World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!
VIEW LIST
Ekmel Ozbay
Award Badge
Physics
Turkey
2026

D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Physics 89 2291 2181 3 3 894 33208

Ekmel Ozbay publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Ekmel Ozbay between 1989 and 2026, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Ekmel Ozbay published across 38 years, from 1989 to 2026, averaging 27 papers a year. Output peaked at 71 publications in 2019. 21 of the 1,025 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
20 40 60
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1989 to 2026. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 71. Peak 71 publications in 2019. 1989: 3 publications 1990: 1 publication 1991: 8 publications 1992: 4 publications 1993: 4 publications 1994: 7 publications 1995: 4 publications 1996: 7 publications 1997: 5 publications 1998: 10 publications 1999: 11 publications 2000: 16 publications 2001: 24 publications 2002: 13 publications 2003: 16 publications 2004: 18 publications 2005: 29 publications 2006: 30 publications 2007: 45 publications 2008: 49 publications 2009: 51 publications 2010: 51 publications 2011: 33 publications 2012: 41 publications 2013: 33 publications 2014: 38 publications 2015: 27 publications 2016: 26 publications 2017: 51 publications 2018: 56 publications 2019: 71 publications 2020: 42 publications 2021: 71 publications 2022: 53 publications 2023: 30 publications 2024: 26 publications 2025: 19 publications 2026: 2 publications
1989 2026

1,025 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Ekmel Ozbay: publications per year, 1989 to 2026
Year Publications
1989 3
1990 1
1991 8
1992 4
1993 4
1994 7
1995 4
1996 7
1997 5
1998 10
1999 11
2000 16
2001 24
2002 13
2003 16
2004 18
2005 29
2006 30
2007 45
2008 49
2009 51
2010 51
2011 33
2012 41
2013 33
2014 38
2015 27
2016 26
2017 51
2018 56
2019 71
2020 42
2021 71
2022 53
2023 30
2024 26
2025 19
2026 2
Total 1,025
Download as CSV

Ekmel Ozbay publication distribution in Physics in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Physics in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Ekmel Ozbay sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150
Bar chart with 70 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 103–122 to 1,469+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 162. Most scientists, 162, have 323–342 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 1,469 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 883–902 publications, is where this scientist sits. 103–122 publications: 7 scientists 123–142 publications: 10 scientists 143–162 publications: 31 scientists 163–182 publications: 35 scientists 183–202 publications: 53 scientists 203–222 publications: 81 scientists 223–242 publications: 85 scientists 243–262 publications: 112 scientists 263–282 publications: 114 scientists 283–302 publications: 126 scientists 303–322 publications: 136 scientists 323–342 publications: 162 scientists 343–362 publications: 155 scientists 363–382 publications: 156 scientists 383–402 publications: 134 scientists 403–422 publications: 145 scientists 423–442 publications: 147 scientists 443–462 publications: 131 scientists 463–482 publications: 131 scientists 483–502 publications: 116 scientists 503–522 publications: 106 scientists 523–542 publications: 103 scientists 543–562 publications: 87 scientists 563–582 publications: 84 scientists 583–602 publications: 94 scientists 603–622 publications: 70 scientists 623–642 publications: 76 scientists 643–662 publications: 60 scientists 663–682 publications: 54 scientists 683–702 publications: 60 scientists 703–722 publications: 48 scientists 723–742 publications: 64 scientists 743–762 publications: 48 scientists 763–782 publications: 37 scientists 783–802 publications: 43 scientists 803–822 publications: 34 scientists 823–842 publications: 36 scientists 843–862 publications: 32 scientists 863–882 publications: 32 scientists 883–902 publications: 31 scientists 903–922 publications: 25 scientists 923–942 publications: 15 scientists 943–962 publications: 24 scientists 963–982 publications: 13 scientists 983–1,002 publications: 21 scientists 1,003–1,022 publications: 21 scientists 1,023–1,042 publications: 16 scientists 1,043–1,062 publications: 9 scientists 1,063–1,082 publications: 19 scientists 1,083–1,102 publications: 11 scientists 1,103–1,122 publications: 17 scientists 1,123–1,142 publications: 11 scientists 1,143–1,162 publications: 7 scientists 1,163–1,182 publications: 4 scientists 1,183–1,202 publications: 10 scientists 1,203–1,222 publications: 8 scientists 1,223–1,242 publications: 16 scientists 1,243–1,262 publications: 4 scientists 1,263–1,282 publications: 10 scientists 1,283–1,302 publications: 5 scientists 1,303–1,322 publications: 7 scientists 1,323–1,342 publications: 4 scientists 1,343–1,362 publications: 8 scientists 1,363–1,382 publications: 6 scientists 1,383–1,402 publications: 7 scientists 1,403–1,422 publications: 3 scientists 1,423–1,442 publications: 4 scientists 1,443–1,462 publications: 4 scientists 1,463–1,468 publications: 3 scientists 1,469+ publications: 100 scientists
103–122 publications 1,469+

This scientist: 894 publications — 88th percentile

88% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 1,469 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Physics scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 3,678 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
103–122 7
123–142 10
143–162 31
163–182 35
183–202 53
203–222 81
223–242 85
243–262 112
263–282 114
283–302 126
303–322 136
323–342 162
343–362 155
363–382 156
383–402 134
403–422 145
423–442 147
443–462 131
463–482 131
483–502 116
503–522 106
523–542 103
543–562 87
563–582 84
583–602 94
603–622 70
623–642 76
643–662 60
663–682 54
683–702 60
703–722 48
723–742 64
743–762 48
763–782 37
783–802 43
803–822 34
823–842 36
843–862 32
863–882 32
883–902 31 894
903–922 25
923–942 15
943–962 24
963–982 13
983–1,002 21
1,003–1,022 21
1,023–1,042 16
1,043–1,062 9
1,063–1,082 19
1,083–1,102 11
1,103–1,122 17
1,123–1,142 11
1,143–1,162 7
1,163–1,182 4
1,183–1,202 10
1,203–1,222 8
1,223–1,242 16
1,243–1,262 4
1,263–1,282 10
1,283–1,302 5
1,303–1,322 7
1,323–1,342 4
1,343–1,362 8
1,363–1,382 6
1,383–1,402 7
1,403–1,422 3
1,423–1,442 4
1,443–1,462 4
1,463–1,468 3
1,469+ 100
Download as CSV

Ekmel Ozbay D-index placement in Physics in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Physics scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Ekmel Ozbay sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150
Bar chart with 59 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 70–71 to 185+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 167. Most scientists, 167, have 80–81 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 185 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 88–89 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 70–71 D-Index: 76 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 110 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 143 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 153 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 144 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 167 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 167 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 166 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 132 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 155 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 134 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 137 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 102 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 112 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 110 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 116 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 97 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 103 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 87 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 90 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 67 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 78 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 75 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 67 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 69 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 60 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 59 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 53 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 42 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 41 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 33 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 32 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 45 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 19 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 24 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 28 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 31 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 22 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 20 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 12 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 16 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 24 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 23 scientists 156–157 D-Index: 15 scientists 158–159 D-Index: 15 scientists 160–161 D-Index: 11 scientists 162–163 D-Index: 17 scientists 164–165 D-Index: 12 scientists 166–167 D-Index: 11 scientists 168–169 D-Index: 9 scientists 170–171 D-Index: 9 scientists 172–173 D-Index: 11 scientists 174–175 D-Index: 4 scientists 176–177 D-Index: 8 scientists 178–179 D-Index: 5 scientists 180–181 D-Index: 3 scientists 182–183 D-Index: 4 scientists 184 D-Index: 4 scientists 185+ D-Index: 99 scientists
70–71 D-Index 185+

This scientist: 89 D-Index — 38th percentile

38% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 185 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Physics scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 3,678 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
70–71 76
72–73 110
74–75 143
76–77 153
78–79 144
80–81 167
82–83 167
84–85 166
86–87 132
88–89 155 89
90–91 134
92–93 137
94–95 102
96–97 112
98–99 110
100–101 116
102–103 97
104–105 103
106–107 87
108–109 90
110–111 67
112–113 78
114–115 75
116–117 67
118–119 69
120–121 60
122–123 59
124–125 53
126–127 42
128–129 41
130–131 33
132–133 32
134–135 45
136–137 19
138–139 24
140–141 28
142–143 31
144–145 22
146–147 20
148–149 12
150–151 16
152–153 24
154–155 23
156–157 15
158–159 15
160–161 11
162–163 17
164–165 12
166–167 11
168–169 9
170–171 9
172–173 11
174–175 4
176–177 8
178–179 5
180–181 3
182–183 4
184 4
185+ 99
Download as CSV

Research.com Recognitions

  • 2026 - Research.com Physics in Turkey Leader Award
  • 2019 - OSA Fellows Ekmel Ozbay Bilkent Universitesi, Turkey For sustained and outstanding contributions to the fields of nanophotonics, photonic crystals, and metamaterials
  • 2012 - Member of Academia Europaea

Overview

Ekmel Ozbay is affiliated with Bilkent University in Turkey. Their research spans several interconnected fields and subfields within science and engineering, primarily focusing on nanophotonics, photonic crystals, and metamaterials. Their main areas of study include engineering, materials science, and physics and astronomy.

The subfields they contribute to are:

  • Electrical and Electronic Engineering
  • Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
  • Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Biomedical Engineering

The core topics in their research portfolio cover:

  • Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
  • GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials
  • Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies
  • Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research
  • Photonic and Optical Devices
  • Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design
  • Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors

They have published extensively in various scientific journals. Their frequent publication venues include:

  • Optics Letters
  • Journal of Physics D Applied Physics
  • Chemistry - A European Journal
  • Ferroelectrics
  • IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices

Selected recent publications are:

  • How to Build Prussian Blue Based Water Oxidation Catalytic Assemblies: Common Trends and Strategies (2020), Chemistry - A European Journal
  • Strong Light-Matter Interactions in Au Plasmonic Nanoantennas Coupled with Prussian Blue Catalyst on BiVO4 for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting (2020), ChemSusChem
  • Active Tuning from Narrowband to Broadband Absorbers Using a Sub-wavelength VO2 Embedded Layer (2021), Plasmonics
  • Mid-infrared adaptive thermal camouflage using a phase-change material coupled dielectric nanoantenna (2021), Journal of Physics D Applied Physics
  • Epsilon-near-zero enhancement of near-field radiative heat transfer in BP/hBN and BP/α-MoO3 parallel-plate structures (2022), Applied Physics Letters

Frequent co-authors collaborating with Ekmel Ozbay are:

  • Amir Ghobadi
  • T. Gamze Ulusoy Ghobadi
  • Ferdi Karadaş
  • Amirullah M. Mamedov
  • Hodjat Hajian

The scientist has been recognized with the following awards:

  • OSA Fellows (2019) for sustained and outstanding contributions to nanophotonics, photonic crystals, and metamaterials
  • Member of Academia Europaea (2012)

Best Publications

  • Plasmonics: merging photonics and electronics at nanoscale dimensions.

    Ekmel Ozbay

  • Electromagnetic waves: Negative refraction by photonic crystals.

    Ertugrul Cubukcu;Koray Aydin;Ekmel Ozbay;Stavroula Foteinopoulou

  • Subwavelength resolution in a two-dimensional photonic-crystal-based superlens.

    E. Cubukcu;K. Aydin;Ekmel Özbay;S. Foteinopolou

  • Tight-binding description of the coupled defect modes in three-dimensional photonic crystals

    Mehmet Bayindir;B. Temelkuran;E. Ozbay

  • Zeta potential : a surface electrical characteristic to probe the interaction of nanoparticles with normal and cancer human breast epithelial cells

    Yu Zhang;Mo Yang;Nathaniel G. Portney;Daxiang Cui

  • Investigation of magnetic resonances for different split-ring resonator parameters and designs

    Koray Aydin;Irfan Bulu;Kaan Guven;Maria Kafesaki

  • Measurement of a three-dimensional photonic band gap in a crystal structure made of dielectric rods.

    E. Özbay;A. Abeyta;G. Tuttle;M. Tringides

  • Optically Implemented Broadband Blueshift Switch in the Terahertz Regime

    Nian-Hai Shen;Maria Massaouti;Mutlu Gokkavas;Jean-Michel Manceau

  • Micromachined millimeter‐wave photonic band‐gap crystals

    E. Özbay;E. Michel;G. Tuttle;R. Biswas

  • Equivalent-Circuit Models for the Design of Metamaterials Based on Artificial Magnetic Inclusions

    F. Bilotti;A. Toscano;L. Vegni;K. Aydin

  • Photonic-crystal-based beam splitters

    Mehmet Bayindir;B. Temelkuran;E. Ozbay

  • Chiral metamaterials: from optical activity and negative refractive index to asymmetric transmission

    Zhaofeng Li;Mehmet Mutlu;Ekmel Ozbay

  • Transmission properties of composite metamaterials in free space

    Mehmet Bayindir;K. Aydin;E. Ozbay;P. Markoš

  • Chiral metamaterials with negative refractive index based on four "U" split ring resonators

    Zhaofeng Li;Rongkuo Zhao;Thomas Koschny;Maria Kafesaki

  • Determination of the effective constitutive parameters of bianisotropic metamaterials from reflection and transmission coefficients

    Zhaofeng Li;Koray Aydin;Ekmel Ozbay

  • Subwavelength resolution with a negative-index metamaterial superlens

    Koray Aydin;Irfan Bulu;Ekmel Ozbay

  • Propagation of photons by hopping: A waveguiding mechanism through localized coupled cavities in three-dimensional photonic crystals

    Mehmet Bayindir;B. Temelkuran;E. Ozbay

  • Photonic crystal-based resonant antenna with a very high directivity

    B. Temelkuran;Mehmet Bayindir;E. Ozbay;R. Biswas

  • Diodelike asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized waves using magnetoelectric coupling and electromagnetic wave tunneling.

    Mehmet Mutlu;Ahmet E Akosman;Andriy E Serebryannikov;Ekmel Ozbay

  • Negative refraction and superlens behavior in a two-dimensional photonic crystal

    R. Moussa;S. Foteinopoulou;L. Zhang;G. Tuttle

Frequent Co-Authors

Koray Aydin
Koray Aydin Northwestern University
Costas M. Soukoulis
Costas M. Soukoulis Iowa State University
Necmi Biyikli
Necmi Biyikli University of Connecticut
Mehmet Bayindir
Mehmet Bayindir Universität Hamburg
Filiberto Bilotti
Filiberto Bilotti Roma Tre University
Lucio Vegni
Lucio Vegni Roma Tre University
Rana Biswas
Rana Biswas Iowa State University
D. M. Bloom
D. M. Bloom Stanford University
Maria Kafesaki
Maria Kafesaki University of Crete
Mihail M. Sigalas
Mihail M. Sigalas University of Patras

External Links

Wikipedia of Ekmel Ozbay Personal website of Ekmel Ozbay Google Scholar page

If you think any of the details on this page are incorrect, let us know.

Report an issue

We appreciate your kind effort to assist us to improve this page, it would be helpful providing us with as much detail as possible in the text box below:

Best Scientists Citing Ekmel Ozbay

Costas M. Soukoulis

Costas M. Soukoulis

Iowa State University

Publications: 104

Cumali Sabah

Cumali Sabah

Middle East Technical University

Publications: 62

Filiberto Bilotti

Filiberto Bilotti

Roma Tre University

Publications: 60

Tie Jun Cui

Tie Jun Cui

Southeast University

Publications: 53

Yongzhi Cheng

Yongzhi Cheng

Wuhan University of Science and Technology

Publications: 50

Kestutis Staliunas

Kestutis Staliunas

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya

Publications: 46

Sailing He

Sailing He

Zhejiang University

Publications: 46

Shoou-Jinn Chang

Shoou-Jinn Chang

National Cheng Kung University

Publications: 46

Maria Kafesaki

Maria Kafesaki

University of Crete

Publications: 44

Shanhui Fan

Shanhui Fan

Stanford University

Publications: 44

John D. Joannopoulos

John D. Joannopoulos

MIT

Publications: 41

Xiangang Luo

Xiangang Luo

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Publications: 40

Alessandro Toscano

Alessandro Toscano

Roma Tre University

Publications: 37

Yuri S. Kivshar

Yuri S. Kivshar

Australian National University

Publications: 37

Hongxing Xu

Hongxing Xu

Wuhan University

Publications: 36

Qihuang Gong

Qihuang Gong

Peking University

Publications: 36

Trending Scientists

Nasr M. Ghoniem

Nasr M. Ghoniem

University of California, Los Angeles

Huabing Li

Huabing Li

Northeastern University

Tim Kåre Jensen

Tim Kåre Jensen

University of Copenhagen

Swarup Bhunia

Swarup Bhunia

University of Florida

Khac Duc Do

Khac Duc Do

Curtin University

Seung H. Kang

Seung H. Kang

Qualcomm (United States)

C. Ledoux

C. Ledoux

European Southern Observatory

Ren Sun

Ren Sun

University of California, Los Angeles

Birgit Schittek

Birgit Schittek

University of Tübingen

David A. Low

David A. Low

University of California, Santa Barbara

Alan F. Smeaton

Alan F. Smeaton

Dublin City University

Suzanne Bakken

Suzanne Bakken

Columbia University

David R. Mullins

David R. Mullins

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Praneet Opanasopit

Praneet Opanasopit

Silpakorn University

David R. Farley

David R. Farley

Mayo Clinic

Chakravarthi Narasimhan

Chakravarthi Narasimhan

Washington University in St. Louis

Related Physics Rankings & Guides

2027 Most Affordable Online Physics Degree Programs

2027 Most Affordable Online Physics Degree Programs
2027 Most Affordable Online Space Studies Degree Programs

2027 Most Affordable Online Space Studies Degree Programs
2027 Online Photography Degree Programs for Veterans: GI Bill Benefits, Costs & Top Considerations

2027 Online Photography Degree Programs for Veterans: GI Bill Benefits, Costs & Top Considerations
2027 Online Photography Degree Programs Costs: Tuition & Fees

2027 Online Photography Degree Programs Costs: Tuition & Fees
2027 How To Become a Paleontologist? Salary & Career Paths

2027 How To Become a Paleontologist? Salary & Career Paths
2027 Admission Requirements for Physics Degree Programs

2027 Admission Requirements for Physics Degree Programs
2027 Best Online Space Studies Degree Programs

2027 Best Online Space Studies Degree Programs
2027 Best Online Physics Degree Programs

2027 Best Online Physics Degree Programs
2027 Fastest Online Urban Planning Degree Programs You Can Finish in Under 2 Years

2027 Fastest Online Urban Planning Degree Programs You Can Finish in Under 2 Years

Recently Published Articles

2027 Cheapest and Shortest Online Clinical Psychology Degree Programs That Pay Well: Cost, Duration, and Salary Outlook

2027 Cheapest and Shortest Online Clinical Psychology Degree Programs That Pay Well: Cost, Duration, and Salary Outlook
2027 Best Marriage and Family Therapy (MFT) Programs in New Hampshire: Online & Campus

2027 Best Marriage and Family Therapy (MFT) Programs in New Hampshire: Online & Campus
2027 Art History Degree Master's Programs Accepting Students Now

2027 Art History Degree Master's Programs Accepting Students Now
2027 How to Become a High School History Teacher in Georgia: Requirements & Certification

2027 How to Become a High School History Teacher in Georgia: Requirements & Certification
2027 Journalism Degree Careers Ranked by Salary, Growth, and Work-Life Balance

2027 Journalism Degree Careers Ranked by Salary, Growth, and Work-Life Balance
2027 Most Affordable Online Natural Sciences Degree Programs

2027 Most Affordable Online Natural Sciences Degree Programs
2027 Best Environmental Sustainability Degree Programs

2027 Best Environmental Sustainability Degree Programs
2027 How to Become a Librarian in Massachusetts

2027 How to Become a Librarian in Massachusetts
2027 Emergency Management Degree vs. Certificate: Which Should You Choose?

2027 Emergency Management Degree vs. Certificate: Which Should You Choose?
2027 Online English as a Second Language (ESL) Bachelor's Degrees for Adults Over 30

2027 Online English as a Second Language (ESL) Bachelor's Degrees for Adults Over 30
2027 Best Online Master’s Degree in Sports Analytics Programs

2027 Best Online Master’s Degree in Sports Analytics Programs
2027 Best Value Online MSW Programs (Cost vs ROI)

2027 Best Value Online MSW Programs (Cost vs ROI)
2027 How to Become a Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT) in Louisville, KY: License Requirements & Salary

2027 How to Become a Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT) in Louisville, KY: License Requirements & Salary
2027 Online Biomedical Sciences Degree Master's Programs with No GRE or GMAT Requirements

2027 Online Biomedical Sciences Degree Master's Programs with No GRE or GMAT Requirements
2027 Best Online Fire Science Doctorate Specializations for Career Growth

2027 Best Online Fire Science Doctorate Specializations for Career Growth
2027 Fastest Online English Degree Programs You Can Finish in Under 2 Years

2027 Fastest Online English Degree Programs You Can Finish in Under 2 Years
2027 Are There Any One-Year Online Mechanical Engineering Degree Programs Worth Considering?

2027 Are There Any One-Year Online Mechanical Engineering Degree Programs Worth Considering?
2027 Cheapest Way to Get a Teaching Credential in Orlando, FL: Degree Requirements & Certification

2027 Cheapest Way to Get a Teaching Credential in Orlando, FL: Degree Requirements & Certification
2027 Is Environmental Science a Hard Major? What Students Should Know

2027 Is Environmental Science a Hard Major? What Students Should Know
2027 How to Become a Teacher Online in Minnesota: Requirements & Certification

2027 How to Become a Teacher Online in Minnesota: Requirements & Certification
2027 How Much Does a Ph.D. Cost?

2027 How Much Does a Ph.D. Cost?