World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!

D-Index & Metrics

Biology and Biochemistry

D-Index
57
Citations
15121
World Ranking
13635
National Ranking
5786

Paul Bates publication distribution in Biology and Biochemistry in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Biology and Biochemistry in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Paul Bates sits on this spectrum.

47–56 publications: 8 scientists 57–66 publications: 35 scientists 67–76 publications: 106 scientists 77–86 publications: 231 scientists 87–96 publications: 414 scientists 97–106 publications: 546 scientists 107–116 publications: 704 scientists 117–126 publications: 849 scientists 127–136 publications: 980 scientists 137–146 publications: 942 scientists 147–156 publications: 969 scientists 157–166 publications: 950 scientists 167–176 publications: 951 scientists 177–186 publications: 915 scientists 187–196 publications: 787 scientists 197–206 publications: 841 scientists 207–216 publications: 735 scientists 217–226 publications: 709 scientists 227–236 publications: 651 scientists 237–246 publications: 605 scientists 247–256 publications: 510 scientists 257–266 publications: 524 scientists 267–276 publications: 434 scientists 277–286 publications: 418 scientists 287–296 publications: 350 scientists 297–306 publications: 363 scientists 307–316 publications: 315 scientists 317–326 publications: 296 scientists 327–336 publications: 261 scientists 337–346 publications: 240 scientists 347–356 publications: 219 scientists 357–366 publications: 197 scientists 367–376 publications: 154 scientists 377–386 publications: 161 scientists 387–396 publications: 155 scientists 397–406 publications: 145 scientists 407–416 publications: 124 scientists 417–426 publications: 112 scientists 427–436 publications: 132 scientists 437–446 publications: 116 scientists 447–456 publications: 99 scientists 457–466 publications: 81 scientists 467–476 publications: 91 scientists 477–486 publications: 80 scientists 487–496 publications: 80 scientists 497–506 publications: 60 scientists 507–516 publications: 36 scientists 517–526 publications: 46 scientists 527–536 publications: 54 scientists 537–546 publications: 44 scientists 547–556 publications: 43 scientists 557–566 publications: 43 scientists 567–576 publications: 42 scientists 577–586 publications: 25 scientists 587–596 publications: 34 scientists 597–606 publications: 23 scientists 607–616 publications: 33 scientists 617–626 publications: 31 scientists 627–636 publications: 27 scientists 637–646 publications: 25 scientists 647–656 publications: 28 scientists 657–666 publications: 34 scientists 667–676 publications: 18 scientists 677–686 publications: 16 scientists 687–696 publications: 10 scientists 697–706 publications: 12 scientists 707–716 publications: 21 scientists 717–726 publications: 12 scientists 727–736 publications: 12 scientists 737–746 publications: 10 scientists 747–756 publications: 7 scientists 757–766 publications: 13 scientists 767–776 publications: 15 scientists 777–786 publications: 13 scientists 787–796 publications: 9 scientists 797–806 publications: 9 scientists 807–816 publications: 7 scientists 817–826 publications: 4 scientists 827–836 publications: 9 scientists 837–846 publications: 7 scientists 847–856 publications: 3 scientists 857–866 publications: 5 scientists 867–876 publications: 5 scientists 877–886 publications: 11 scientists 887–896 publications: 3 scientists 897–906 publications: 4 scientists 907–916 publications: 7 scientists 917–926 publications: 5 scientists 927–936 publications: 6 scientists 937–946 publications: 6 scientists 947–956 publications: 3 scientists 957–966 publications: 7 scientists 967–976 publications: 2 scientists 977–986 publications: 2 scientists 987–996 publications: 1 scientists 997–1,006 publications: 5 scientists 1,007–1,016 publications: 2 scientists 1,017–1,026 publications: 2 scientists 1,027 publications: 1 scientists 1,028+ publications: 100 scientists
47 publications 1,028+

This scientist: 90 publications — 3rd percentile

3% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 1,028 publications or more.

Paul Bates D-index placement in Biology and Biochemistry in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Biology and Biochemistry scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Paul Bates sits on this spectrum.

40–41 D-Index: 80 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 183 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 317 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 504 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 718 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 900 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 1,026 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 1,150 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 1,236 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 1,253 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 1,163 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 1,131 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 1,032 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 897 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 814 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 715 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 709 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 596 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 512 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 473 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 412 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 373 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 358 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 285 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 273 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 227 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 208 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 193 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 153 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 157 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 148 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 120 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 113 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 100 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 86 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 67 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 72 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 73 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 64 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 53 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 60 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 54 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 43 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 38 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 49 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 26 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 18 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 23 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 32 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 32 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 27 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 19 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 22 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 12 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 16 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 14 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 10 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 13 scientists 156–157 D-Index: 10 scientists 158–159 D-Index: 7 scientists 160–161 D-Index: 9 scientists 162–163 D-Index: 13 scientists 164–165 D-Index: 4 scientists 166 D-Index: 4 scientists 167+ D-Index: 98 scientists
40 D-Index 167+

This scientist: 57 D-Index — 31st percentile

31% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 167 D-Index or more.

Overview

Paul Bates is affiliated with the University of Pennsylvania in the United States and focuses primarily on medical research. Their work spans several key fields of study including Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Oncology, Molecular Biology, and Epidemiology. The majority of their publications reside within Infectious Diseases and Immunology, reflecting a research interest centered on immune responses and viral infections.

The scientist's research encompasses several main topics, particularly in the realm of viral diseases and immune system interactions. These include:

  • SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
  • COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
  • Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
  • Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
  • CAR-T cell therapy research
  • Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
  • Viral Infections and Vectors

Key recent publications authored or co-authored by Paul Bates demonstrate an emphasis on vaccine-induced immune responses and COVID-19-related immunology:

  • "mRNA vaccines induce durable immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern," 2021, Science
  • "Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals after mRNA vaccination," 2021, Science Immunology
  • "Lipid nanoparticles enhance the efficacy of mRNA and protein subunit vaccines by inducing robust T follicular helper cell and humoral responses," 2021, Immunity
  • "Cellular and humoral immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis on anti-CD20 therapy," 2021, Nature Medicine
  • "Rapid induction of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells is associated with coordinated humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination," 2021, Immunity

Frequent collaborators in Paul Bates's work include researchers such as Scott E. Hensley, E. John Wherry, Kendall A. Lundgreen, Sigrid Gouma, and Allison R. Greenplate. This indicates ongoing partnerships with several experts in immunology and infectious disease research.

The scientist frequently publishes in journals and venues with a strong focus on biomedical and immunological research. The most common publication venues include:

  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
  • Immunity
  • Cell
  • Nature Nanotechnology
  • Nature Communications

Best Publications

  • Inhibitors of cathepsin L prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry

    Graham Simmons;Dhaval N. Gosalia;Andrew J. Rennekamp;Jacqueline D. Reeves

  • mRNA vaccines induce durable immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern.

    Rishi R. Goel;Mark M. Painter;Sokratis A. Apostolidis;Divij Mathew

  • Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike glycoprotein-mediated viral entry

    Graham Simmons;Jacqueline D. Reeves;Andrew J. Rennekamp;Sean M. Amberg

  • Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals following mRNA vaccination.

    Rishi R. Goel;Sokratis A. Apostolidis;Mark M. Painter;Divij Mathew

  • Lipid nanoparticles enhance the efficacy of mRNA and protein subunit vaccines by inducing robust T follicular helper cell and humoral responses

    Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh;István Tombácz;Emily Bettini;Katlyn Lederer

  • Characterization of Ebola Virus Entry by Using Pseudotyped Viruses: Identification of Receptor-Deficient Cell Lines

    Rouven J. Wool-Lewis;Paul Bates

  • Cellular and humoral immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis on anti-CD20 therapy.

    Sokratis A. Apostolidis;Mihir Kakara;Mark M Painter;Rishi Raj Goel

  • A receptor for subgroup A Rous sarcoma virus is related to the low density lipoprotein receptor

    Paul Bates;John A.T. Young;Harold E. Varmus

  • DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR Interact with the Glycoprotein of Marburg Virus and the S Protein of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

    Andrea Marzi;Thomas Gramberg;Graham Simmons;Peggy Möller

  • Rapid induction of antigen-specific CD4 + T cells is associated with coordinated humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.

    Mark M. Painter;Divij Mathew;Rishi R. Goel;Sokratis A. Apostolidis

  • DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR bind ebola glycoproteins and enhance infection of macrophages and endothelial cells.

    Graham Simmons;Jacqueline D. Reeves;Case C. Grogan;Luk H. Vandenberghe

  • Tetherin-mediated restriction of filovirus budding is antagonized by the Ebola glycoprotein

    Rachel L. Kaletsky;Joseph R. Francica;Caroline Agrawal-Gamse;Paul Bates

  • Seasonal human coronavirus antibodies are boosted upon SARS-CoV-2 infection but not associated with protection.

    Elizabeth M. Anderson;Eileen C. Goodwin;Anurag Verma;Claudia P. Arevalo

  • SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines Foster Potent Antigen-Specific Germinal Center Responses Associated with Neutralizing Antibody Generation.

    Katlyn Lederer;Diana Castaño;Diana Castaño;Daniela Gómez Atria;Thomas H. Oguin

  • A Single Immunization with Nucleoside-Modified mRNA Vaccines Elicits Strong Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses against SARS-CoV-2 in Mice.

    Dorottya Laczkó;Michael J. Hogan;Sushila A. Toulmin;Philip Hicks

  • Differential N-Linked Glycosylation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Ebola Virus Envelope Glycoproteins Modulates Interactions with DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR

    George Lin;Graham Simmons;Stefan Pöhlmann;Frédéric Baribaud

  • Ebola Virus Glycoproteins Induce Global Surface Protein Down-Modulation and Loss of Cell Adherence

    Graham Simmons;Rouven J. Wool-Lewis;Frédéric Baribaud;Robert C. Netter

  • Isolation of a chicken gene that confers susceptibility to infection by subgroup A avian leukosis and sarcoma viruses.

    J. A. T. Young;P. Bates;H. E. Varmus

  • Proteolysis of the Ebola Virus Glycoproteins Enhances Virus Binding and Infectivity

    Rachel L. Kaletsky;Graham Simmons;Paul Bates

  • Altered cellular and humoral immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis on anti-CD20 therapy.

    Sokratis A. Apostolidis;Mihir Kakara;Mark M Painter;Rishi Raj Goel

Frequent Co-Authors

Robert W. Doms
Robert W. Doms Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Scott E. Hensley
Scott E. Hensley University of Pennsylvania
Stefan Pöhlmann
Stefan Pöhlmann German Primate Center
Harold E. Varmus
Harold E. Varmus Cornell University
Michael R. Betts
Michael R. Betts University of Pennsylvania
E. John Wherry
E. John Wherry University of Pennsylvania
James A. Hoxie
James A. Hoxie University of Pennsylvania
Dennis L. Kolson
Dennis L. Kolson University of Pennsylvania
Laurence C. Eisenlohr
Laurence C. Eisenlohr Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Frederic D. Bushman
Frederic D. Bushman University of Pennsylvania

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These related online programs offer flexible study options and strong career prospects for students with a background in Biology or Biochemistry.

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