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D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Earth Science 53 2863 2614 1181 1050 129 10410

Carolyn D. Ruppel publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Carolyn D. Ruppel between 1988 and 2021, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Carolyn D. Ruppel published across 34 years, from 1988 to 2021, averaging 3.8 papers a year. Output peaked at 10 publications in 2015. 7 of the 128 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
2 4 6 8 10
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1988 to 2021. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 10. Peak 10 publications in 2015. 1988: 1 publication 1989: 0 publications 1990: 1 publication 1991: 0 publications 1992: 0 publications 1993: 1 publication 1994: 2 publications 1995: 4 publications 1996: 0 publications 1997: 1 publication 1998: 0 publications 1999: 1 publication 2000: 5 publications 2001: 3 publications 2002: 5 publications 2003: 5 publications 2004: 2 publications 2005: 6 publications 2006: 4 publications 2007: 8 publications 2008: 8 publications 2009: 4 publications 2010: 6 publications 2011: 5 publications 2012: 4 publications 2013: 8 publications 2014: 7 publications 2015: 10 publications 2016: 6 publications 2017: 4 publications 2018: 5 publications 2019: 5 publications 2020: 5 publications 2021: 2 publications
1988 2021

128 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Carolyn D. Ruppel: publications per year, 1988 to 2021
Year Publications
1988 1
1989 0
1990 1
1991 0
1992 0
1993 1
1994 2
1995 4
1996 0
1997 1
1998 0
1999 1
2000 5
2001 3
2002 5
2003 5
2004 2
2005 6
2006 4
2007 8
2008 8
2009 4
2010 6
2011 5
2012 4
2013 8
2014 7
2015 10
2016 6
2017 4
2018 5
2019 5
2020 5
2021 2
Total 128
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Carolyn D. Ruppel publication distribution in Earth Science in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Earth Science in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Carolyn D. Ruppel sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
100 200 300 400 500
Bar chart with 58 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 38–47 to 603+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 557. Most scientists, 557, have 128–137 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 603 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 128–137 publications, is where this scientist sits. 38–47 publications: 5 scientists 48–57 publications: 33 scientists 58–67 publications: 94 scientists 68–77 publications: 161 scientists 78–87 publications: 278 scientists 88–97 publications: 376 scientists 98–107 publications: 404 scientists 108–117 publications: 484 scientists 118–127 publications: 540 scientists 128–137 publications: 557 scientists 138–147 publications: 491 scientists 148–157 publications: 495 scientists 158–167 publications: 458 scientists 168–177 publications: 490 scientists 178–187 publications: 414 scientists 188–197 publications: 401 scientists 198–207 publications: 333 scientists 208–217 publications: 292 scientists 218–227 publications: 290 scientists 228–237 publications: 262 scientists 238–247 publications: 243 scientists 248–257 publications: 208 scientists 258–267 publications: 185 scientists 268–277 publications: 147 scientists 278–287 publications: 128 scientists 288–297 publications: 119 scientists 298–307 publications: 120 scientists 308–317 publications: 107 scientists 318–327 publications: 93 scientists 328–337 publications: 87 scientists 338–347 publications: 64 scientists 348–357 publications: 87 scientists 358–367 publications: 60 scientists 368–377 publications: 60 scientists 378–387 publications: 34 scientists 388–397 publications: 50 scientists 398–407 publications: 44 scientists 408–417 publications: 31 scientists 418–427 publications: 39 scientists 428–437 publications: 27 scientists 438–447 publications: 36 scientists 448–457 publications: 27 scientists 458–467 publications: 29 scientists 468–477 publications: 30 scientists 478–487 publications: 19 scientists 488–497 publications: 15 scientists 498–507 publications: 18 scientists 508–517 publications: 19 scientists 518–527 publications: 16 scientists 528–537 publications: 10 scientists 538–547 publications: 11 scientists 548–557 publications: 14 scientists 558–567 publications: 11 scientists 568–577 publications: 7 scientists 578–587 publications: 14 scientists 588–597 publications: 5 scientists 598–602 publications: 4 scientists 603+ publications: 100 scientists
38–47 publications 603+

This scientist: 129 publications — 27th percentile

27% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 603 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Earth Science scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 9,176 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
38–47 5
48–57 33
58–67 94
68–77 161
78–87 278
88–97 376
98–107 404
108–117 484
118–127 540
128–137 557 129
138–147 491
148–157 495
158–167 458
168–177 490
178–187 414
188–197 401
198–207 333
208–217 292
218–227 290
228–237 262
238–247 243
248–257 208
258–267 185
268–277 147
278–287 128
288–297 119
298–307 120
308–317 107
318–327 93
328–337 87
338–347 64
348–357 87
358–367 60
368–377 60
378–387 34
388–397 50
398–407 44
408–417 31
418–427 39
428–437 27
438–447 36
448–457 27
458–467 29
468–477 30
478–487 19
488–497 15
498–507 18
508–517 19
518–527 16
528–537 10
538–547 11
548–557 14
558–567 11
568–577 7
578–587 14
588–597 5
598–602 4
603+ 100
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Carolyn D. Ruppel D-index placement in Earth Science in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Earth Science scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Carolyn D. Ruppel sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
100 200 300
Bar chart with 77 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 30 to 106+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 389. Most scientists, 389, have 36 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 106 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 53 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 30 D-Index: 144 scientists 31 D-Index: 215 scientists 32 D-Index: 278 scientists 33 D-Index: 379 scientists 34 D-Index: 366 scientists 35 D-Index: 372 scientists 36 D-Index: 389 scientists 37 D-Index: 366 scientists 38 D-Index: 344 scientists 39 D-Index: 349 scientists 40 D-Index: 296 scientists 41 D-Index: 289 scientists 42 D-Index: 277 scientists 43 D-Index: 279 scientists 44 D-Index: 248 scientists 45 D-Index: 257 scientists 46 D-Index: 212 scientists 47 D-Index: 202 scientists 48 D-Index: 207 scientists 49 D-Index: 204 scientists 50 D-Index: 183 scientists 51 D-Index: 178 scientists 52 D-Index: 182 scientists 53 D-Index: 178 scientists 54 D-Index: 163 scientists 55 D-Index: 117 scientists 56 D-Index: 163 scientists 57 D-Index: 120 scientists 58 D-Index: 113 scientists 59 D-Index: 136 scientists 60 D-Index: 135 scientists 61 D-Index: 96 scientists 62 D-Index: 103 scientists 63 D-Index: 83 scientists 64 D-Index: 103 scientists 65 D-Index: 83 scientists 66 D-Index: 89 scientists 67 D-Index: 92 scientists 68 D-Index: 89 scientists 69 D-Index: 78 scientists 70 D-Index: 75 scientists 71 D-Index: 53 scientists 72 D-Index: 62 scientists 73 D-Index: 54 scientists 74 D-Index: 35 scientists 75 D-Index: 52 scientists 76 D-Index: 50 scientists 77 D-Index: 32 scientists 78 D-Index: 37 scientists 79 D-Index: 20 scientists 80 D-Index: 33 scientists 81 D-Index: 36 scientists 82 D-Index: 34 scientists 83 D-Index: 34 scientists 84 D-Index: 24 scientists 85 D-Index: 19 scientists 86 D-Index: 18 scientists 87 D-Index: 26 scientists 88 D-Index: 30 scientists 89 D-Index: 17 scientists 90 D-Index: 21 scientists 91 D-Index: 19 scientists 92 D-Index: 15 scientists 93 D-Index: 14 scientists 94 D-Index: 20 scientists 95 D-Index: 9 scientists 96 D-Index: 10 scientists 97 D-Index: 15 scientists 98 D-Index: 13 scientists 99 D-Index: 3 scientists 100 D-Index: 13 scientists 101 D-Index: 3 scientists 102 D-Index: 9 scientists 103 D-Index: 4 scientists 104 D-Index: 6 scientists 105 D-Index: 6 scientists 106+ D-Index: 98 scientists
30 D-Index 106+

This scientist: 53 D-Index — 70th percentile

70% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 106 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Earth Science scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 9,176 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
30 144
31 215
32 278
33 379
34 366
35 372
36 389
37 366
38 344
39 349
40 296
41 289
42 277
43 279
44 248
45 257
46 212
47 202
48 207
49 204
50 183
51 178
52 182
53 178 53
54 163
55 117
56 163
57 120
58 113
59 136
60 135
61 96
62 103
63 83
64 103
65 83
66 89
67 92
68 89
69 78
70 75
71 53
72 62
73 54
74 35
75 52
76 50
77 32
78 37
79 20
80 33
81 36
82 34
83 34
84 24
85 19
86 18
87 26
88 30
89 17
90 21
91 19
92 15
93 14
94 20
95 9
96 10
97 15
98 13
99 3
100 13
101 3
102 9
103 4
104 6
105 6
106+ 98
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Overview

What is she best known for?

The fields of study she is best known for:

  • Carbon dioxide
  • Oceanography
  • Ecology

Her primary areas of study are Clathrate hydrate, Methane, Mineralogy, Oceanography and Petrology. Her work on Gas hydrate stability zone as part of general Clathrate hydrate study is frequently connected to Coring, Geotechnical engineering, Sedimentary rock and Sediment, therefore bridging the gap between diverse disciplines of science and establishing a new relationship between them. The various areas that she examines in her Methane study include Climatology, Seabed and Earth science.

In her research, Carolyn D. Ruppel undertakes multidisciplinary study on Mineralogy and Cementation. Her biological study spans a wide range of topics, including Geochemistry, Invertebrate, Bivalvia and Mussel. Carolyn D. Ruppel has included themes like Seismology, Passive margin, Lithosphere and Extensional tectonics in her Petrology study.

Her most cited work include:

  • Predicting the occurrence, distribution, and evolution of methane gas hydrate in porous marine sediments (393 citations)
  • Mechanical properties of sand, silt, and clay containing tetrahydrofuran hydrate (251 citations)
  • Mechanical properties of sand, silt, and clay containing tetrahydrofuran hydrate (251 citations)

What are the main themes of her work throughout her whole career to date?

Carolyn D. Ruppel mainly focuses on Clathrate hydrate, Methane, Oceanography, Mineralogy and Seismology. Carolyn D. Ruppel is studying Gas hydrate stability zone, which is a component of Clathrate hydrate. Her research integrates issues of Water column and Greenhouse gas in her study of Methane.

Her Oceanography research integrates issues from Petroleum seep and Atlantic margin. Her work deals with themes such as Porosity, Silt, Thermal conductivity and Effective stress, which intersect with Mineralogy. Carolyn D. Ruppel focuses mostly in the field of Silt, narrowing it down to topics relating to Particle size and, in certain cases, Sedimentary rock and Geotechnical engineering.

She most often published in these fields:

  • Clathrate hydrate (46.40%)
  • Methane (41.60%)
  • Oceanography (30.40%)

What were the highlights of her more recent work (between 2013-2021)?

  • Oceanography (30.40%)
  • Methane (41.60%)
  • Clathrate hydrate (46.40%)

In recent papers she was focusing on the following fields of study:

Her main research concerns Oceanography, Methane, Clathrate hydrate, Atlantic margin and Permafrost. Her Oceanography research focuses on Petroleum seep and how it connects with Sea air. Her Methane research incorporates elements of Petrology, Canyon, Water column and Greenhouse gas.

The Canyon study combines topics in areas such as Mineralogy and Ecosystem. Carolyn D. Ruppel mostly deals with Gas hydrate stability zone in her studies of Clathrate hydrate. Her study in Permafrost is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing from both Continental shelf, Arctic and Geomorphology.

Between 2013 and 2021, her most popular works were:

  • The interaction of climate change and methane hydrates (235 citations)
  • Widespread methane leakage from the sea floor on the northern US Atlantic margin (158 citations)
  • Dynamics of submarine groundwater discharge and associated fluxes of dissolved nutrients, carbon, and trace gases to the coastal zone (Okatee River estuary, South Carolina) (48 citations)

In her most recent research, the most cited papers focused on:

  • Oceanography
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Ecology

Carolyn D. Ruppel focuses on Methane, Oceanography, Clathrate hydrate, Permafrost and Greenhouse gas. Her Methane research incorporates themes from Paleontology, Sediment, Aragonite and Seabed. Her Oceanography study combines topics in areas such as Atlantic margin and Borehole.

Her primary area of study in Clathrate hydrate is in the field of Gas hydrate stability zone. Her Permafrost study combines topics from a wide range of disciplines, such as Earth science, Continental shelf, Atmospheric sciences, Arctic and Atmospheric methane. Her biological study spans a wide range of topics, including Common spatial pattern and Water column.

Best Publications

  • The interaction of climate change and methane hydrates

    Carolyn D. Ruppel;John D. Kessler

  • Gas hydrates in sustainable chemistry

    Aliakbar Hassanpouryouzband;Aliakbar Hassanpouryouzband;Aliakbar Hassanpouryouzband;Edris Joonaki;Edris Joonaki;Mehrdad Vasheghani Farahani;Satoshi Takeya

  • Predicting the occurrence, distribution, and evolution of methane gas hydrate in porous marine sediments

    Wenyue Xu;Carolyn Ruppel

  • Mechanical properties of sand, silt, and clay containing tetrahydrofuran hydrate

    T. S. Yun;J. C. Santamarina;C. Ruppel;C. Ruppel

  • Widespread methane leakage from the sea floor on the northern US Atlantic margin

    Adam Skarke;Carolyn Ruppel;Mali'o Kodis

  • Compressional and shear wave velocities in uncemented sediment containing gas hydrate

    T. S. Yun;F. M. Francisca;F. M. Francisca;J. C. Santamarina;C. Ruppel

  • Extensional processes in continental lithosphere

    Carolyn Ruppel

  • Methane hydrates and contemporary climate change

    Carolyn D. Ruppel

  • Permeability evolution during the formation of gas hydrates in marine sediments

    J. Nimblett;C. Ruppel

  • New evidence for geologically instantaneous emplacement of earliest Jurassic Central Atlantic magmatic province basalts on the North American margin

    W.E. Hames;P.R. Renne;C. Ruppel

  • Blake Ridge methane seeps: characterization of a soft-sediment, chemosynthetically based ecosystem

    C.L. Van Dover;P. Aharon;J.M. Bernhard;E. Caylor

  • Gas Hydrates in Marine Sediments: Lessons from Scientific Ocean Drilling

    Anne Tréhu;Carolyn Ruppel;Melanie Holland;Gerald Dickens

  • Observations related to tetrahydrofuran and methane hydrates for laboratory studies of hydrate‐bearing sediments

    J. Y. Lee;T. S. Yun;J. C. Santamarina;C. Ruppel;C. Ruppel

  • Scientific results from Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrates Joint Industry Project Leg 1 drilling : introduction and overview

    Carolyn D. Ruppel;Ray M. Boswell;E. Jones

  • Heat and salt inhibition of gas hydrate formation in the northern Gulf of Mexico

    C. Ruppel;G. R. Dickens;D. G. Castellini;W. Gilhooly

  • Anomalously cold temperatures observed at the base of the gas hydrate stability zone on the U.S. Atlantic passive margin

    Carolyn Ruppel

  • Thermal conductivity of hydrate‐bearing sediments

    Douglas D. Cortes;Ana I. Martin;Tae Sup Yun;Franco M. Francisca

  • Thermal Conductivity Measurements in Porous Mixtures of Methane Hydrate and Quartz Sand

    W. F. Waite;B. J. deMartin;B. J. deMartin;S. H. Kirby;J. Pinkston

  • Thermal modeling of extensional tectonics: Application to pressure‐temperature‐time histories of metamorphic rocks

    C. Ruppel;L. Royden;K. V. Hodges

  • Geophysical and geotechnical properties of near-seafloor sediments in the northern Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate province

    F. Francisca;T.-S. Yun;C. Ruppel;J.C. Santamarina

  • Pressure-temperature-time paths from two-dimensional thermal models: Prograde, retrograde, and inverted metamorphism

    C. Ruppel;K. V. Hodges

  • The Central Atlantic Magmatic Province insights from Fragments of Pangea

    W. Hames;J. G. McHone;P. Renne;C. Ruppel

Frequent Co-Authors

John W. Pohlman
John W. Pohlman United States Geological Survey
Jens Greinert
Jens Greinert GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
Tae Sup Yun
Tae Sup Yun Yonsei University
Deborah R. Hutchinson
Deborah R. Hutchinson United States Geological Survey
Jürgen Mienert
Jürgen Mienert University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway
Matthew J. Hornbach
Matthew J. Hornbach Southern Methodist University
Brandon Dugan
Brandon Dugan Colorado School of Mines
William F. Waite
William F. Waite United States Geological Survey
Timothy S. Collett
Timothy S. Collett United States Geological Survey
Steve W. Ross
Steve W. Ross University of North Carolina Wilmington

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