World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!

D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Microbiology 60 3106 2843 1228 1090 203 14353

Carl D. Kirkwood publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Carl D. Kirkwood between 1991 and 2026, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Carl D. Kirkwood published across 36 years, from 1991 to 2026, averaging 6.2 papers a year. Output peaked at 16 publications in 2011. 4 of the 223 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
5 10 15
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1991 to 2026. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 16. Peak 16 publications in 2011. 1991: 1 publication 1992: 0 publications 1993: 1 publication 1994: 1 publication 1995: 1 publication 1996: 3 publications 1997: 1 publication 1998: 1 publication 1999: 3 publications 2000: 3 publications 2001: 3 publications 2002: 2 publications 2003: 7 publications 2004: 3 publications 2005: 3 publications 2006: 7 publications 2007: 4 publications 2008: 13 publications 2009: 15 publications 2010: 10 publications 2011: 16 publications 2012: 15 publications 2013: 16 publications 2014: 14 publications 2015: 12 publications 2016: 3 publications 2017: 14 publications 2018: 16 publications 2019: 9 publications 2020: 9 publications 2021: 4 publications 2022: 3 publications 2023: 4 publications 2024: 2 publications 2025: 3 publications 2026: 1 publication
1991 2026

223 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Carl D. Kirkwood: publications per year, 1991 to 2026
Year Publications
1991 1
1992 0
1993 1
1994 1
1995 1
1996 3
1997 1
1998 1
1999 3
2000 3
2001 3
2002 2
2003 7
2004 3
2005 3
2006 7
2007 4
2008 13
2009 15
2010 10
2011 16
2012 15
2013 16
2014 14
2015 12
2016 3
2017 14
2018 16
2019 9
2020 9
2021 4
2022 3
2023 4
2024 2
2025 3
2026 1
Total 223
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Carl D. Kirkwood publication distribution in Microbiology in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Microbiology in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Carl D. Kirkwood sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150 200 250
Bar chart with 64 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 55–64 to 679+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 288. Most scientists, 288, have 135–144 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 679 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 195–204 publications, is where this scientist sits. 55–64 publications: 8 scientists 65–74 publications: 29 scientists 75–84 publications: 55 scientists 85–94 publications: 112 scientists 95–104 publications: 137 scientists 105–114 publications: 190 scientists 115–124 publications: 235 scientists 125–134 publications: 234 scientists 135–144 publications: 288 scientists 145–154 publications: 265 scientists 155–164 publications: 264 scientists 165–174 publications: 253 scientists 175–184 publications: 276 scientists 185–194 publications: 190 scientists 195–204 publications: 234 scientists 205–214 publications: 208 scientists 215–224 publications: 198 scientists 225–234 publications: 155 scientists 235–244 publications: 161 scientists 245–254 publications: 160 scientists 255–264 publications: 146 scientists 265–274 publications: 139 scientists 275–284 publications: 148 scientists 285–294 publications: 115 scientists 295–304 publications: 96 scientists 305–314 publications: 88 scientists 315–324 publications: 106 scientists 325–334 publications: 65 scientists 335–344 publications: 76 scientists 345–354 publications: 64 scientists 355–364 publications: 62 scientists 365–374 publications: 65 scientists 375–384 publications: 61 scientists 385–394 publications: 34 scientists 395–404 publications: 44 scientists 405–414 publications: 36 scientists 415–424 publications: 35 scientists 425–434 publications: 29 scientists 435–444 publications: 33 scientists 445–454 publications: 34 scientists 455–464 publications: 25 scientists 465–474 publications: 26 scientists 475–484 publications: 20 scientists 485–494 publications: 19 scientists 495–504 publications: 16 scientists 505–514 publications: 17 scientists 515–524 publications: 23 scientists 525–534 publications: 14 scientists 535–544 publications: 14 scientists 545–554 publications: 18 scientists 555–564 publications: 12 scientists 565–574 publications: 7 scientists 575–584 publications: 9 scientists 585–594 publications: 9 scientists 595–604 publications: 9 scientists 605–614 publications: 7 scientists 615–624 publications: 9 scientists 625–634 publications: 7 scientists 635–644 publications: 4 scientists 645–654 publications: 5 scientists 655–664 publications: 6 scientists 665–674 publications: 7 scientists 675–678 publications: 3 scientists 679+ publications: 99 scientists
55–64 publications 679+

This scientist: 203 publications — 50th percentile

50% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 679 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Microbiology scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 5,513 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
55–64 8
65–74 29
75–84 55
85–94 112
95–104 137
105–114 190
115–124 235
125–134 234
135–144 288
145–154 265
155–164 264
165–174 253
175–184 276
185–194 190
195–204 234 203
205–214 208
215–224 198
225–234 155
235–244 161
245–254 160
255–264 146
265–274 139
275–284 148
285–294 115
295–304 96
305–314 88
315–324 106
325–334 65
335–344 76
345–354 64
355–364 62
365–374 65
375–384 61
385–394 34
395–404 44
405–414 36
415–424 35
425–434 29
435–444 33
445–454 34
455–464 25
465–474 26
475–484 20
485–494 19
495–504 16
505–514 17
515–524 23
525–534 14
535–544 14
545–554 18
555–564 12
565–574 7
575–584 9
585–594 9
595–604 9
605–614 7
615–624 9
625–634 7
635–644 4
645–654 5
655–664 6
665–674 7
675–678 3
679+ 99
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Carl D. Kirkwood D-index placement in Microbiology in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Microbiology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Carl D. Kirkwood sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150
Bar chart with 88 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 40 to 127+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 162. Most scientists, 162, have 58 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 127 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 60 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 40 D-Index: 30 scientists 41 D-Index: 86 scientists 42 D-Index: 90 scientists 43 D-Index: 117 scientists 44 D-Index: 122 scientists 45 D-Index: 123 scientists 46 D-Index: 108 scientists 47 D-Index: 110 scientists 48 D-Index: 106 scientists 49 D-Index: 109 scientists 50 D-Index: 129 scientists 51 D-Index: 111 scientists 52 D-Index: 116 scientists 53 D-Index: 127 scientists 54 D-Index: 134 scientists 55 D-Index: 134 scientists 56 D-Index: 112 scientists 57 D-Index: 136 scientists 58 D-Index: 162 scientists 59 D-Index: 151 scientists 60 D-Index: 139 scientists 61 D-Index: 123 scientists 62 D-Index: 126 scientists 63 D-Index: 144 scientists 64 D-Index: 109 scientists 65 D-Index: 103 scientists 66 D-Index: 124 scientists 67 D-Index: 112 scientists 68 D-Index: 103 scientists 69 D-Index: 131 scientists 70 D-Index: 94 scientists 71 D-Index: 93 scientists 72 D-Index: 96 scientists 73 D-Index: 92 scientists 74 D-Index: 80 scientists 75 D-Index: 66 scientists 76 D-Index: 87 scientists 77 D-Index: 60 scientists 78 D-Index: 73 scientists 79 D-Index: 59 scientists 80 D-Index: 57 scientists 81 D-Index: 55 scientists 82 D-Index: 47 scientists 83 D-Index: 77 scientists 84 D-Index: 50 scientists 85 D-Index: 45 scientists 86 D-Index: 42 scientists 87 D-Index: 41 scientists 88 D-Index: 32 scientists 89 D-Index: 38 scientists 90 D-Index: 35 scientists 91 D-Index: 34 scientists 92 D-Index: 27 scientists 93 D-Index: 26 scientists 94 D-Index: 33 scientists 95 D-Index: 22 scientists 96 D-Index: 37 scientists 97 D-Index: 22 scientists 98 D-Index: 21 scientists 99 D-Index: 22 scientists 100 D-Index: 30 scientists 101 D-Index: 16 scientists 102 D-Index: 20 scientists 103 D-Index: 17 scientists 104 D-Index: 19 scientists 105 D-Index: 16 scientists 106 D-Index: 19 scientists 107 D-Index: 18 scientists 108 D-Index: 14 scientists 109 D-Index: 10 scientists 110 D-Index: 9 scientists 111 D-Index: 7 scientists 112 D-Index: 11 scientists 113 D-Index: 6 scientists 114 D-Index: 15 scientists 115 D-Index: 10 scientists 116 D-Index: 12 scientists 117 D-Index: 7 scientists 118 D-Index: 10 scientists 119 D-Index: 10 scientists 120 D-Index: 11 scientists 121 D-Index: 2 scientists 122 D-Index: 7 scientists 123 D-Index: 12 scientists 124 D-Index: 5 scientists 125 D-Index: 9 scientists 126 D-Index: 6 scientists 127+ D-Index: 95 scientists
40 D-Index 127+

This scientist: 60 D-Index — 44th percentile

44% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 127 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Microbiology scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 5,513 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
40 30
41 86
42 90
43 117
44 122
45 123
46 108
47 110
48 106
49 109
50 129
51 111
52 116
53 127
54 134
55 134
56 112
57 136
58 162
59 151
60 139 60
61 123
62 126
63 144
64 109
65 103
66 124
67 112
68 103
69 131
70 94
71 93
72 96
73 92
74 80
75 66
76 87
77 60
78 73
79 59
80 57
81 55
82 47
83 77
84 50
85 45
86 42
87 41
88 32
89 38
90 35
91 34
92 27
93 26
94 33
95 22
96 37
97 22
98 21
99 22
100 30
101 16
102 20
103 17
104 19
105 16
106 19
107 18
108 14
109 10
110 9
111 7
112 11
113 6
114 15
115 10
116 12
117 7
118 10
119 10
120 11
121 2
122 7
123 12
124 5
125 9
126 6
127+ 95
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Overview

Carl D. Kirkwood is affiliated with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in the United States. Their research primarily focuses on medicine, with a significant portion dedicated to infectious diseases and hepatology. Kirkwood's work spans several related subfields including cardiology and cardiovascular medicine, animal science and zoology, and epidemiology.

The scientist's publication record includes contributions to various topics, notably viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology, hepatitis viruses studies and epidemiology, and viral infections and immunology research. Other areas of focus include animal virus infections studies, liver disease and transplantation, gut microbiota and health, and inflammatory bowel disease.

Frequent coauthors collaborating with Carl D. Kirkwood include Julie E. Bines, A. Duncan Steele, Margie Danchin, Celeste M. Donato, and Umesh D. Parashar.

Key publication venues for Kirkwood are:

  • Vaccine
  • The Journal of Infectious Diseases
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
  • Gut Microbes
  • BMC Public Health

Significant recent papers include:

  • Luminal microbiota related to Crohn's disease recurrence after surgery, 2020, Gut Microbes
  • Systematic review of global hepatitis E outbreaks to inform response and coordination initiatives, 2023, BMC Public Health
  • Hepatitis E should be a global public health priority: recommendations for improving surveillance and prevention, 2020, Expert Review of Vaccines
  • The Challenges and Opportunities of Next-Generation Rotavirus Vaccines: Summary of an Expert Meeting with Vaccine Developers, 2022, Viruses
  • The impact of the rotavirus vaccine on diarrhoea, five years following national introduction in Fiji, 2020, The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific

Best Publications

  • Uniformity of rotavirus strain nomenclature proposed by the Rotavirus Classification Working Group (RCWG).

    Jelle Matthijnssens;Max Ciarlet;Sarah M. McDonald;Houssam Attoui

  • Recommendations for the classification of group A rotaviruses using all 11 genomic RNA segments.

    Jelle Matthijnssens;Max Ciarlet;Mustafizur Rahman;Mustafizur Rahman;Houssam Attoui

  • Rotavirus Vaccination and the Global Burden of Rotavirus Diarrhea Among Children Younger Than 5 Years.

    Christopher Troeger;Ibrahim A. Khalil;Puja C. Rao;Shujin Cao

  • Serotype diversity and reassortment between human and animal rotavirus strains: implications for rotavirus vaccine programs.

    Jon R. Gentsch;Ashley R. Laird;Brittany Bielfelt;Dixie D. Griffin

  • The Vast and Varied Global Burden of Norovirus: Prospects for Prevention and Control

    Benjamin A. Lopman;Duncan Steele;Carl D. Kirkwood;Umesh D. Parashar

  • Metagenomic Analysis of Human Diarrhea: Viral Detection and Discovery

    Stacy R Finkbeiner;Adam F Allred;Phillip I Tarr;Eilleen J Klein

  • Rotavirus antigenaemia and viraemia: a common event?

    Sarah E Blutt;Carl D Kirkwood;Viviana Parreño;Kelly L Warfield

  • Reduction in rotavirus-associated acute gastroenteritis following introduction of rotavirus vaccine into Australia's National Childhood vaccine schedule.

    Jim P. Buttery;Jim P. Buttery;Stephen B. Lambert;Stephen B. Lambert;Keith Grimwood;Keith Grimwood;Michael D. Nissen;Michael D. Nissen

  • Recent advances in characterizing the gastrointestinal microbiome in Crohn's disease: a systematic review.

    Emily K. Wright;Michael A. Kamm;Shu Mei Teo;Michael Inouye

  • New oligonucleotide primers for P-typing of rotavirus strains: Strategies for typing previously untypeable strains.

    Mirjam Kühne Simmonds;George Armah;Richard Asmah;Indrani Banerjee

  • Complete genome sequence of a highly divergent astrovirus isolated from a child with acute diarrhea.

    Stacy R Finkbeiner;Carl D Kirkwood;David Wang

  • Distribution of rotavirus genotypes after introduction of rotavirus vaccines, Rotarix® and RotaTeq®, into the National Immunization Program of Australia.

    Carl D. Kirkwood;Karen Boniface;Graeme L. Barnes;Ruth F. Bishop

  • Characterization of Nontypeable Rotavirus Strains from the United States: Identification of a New Rotavirus Reassortant (P2A[6],G12) and Rare P3[9] Strains Related to Bovine Rotaviruses

    D D Griffin;T Nakagomi;Y Hoshino;O Nakagomi

  • Risk factors for intussusception in infants in Vietnam and Australia: Adenovirus implicated, but not rotavirus

    Julie E. Bines;Nguyen Thanh Liem;Frances A. Justice;Tran Ngoc Son

  • Surveillance of Rotavirus Strains in the United States: Identification of Unusual Strains

    D D Griffin;C D Kirkwood;U D Parashar;P A Woods

  • Current and new rotavirus vaccines

    Rachel Burke;Jacqueline Tate;Carl Kirkwood;A. Steele

  • Comparative Evolution of GII.3 and GII.4 Norovirus over a 31-Year Period

    Denali Boon;Jackie E. Mahar;Jackie E. Mahar;Eugenio J. Abente;Carl D. Kirkwood

  • Bacteriophages in gut samples from pediatric Crohn's disease patients: metagenomic analysis using 454 pyrosequencing.

    Josef Wagner;Jovana Maksimovic;Gabriella Farries;Winnie H Sim

  • Genetic and antigenic diversity of human rotaviruses: potential impact on vaccination programs.

    Carl D. Kirkwood

  • Emergence of a novel equine-like G3P[8] inter-genogroup reassortant rotavirus strain associated with gastroenteritis in Australian children.

    Daniel Cowley;Celeste M. Donato;Susie Roczo-Farkas;Carl D. Kirkwood;Carl D. Kirkwood

  • Molecular characterization of serotype G9 rotavirus strains from a global collection.

    M. Ramachandran;C.D. Kirkwood;L. Unicomb;N.A. Cunliffe;N.A. Cunliffe

  • A 5-year study of the prevalence and genetic diversity of human caliciviruses associated with sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis in young children admitted to hospital in Melbourne, Australia (1998-2002).

    Carl D. Kirkwood;Ruth. Clark;Nada. Bogdanovic-Sakran;Ruth F. Bishop;Ruth F. Bishop

Frequent Co-Authors

Ruth F. Bishop
Ruth F. Bishop University of Melbourne
Michael A. Kamm
Michael A. Kamm University of Melbourne
Stephen B. Lambert
Stephen B. Lambert Australian National University
Keith Grimwood
Keith Grimwood Griffith University
Jelle Matthijnssens
Jelle Matthijnssens Rega Institute for Medical Research
Michael Inouye
Michael Inouye Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute
Umesh D. Parashar
Umesh D. Parashar Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Nigel A. Cunliffe
Nigel A. Cunliffe University of Liverpool
Max Ciarlet
Max Ciarlet Novartis (Switzerland)

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