World's Best Scientists 2026 revealed!

D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Earth Science 38 6475 5998 1 1 155 5661

Christian Birkel publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Christian Birkel between 1990 and 2025, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Christian Birkel published across 36 years, from 1990 to 2025, averaging 6.8 papers a year. Output peaked at 29 publications in 2023. 46 of the 244 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
5 10 15 20 25
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1990 to 2025. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 29. Peak 29 publications in 2023. 1990: 1 publication 1991: 0 publications 1992: 0 publications 1993: 0 publications 1994: 0 publications 1995: 0 publications 1996: 0 publications 1997: 0 publications 1998: 0 publications 1999: 0 publications 2000: 0 publications 2001: 0 publications 2002: 0 publications 2003: 0 publications 2004: 0 publications 2005: 0 publications 2006: 0 publications 2007: 0 publications 2008: 0 publications 2009: 5 publications 2010: 8 publications 2011: 4 publications 2012: 7 publications 2013: 5 publications 2014: 9 publications 2015: 17 publications 2016: 14 publications 2017: 18 publications 2018: 8 publications 2019: 26 publications 2020: 19 publications 2021: 16 publications 2022: 12 publications 2023: 29 publications 2024: 23 publications 2025: 23 publications
1990 2025

244 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Christian Birkel: publications per year, 1990 to 2025
Year Publications
1990 1
1991 0
1992 0
1993 0
1994 0
1995 0
1996 0
1997 0
1998 0
1999 0
2000 0
2001 0
2002 0
2003 0
2004 0
2005 0
2006 0
2007 0
2008 0
2009 5
2010 8
2011 4
2012 7
2013 5
2014 9
2015 17
2016 14
2017 18
2018 8
2019 26
2020 19
2021 16
2022 12
2023 29
2024 23
2025 23
Total 244
Download as CSV

Christian Birkel publications per year - data summary

  • Christian Birkel, a Earth Science scholar from University of Costa Rica, has 244 publications recorded across 36 years, from 1990 to 2025.
  • The oldest publication on record dates to 1990 and the most recent to 2025.
  • The most productive year is 2023, with 29 publications.
  • The least productive year with any output is 1990, with 1 publication.
  • 18 of the 36 years in the span carry no publications at all (1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 and others).
  • The rate of publication averages 6.8 papers per year over the whole span, or 13.6 per year counting only the 18 years with at least one publication.
  • The last 5 years on the chart (2021-2025) hold 103 publications, 42% of the career total.
  • Split into equal eras - 1990-2001: 1 publication (0.1 per year); 2002-2013: 29 publications (2.4 per year); 2014-2025: 214 publications (17.8 per year).
  • Comparing the opening and closing eras, the overall trend of publication is rising.

Christian Birkel publication distribution in Earth Science in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Earth Science in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Christian Birkel sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
100 200 300 400 500
Bar chart with 58 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 38–47 to 603+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 557. Most scientists, 557, have 128–137 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 603 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 148–157 publications, is where this scientist sits. 38–47 publications: 5 scientists 48–57 publications: 33 scientists 58–67 publications: 94 scientists 68–77 publications: 161 scientists 78–87 publications: 278 scientists 88–97 publications: 376 scientists 98–107 publications: 404 scientists 108–117 publications: 484 scientists 118–127 publications: 540 scientists 128–137 publications: 557 scientists 138–147 publications: 491 scientists 148–157 publications: 495 scientists 158–167 publications: 458 scientists 168–177 publications: 490 scientists 178–187 publications: 414 scientists 188–197 publications: 401 scientists 198–207 publications: 333 scientists 208–217 publications: 292 scientists 218–227 publications: 290 scientists 228–237 publications: 262 scientists 238–247 publications: 243 scientists 248–257 publications: 208 scientists 258–267 publications: 185 scientists 268–277 publications: 147 scientists 278–287 publications: 128 scientists 288–297 publications: 119 scientists 298–307 publications: 120 scientists 308–317 publications: 107 scientists 318–327 publications: 93 scientists 328–337 publications: 87 scientists 338–347 publications: 64 scientists 348–357 publications: 87 scientists 358–367 publications: 60 scientists 368–377 publications: 60 scientists 378–387 publications: 34 scientists 388–397 publications: 50 scientists 398–407 publications: 44 scientists 408–417 publications: 31 scientists 418–427 publications: 39 scientists 428–437 publications: 27 scientists 438–447 publications: 36 scientists 448–457 publications: 27 scientists 458–467 publications: 29 scientists 468–477 publications: 30 scientists 478–487 publications: 19 scientists 488–497 publications: 15 scientists 498–507 publications: 18 scientists 508–517 publications: 19 scientists 518–527 publications: 16 scientists 528–537 publications: 10 scientists 538–547 publications: 11 scientists 548–557 publications: 14 scientists 558–567 publications: 11 scientists 568–577 publications: 7 scientists 578–587 publications: 14 scientists 588–597 publications: 5 scientists 598–602 publications: 4 scientists 603+ publications: 100 scientists
38–47 publications 603+

This scientist: 155 publications — 42nd percentile

42% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 603 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Earth Science scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 9,176 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
38–47 5
48–57 33
58–67 94
68–77 161
78–87 278
88–97 376
98–107 404
108–117 484
118–127 540
128–137 557
138–147 491
148–157 495 155
158–167 458
168–177 490
178–187 414
188–197 401
198–207 333
208–217 292
218–227 290
228–237 262
238–247 243
248–257 208
258–267 185
268–277 147
278–287 128
288–297 119
298–307 120
308–317 107
318–327 93
328–337 87
338–347 64
348–357 87
358–367 60
368–377 60
378–387 34
388–397 50
398–407 44
408–417 31
418–427 39
428–437 27
438–447 36
448–457 27
458–467 29
468–477 30
478–487 19
488–497 15
498–507 18
508–517 19
518–527 16
528–537 10
538–547 11
548–557 14
558–567 11
568–577 7
578–587 14
588–597 5
598–602 4
603+ 100
Download as CSV

Christian Birkel publication distribution in Earth Science in 2026 - data summary

  • The chart plots the publication count of all 9,176 Earth Science scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026, grouped into 58 ranges running from 38–47 to 603+ publications.
  • Christian Birkel, a Earth Science scholar from University of Costa Rica, records 155 publications - the 42nd percentile of the discipline.
  • 42% of ranked Earth Science scientists score the same or lower than Christian Birkel, and about 58% score higher.
  • The median of the discipline falls in the 168–177 publications range, and Christian Birkel ranks below the median.
  • The most crowded range is 128–137 publications, holding 557 scientists (6% of the field).
  • 58% of the field sits in the lowest quarter of the value range (up to 178–187 publications), so the distribution is heavily right-skewed and high scores are rare.
  • The final bar has no upper bound: it groups every scientist with 603 publications or more, 100 scientists in all (1% of the field).

Christian Birkel D-index placement in Earth Science in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Earth Science scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Christian Birkel sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
100 200 300
Bar chart with 77 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 30 to 106+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 389. Most scientists, 389, have 36 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 106 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 38 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 30 D-Index: 144 scientists 31 D-Index: 215 scientists 32 D-Index: 278 scientists 33 D-Index: 379 scientists 34 D-Index: 366 scientists 35 D-Index: 372 scientists 36 D-Index: 389 scientists 37 D-Index: 366 scientists 38 D-Index: 344 scientists 39 D-Index: 349 scientists 40 D-Index: 296 scientists 41 D-Index: 289 scientists 42 D-Index: 277 scientists 43 D-Index: 279 scientists 44 D-Index: 248 scientists 45 D-Index: 257 scientists 46 D-Index: 212 scientists 47 D-Index: 202 scientists 48 D-Index: 207 scientists 49 D-Index: 204 scientists 50 D-Index: 183 scientists 51 D-Index: 178 scientists 52 D-Index: 182 scientists 53 D-Index: 178 scientists 54 D-Index: 163 scientists 55 D-Index: 117 scientists 56 D-Index: 163 scientists 57 D-Index: 120 scientists 58 D-Index: 113 scientists 59 D-Index: 136 scientists 60 D-Index: 135 scientists 61 D-Index: 96 scientists 62 D-Index: 103 scientists 63 D-Index: 83 scientists 64 D-Index: 103 scientists 65 D-Index: 83 scientists 66 D-Index: 89 scientists 67 D-Index: 92 scientists 68 D-Index: 89 scientists 69 D-Index: 78 scientists 70 D-Index: 75 scientists 71 D-Index: 53 scientists 72 D-Index: 62 scientists 73 D-Index: 54 scientists 74 D-Index: 35 scientists 75 D-Index: 52 scientists 76 D-Index: 50 scientists 77 D-Index: 32 scientists 78 D-Index: 37 scientists 79 D-Index: 20 scientists 80 D-Index: 33 scientists 81 D-Index: 36 scientists 82 D-Index: 34 scientists 83 D-Index: 34 scientists 84 D-Index: 24 scientists 85 D-Index: 19 scientists 86 D-Index: 18 scientists 87 D-Index: 26 scientists 88 D-Index: 30 scientists 89 D-Index: 17 scientists 90 D-Index: 21 scientists 91 D-Index: 19 scientists 92 D-Index: 15 scientists 93 D-Index: 14 scientists 94 D-Index: 20 scientists 95 D-Index: 9 scientists 96 D-Index: 10 scientists 97 D-Index: 15 scientists 98 D-Index: 13 scientists 99 D-Index: 3 scientists 100 D-Index: 13 scientists 101 D-Index: 3 scientists 102 D-Index: 9 scientists 103 D-Index: 4 scientists 104 D-Index: 6 scientists 105 D-Index: 6 scientists 106+ D-Index: 98 scientists
30 D-Index 106+

This scientist: 38 D-Index — 31st percentile

31% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 106 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Earth Science scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 9,176 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
30 144
31 215
32 278
33 379
34 366
35 372
36 389
37 366
38 344 38
39 349
40 296
41 289
42 277
43 279
44 248
45 257
46 212
47 202
48 207
49 204
50 183
51 178
52 182
53 178
54 163
55 117
56 163
57 120
58 113
59 136
60 135
61 96
62 103
63 83
64 103
65 83
66 89
67 92
68 89
69 78
70 75
71 53
72 62
73 54
74 35
75 52
76 50
77 32
78 37
79 20
80 33
81 36
82 34
83 34
84 24
85 19
86 18
87 26
88 30
89 17
90 21
91 19
92 15
93 14
94 20
95 9
96 10
97 15
98 13
99 3
100 13
101 3
102 9
103 4
104 6
105 6
106+ 98
Download as CSV

Christian Birkel D-index placement in Earth Science in 2026 - data summary

  • The chart plots the discipline H-index (D-index) of all 9,176 Earth Science scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026, grouped into 77 ranges running from 30 to 106+ D-Index.
  • Christian Birkel, a Earth Science scholar from University of Costa Rica, records 38 D-Index - the 31st percentile of the discipline.
  • 31% of ranked Earth Science scientists score the same or lower than Christian Birkel, and about 69% score higher.
  • The median of the discipline falls in the 44 D-Index range, and Christian Birkel ranks below the median.
  • The most crowded range is 36 D-Index, holding 389 scientists (4% of the field).
  • 62% of the field sits in the lowest quarter of the value range (up to 49 D-Index), so the distribution is heavily right-skewed and high scores are rare.
  • The final bar has no upper bound: it groups every scientist with 106 D-Index or more, 98 scientists in all (1% of the field).

Overview

Christian Birkel is affiliated with the University of Costa Rica in Costa Rica. Their research primarily focuses on environmental science, with extensive work across related subfields including global and planetary change, water science and technology, ecology, atmospheric science, and environmental engineering.

Their work covers a wide range of topics within environmental science, particularly emphasizing hydrology and watershed management studies, flood risk assessment and management, climate variability and models, groundwater and isotope geochemistry, plant water relations and carbon dynamics, soil and water nutrient dynamics, and hydrology and sediment transport processes.

Christian Birkel has authored several scientific papers, including:

  • RF-MEP: A novel Random Forest method for merging gridded precipitation products and ground-based measurements (2020) published in Remote Sensing of Environment
  • Improving regional flood risk assessment using flood frequency and dendrogeomorphic analyses in mountain catchments impacted by tropical cyclones (2021) published in Geomorphology
  • Dendrogeomorphic reconstruction of floods in a dynamic tropical river (2020) published in Geomorphology
  • Continuous in situ measurements of water stable isotopes in soils, tree trunk and root xylem: Field approval (2021) published in Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
  • Tracer-Aided Modeling in the Low-Relief, Wet-Dry Tropics Suggests Water Ages and DOC Export Are Driven by Seasonal Wetlands and Deep Groundwater (2020) published in Water Resources Research

Christian Birkel frequently publishes in several venues, with a notable number of publications in:

  • Hydrological Processes
  • Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
  • Journal of Hydrology
  • Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences
  • The Science of The Total Environment

Their collaborations include frequent co-authors such as:

  • Ricardo Sánchez-Murillo
  • Doerthe Tetzlaff
  • Chris Soulsby
  • Saúl Arciniega-Esparza
  • Germain Esquivel-Hernández

Best Publications

  • Global rainfall erosivity assessment based on high-temporal resolution rainfall records

    Panos Panagos;Pasquale Borrelli;Katrin Meusburger;Bofu Yu

  • Temporal and spatial evaluation of satellite-based rainfall estimates across the complex topographical and climatic gradients of Chile

    Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini;Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini;Alexandra Nauditt;Christian Birkel;Christian Birkel;Koen Verbist

  • Storage dynamics in hydropedological units control hillslope connectivity, runoff generation, and the evolution of catchment transit time distributions.

    Doerthe Tetzlaff;Christian Birkel;Jonathan James Dick;Josie Geris

  • RF-MEP: A novel random forest method for merging gridded precipitation products and ground-based measurements

    Oscar M. Baez-Villanueva;Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini;Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini;Hylke E. Beck;Ian McNamara

  • Stream water age distributions controlled by storage dynamics and nonlinear hydrologic connectivity: Modeling with high-resolution isotope data.

    C Soulsby;C Birkel;J Geris;J Dick

  • Advancing tracer-aided rainfall–runoff modelling: a review of progress, problems and unrealised potential

    Christian Birkel;Christian Birkel;Chris Soulsby

  • Using SAS functions and high-resolution isotope data to unravel travel time distributions in headwater catchments

    Paolo Benettin;Chris Soulsby;Christian Birkel;Doerthe Tetzlaff

  • Modelling catchment‐scale water storage dynamics: reconciling dynamic storage with tracer‐inferred passive storage

    Christian Birkel;Christopher Soulsby;Doerthe Tetzlaff

  • Towards a simple dynamic process conceptualization in rainfall–runoff models using multi-criteria calibration and tracers in temperate, upland catchments

    C. Birkel;C. Birkel;D. Tetzlaff;S. M. Dunn;C. Soulsby

  • High‐frequency storm event isotope sampling reveals time‐variant transit time distributions and influence of diurnal cycles

    Christian Birkel;Christian Birkel;Christopher Soulsby;Doerthe Tetzlaff;Sarah Dunn

  • Using time domain and geographic source tracers to conceptualize streamflow generation processes in lumped rainfall-runoff models

    Christian Birkel;Doerthe Tetzlaff;Sarah M. Dunn;Chris Soulsby

  • Key drivers controlling stable isotope variations in daily precipitation of Costa Rica: Caribbean Sea versus Eastern Pacific Ocean moisture sources

    Ricardo Sánchez-Murillo;C. Birkel;C. Birkel;Kristen Welsh;Kristen Welsh;G. Esquivel-Hernández

  • Modelling landscape controls on dissolved organic carbon sources and fluxes to streams

    J. J. Dick;D. Tetzlaff;C. Birkel;C. Soulsby

  • Conceptual modelling to assess how the interplay of hydrological connectivity, catchment storage and tracer dynamics controls nonstationary water age estimates

    Christian Birkel;Chris Soulsby;Doerthe Tetzlaff

  • Groundwater recharge mechanisms inferred from isoscapes in a complex tropical mountainous region

    Ricardo Sánchez‐Murillo;Christian Birkel;Christian Birkel

  • Developing a consistent process-based conceptualization of catchment functioning using measurements of internal state variables

    Christian Birkel;Christopher Soulsby;Doerthe Tetzlaff

  • Assessing the value of high-resolution isotope tracer data in the stepwise development of a lumped conceptual rainfall-runoff model

    C. Birkel;C. Birkel;S. M. Dunn;D. Tetzlaff;C. Soulsby

  • A comparison of wetness indices for the prediction of observed connected saturated areas under contrasting conditions

    Genevieve Ali;Christian Birkel;Doerthe Tetzlaff;Christopher Soulsby

  • Deciphering key processes controlling rainfall isotopic variability during extreme tropical cyclones

    Ricardo Sánchez-Murillo;Ana M. Durán-Quesada;Germain Esquivel-Hernández;Daniela Rojas-Cantillano

  • Transit time distributions of a conceptual model: their characteristics and sensitivities

    S. M. Dunn;C. Birkel;C. Birkel;Doerthe Tetzlaff;C. Soulsby

  • A simple topography-driven and calibration-free runoff generation module

    Hongkai Gao;Christian Birkel;Markus Hrachowitz;Doerthe Tetzlaff;Doerthe Tetzlaff

Frequent Co-Authors

Chris Soulsby
Chris Soulsby University of Aberdeen
Doerthe Tetzlaff
Doerthe Tetzlaff Leibniz Association
Sarah M. Dunn
Sarah M. Dunn James Hutton Institute
Jan Boll
Jan Boll Washington State University
Lindsay B. Hutley
Lindsay B. Hutley Charles Darwin University
Harald Biester
Harald Biester Technische Universität Braunschweig
Niels C. Munksgaard
Niels C. Munksgaard James Cook University
Damien T. Maher
Damien T. Maher Southern Cross University
Andrea Rinaldo
Andrea Rinaldo École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Olivier Roupsard
Olivier Roupsard Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement

If you think any of the details on this page are incorrect, let us know.

Report an issue

We appreciate your kind effort to assist us to improve this page, it would be helpful providing us with as much detail as possible in the text box below:

Related Online Degrees & Career Pathways

Studying Earth Science in the USA opens doors to diverse career paths, but complementing your degree with additional skills can enhance job prospects. For example, creative professionals might explore the best online photography degree programs for veterans to build a unique skill set useful in environmental documentation and visual data analysis.

Linguistic abilities also play a role in global environmental projects. Pursuing shorter language programs can be strategic, as highlighted in short spanish degrees, which offer affordable, career-boosting options. Military veterans, in particular, can benefit from tailored options like online spanish degree for military veterans, combining language proficiency with their service background for diverse roles.

For those inclined towards artistic expression within Earth Science fields, programs such as online mfa degrees provide a low-cost way to hone creative talents that support environmental communication and advocacy.

Exploring these related online degrees can enhance career flexibility and set you apart in the competitive Earth Science job market.

Best Scientists Citing Christian Birkel

Trending Scientists

Recently Published Articles