99 scientists 342–351 publications: 96 scientists 352–361 publications: 68 scientists 362–371 publications: 76 scientists 372–381 publications: 71 scientists 382–391 publications: 71 scientists 392–401 publications: 62 scientists 402–411 publications: 54 scientists 412–421 publications: 41 scientists 422–431 publications: 63 scientists 432–441 publications: 53 scientists 442–451 publications: 31 scientists 452–461 publications: 42 scientists 462–471 publications: 40 scientists 472–481 publications: 29 scientists 482–491 publications: 34 scientists 492–501 publications: 30 scientists 502–511 publications: 23 scientists 512–521 publications: 41 scientists 522–531 publications: 29 scientists 532–541 publications: 28 scientists 542–551 publications: 16 scientists 552–561 publications: 18 scientists 562–571 publications: 18 scientists 572–581 publications: 17 scientists 582–591 publications: 17 scientists 592–601 publications: 17 scientists 602–611 publications: 19 scientists 612–621 publications: 13 scientists 622–631 publications: 12 scientists 632–641 publications: 11 scientists 642–651 publications: 16 scientists 652–661 publications: 9 scientists 662–671 publications: 5 scientists 672–681 publications: 13 scientists 682–691 publications: 12 scientists 692–701 publications: 6 scientists 702–711 publications: 6 scientists 712–721 publications: 9 scientists 722–731 publications: 9 scientists 732–741 publications: 6 scientists 742–751 publications: 11 scientists 752–761 publications: 10 scientists 762–771 publications: 7 scientists 772–781 publications: 12 scientists 782–791 publications: 7 scientists 792–801 publications: 5 scientists 802–806 publications: 1 scientists 807+ publications: 100 scientists
62 publications 807+

This scientist: 380 publications — 78th percentile

78% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 807 publications or more.

Fred Rapp D-index placement in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Immunology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Fred Rapp sits on this spectrum.

40–41 D-Index: 28 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 91 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 157 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 192 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 175 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 188 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 177 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 155 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 194 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 201 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 197 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 201 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 173 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 167 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 172 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 199 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 184 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 133 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 162 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 127 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 121 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 125 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 121 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 102 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 96 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 75 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 72 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 74 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 66 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 68 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 49 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 60 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 54 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 36 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 23 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 52 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 41 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 34 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 25 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 28 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 11 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 20 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 27 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 19 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 20 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 16 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 17 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 14 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 15 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 9 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 11 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 9 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 9 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 7 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 7 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 7 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 5 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 8 scientists 156 D-Index: 6 scientists 157+ D-Index: 96 scientists
40 D-Index 157+

This scientist: 60 D-Index — 33rd percentile

33% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more.

Research.com Recognitions

  • 1990 - Monie A. Ferst Award, Sigma Xi

Overview

Fred Rapp was affiliated with the Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in the United States during their academic career. Their work contributed to various aspects of medical research and healthcare, although specific details on research topics, publications, or coauthors are not available.

Rapp received the Monie A. Ferst Award from Sigma Xi in 1990, an acknowledgment given in recognition of scientific achievement. This award marked a notable point in their professional trajectory.

Information regarding Rapp's research papers, including titles, publication years, and venues, is not available. Similarly, data on frequent coauthors, publication venues where they contributed regularly, and book publications is absent, limiting detailed insights into publication patterns and collaborations.

Data on the main fields and subfields of study, as well as specific research topics associated with Rapp, were not provided. This restricts a comprehensive understanding of the scientist's specialized areas of expertise and focus within the broader medical or scientific domains.

Fred Rapp is deceased, and their academic contributions remain part of the historical record at their affiliated institution. The available information centers on the institutional affiliation and notable award, without additional granularity on the breadth or focus of research activities.

Best Publications

  • Properties of hamster embryo fibroblasts transformed in vitro after exposure to ultraviolet-irradiated herpes simplex virus type 2.

    Ronald Duff;Fred Rapp

  • Oncogenic transformation of hamster cells after exposure to herpes simplex virus type 2.

    R. Duff;F. Rapp

  • Malignant transformation of hamster embryo fibroblasts following exposure to ultraviolet-irradiated human cytomegalovirus.

    Thomas Albrecht;Fred Rapp

  • Oncogenic Transformation of Hamster Embryo Cells After Exposure to Inactivated Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

    Ronald Duff;Fred Rapp

  • Stimulation of Cellular DNA Synthesis by Human Cytomegalovirus

    Stephen C. St. Jeor;Thomas B. Albrecht;Fred D. Funk;Fred Rapp

  • Oncogenic transformation of human embryo lung cells by human cytomegalovirus.

    KM Geder;R Lausch;F O'Neill;F Rapp

  • Transformation of mammalian cells by DNA-containing viruses following photodynamic inactivation

    Fred Rapp;Jui-Lien H. Li;Maryann Jerkofsky

  • DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF INHIBITORS ON THE STEPS LEADING TO THE FORMATION OF SV40 TUMOR AND VIRUS ANTIGENS.

    F. Rapp;J. S. Butel;L. A. Feldman;T. Kitahara

  • VIRUS-INDUCED INTRANUCLEAR ANTIGEN IN CELLS TRANSFORMED BY PAPOVAVIRUS SV40.

    Fred Rapp;Janet S. Butel;Joseph L. Melnick

  • Synthesis of SV40 Tumor Antigen during Replication of Simian Papovavirus (SV40)

    F. Rapp;T. Kitahara;J. S. Butel;J. L. Melnick

  • NEW SURFACE ANTIGEN IN CELLS TRANSFORMED BY SIMIAN PAPOVAVIRUS SV40.

    S. S. Tevethia;M. Katz;F. Rapp

  • IMMUNITY IN HAMSTERS TO CELLS TRANSFORMED IN VITRO AND IN VIVO BY SV40. TESTS FOR ANTIGENIC RELATIONSHIP AMONG THE PAPOVAVIRUSES.

    Kundan S. Khera;Asaria Ashkenazi;Fred Rapp;Joseph L. Melnick

  • The Incorporation of SV40 Genetic Material Into Adenovirus 7 AS Measured by Intranuclear Synthesis of SV40 Tumor Antigen

    F. Rapp;J. L. Melnick;J. S. Butel;T. Kitahara

  • Association of 20-Millimicron Particles with Adenoviruses.

    Joseph L. Melnick;Heather D. Mayor;Kendall O. Smith;Fred Rapp

  • VARIANTS OF HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS: ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND FACTORS INFLUENCING PLAQUE FORMATION

    Fred Rapp

  • Rescue of Epstein-Barr Virus from Somatic Cell Hybrids of Burkitt Lymphoblastoid Cells

    Ronald Glaser;Fred Rapp

  • Interaction of a Simian Papovavirus and Adenoviruses I. Induction of Adenovirus Tumor Antigen During Abortive Infection of Simian Cells

    Lawrence A. Feldman;Janet S. Butel;Fred Rapp

  • Latent Measles Virus Infection of the Hamster Central Nervous System

    Douglas J. Wear;Fred Rapp

  • Reaction of Serum from Pregnant Hamsters with Surface of Cells Transformed by SV40

    Ronald Duff;Fred Rapp

  • The Development by Cytomegalovirus-Infected Cells of Binding Affinity for Normal Human Immunoglobulin

    Diana Westmoreland;Stephen St. Jeor;Fred Rapp

Frequent Co-Authors

Joseph L. Melnick
Joseph L. Melnick Baylor College of Medicine
Satvir S. Tevethia
Satvir S. Tevethia Pennsylvania State University
Janet S. Butel
Janet S. Butel Baylor College of Medicine
Ronald Glaser
Ronald Glaser The Ohio State University
Bernard Roizman
Bernard Roizman University of Chicago
Andre J. Nahmias
Andre J. Nahmias Emory University
Koichi Yamanishi
Koichi Yamanishi Osaka University
Raymond V. Gilden
Raymond V. Gilden National Institutes of Health
Stephen St. Jeor
Stephen St. Jeor University of Nevada Reno
Friedrich Deinhardt
Friedrich Deinhardt Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

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