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Stephen S. Leonard

D-Index & Metrics

Biology and Biochemistry

D-Index
70
Citations
14702
World Ranking
7135
National Ranking
3274

Stephen S. Leonard publication distribution in Biology and Biochemistry in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Biology and Biochemistry in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Stephen S. Leonard sits on this spectrum.

47–56 publications: 8 scientists 57–66 publications: 35 scientists 67–76 publications: 106 scientists 77–86 publications: 231 scientists 87–96 publications: 413 scientists 97–106 publications: 546 scientists 107–116 publications: 704 scientists 117–126 publications: 848 scientists 127–136 publications: 980 scientists 137–146 publications: 942 scientists 147–156 publications: 969 scientists 157–166 publications: 949 scientists 167–176 publications: 951 scientists 177–186 publications: 915 scientists 187–196 publications: 787 scientists 197–206 publications: 840 scientists 207–216 publications: 733 scientists 217–226 publications: 708 scientists 227–236 publications: 651 scientists 237–246 publications: 605 scientists 247–256 publications: 510 scientists 257–266 publications: 524 scientists 267–276 publications: 434 scientists 277–286 publications: 417 scientists 287–296 publications: 350 scientists 297–306 publications: 363 scientists 307–316 publications: 315 scientists 317–326 publications: 296 scientists 327–336 publications: 261 scientists 337–346 publications: 240 scientists 347–356 publications: 219 scientists 357–366 publications: 196 scientists 367–376 publications: 154 scientists 377–386 publications: 161 scientists 387–396 publications: 155 scientists 397–406 publications: 145 scientists 407–416 publications: 124 scientists 417–426 publications: 112 scientists 427–436 publications: 132 scientists 437–446 publications: 116 scientists 447–456 publications: 99 scientists 457–466 publications: 81 scientists 467–476 publications: 91 scientists 477–486 publications: 80 scientists 487–496 publications: 80 scientists 497–506 publications: 59 scientists 507–516 publications: 36 scientists 517–526 publications: 46 scientists 527–536 publications: 54 scientists 537–546 publications: 44 scientists 547–556 publications: 43 scientists 557–566 publications: 43 scientists 567–576 publications: 42 scientists 577–586 publications: 25 scientists 587–596 publications: 34 scientists 597–606 publications: 23 scientists 607–616 publications: 33 scientists 617–626 publications: 31 scientists 627–636 publications: 27 scientists 637–646 publications: 25 scientists 647–656 publications: 28 scientists 657–666 publications: 34 scientists 667–676 publications: 18 scientists 677–686 publications: 16 scientists 687–696 publications: 10 scientists 697–706 publications: 12 scientists 707–716 publications: 21 scientists 717–726 publications: 12 scientists 727–736 publications: 12 scientists 737–746 publications: 10 scientists 747–756 publications: 7 scientists 757–766 publications: 13 scientists 767–776 publications: 15 scientists 777–786 publications: 13 scientists 787–796 publications: 9 scientists 797–806 publications: 9 scientists 807–816 publications: 7 scientists 817–826 publications: 4 scientists 827–836 publications: 9 scientists 837–846 publications: 7 scientists 847–856 publications: 3 scientists 857–866 publications: 5 scientists 867–876 publications: 5 scientists 877–886 publications: 11 scientists 887–896 publications: 3 scientists 897–906 publications: 4 scientists 907–916 publications: 7 scientists 917–926 publications: 5 scientists 927–936 publications: 6 scientists 937–946 publications: 6 scientists 947–956 publications: 3 scientists 957–966 publications: 7 scientists 967–976 publications: 2 scientists 977–986 publications: 2 scientists 987–996 publications: 1 scientists 997–1,006 publications: 5 scientists 1,007–1,016 publications: 2 scientists 1,017–1,026 publications: 2 scientists 1,027 publications: 1 scientists 1,028+ publications: 100 scientists
47 publications 1,028+

This scientist: 150 publications — 27th percentile

27% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 1,028 publications or more.

Stephen S. Leonard D-index placement in Biology and Biochemistry in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Biology and Biochemistry scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Stephen S. Leonard sits on this spectrum.

40–41 D-Index: 80 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 183 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 316 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 504 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 718 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 899 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 1,025 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 1,149 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 1,235 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 1,253 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 1,162 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 1,130 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 1,031 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 897 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 814 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 714 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 709 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 596 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 512 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 473 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 412 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 373 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 358 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 285 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 273 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 227 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 208 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 193 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 153 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 157 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 148 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 120 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 113 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 100 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 86 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 67 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 71 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 73 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 64 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 53 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 60 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 54 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 43 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 38 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 49 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 26 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 18 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 23 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 32 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 32 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 27 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 19 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 22 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 12 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 16 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 14 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 10 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 13 scientists 156–157 D-Index: 10 scientists 158–159 D-Index: 7 scientists 160–161 D-Index: 9 scientists 162–163 D-Index: 13 scientists 164–165 D-Index: 4 scientists 166 D-Index: 4 scientists 167+ D-Index: 98 scientists
40 D-Index 167+

This scientist: 70 D-Index — 65th percentile

65% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 167 D-Index or more.

Overview

Stephen S. Leonard is affiliated with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health in the United States. Their research spans multiple fields, including medicine, environmental science, and materials science. Within these broader areas, their work focuses on health, toxicology and mutagenesis, materials chemistry, pulmonary and respiratory medicine, epidemiology, and physiology.

The main topics addressed in their research involve air quality and health impacts, burn injury management and outcomes, nanoparticles synthesis and applications, occupational and environmental lung diseases, smoking behavior and cessation, indoor air quality and microbial exposure, as well as boron and carbon nanomaterials research.

Their recent publications include these papers:

  • "Toxicology of flavoring- and cannabis-containing e-liquids used in electronic delivery systems", 2021, Pharmacology & Therapeutics
  • "Effects of E-Cigarette Flavoring Chemicals on Human Macrophages and Bronchial Epithelial Cells", 2021, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
  • "Toxicity evaluation following pulmonary exposure to an as-manufactured dispersed boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) material in vivo", 2020, NanoImpact
  • "ROS generation is involved in titanium dioxide nanoparticle-induced AP-1 activation through p38 MAPK and ERK pathways in JB6 cells", 2021, Environmental Toxicology
  • "Biological effects of inhaled hydraulic fracturing sand dust. III. Cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory responses in cultured murine macrophage cells", 2020, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

Frequent co-authors of Stephen S. Leonard include:

  • Sherri Friend
  • Aleksandr B. Stefaniak
  • Vamsi Kodali
  • Walter McKinney
  • Michael L. Kashon

Publication venues where Leonard has contributed multiple works include:

  • Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
  • The FASEB Journal
  • Pharmacology & Therapeutics
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
  • NanoImpact

Best Publications

  • Resveratrol scavenges reactive oxygen species and effects radical-induced cellular responses.

    Stephen S Leonard;Chang Xia;Bin-Hua Jiang;Beth Stinefelt

  • Metal-induced oxidative stress and signal transduction.

    Stephen S. Leonard;Gabriel K. Harris;Xianglin Shi

  • Cadmium inhibits the electron transfer chain and induces reactive oxygen species.

    Yudong Wang;Jing Fang;Stephen S Leonard;K.Murali Krishna Rao

  • Mouse pulmonary dose- and time course-responses induced by exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

    Dale W Porter;Ann F Hubbs;Robert R Mercer;Robert R Mercer;Nianqiang Wu

  • Cardiovascular effects of pulmonary exposure to single-wall carbon nanotubes.

    Zheng Li;Tracy Hulderman;Rebecca Salmen;Rebecca Chapman

  • Raw Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Induce Oxidative Stress and Activate MAPKs, AP-1, NF-κB, and Akt in Normal and Malignant Human Mesothelial Cells

    Maricica Pacurari;Xuejun J. Yin;Jinshun Zhao;Ming Ding

  • Oxidative stress and inflammatory response in dermal toxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes

    A.R. Murray;E. Kisin;S.S. Leonard;S.H. Young

  • Role of reactive oxygen species and p53 in chromium(VI)-induced apoptosis.

    Jianping Ye;Suwei Wang;Suwei Wang;Stephen S. Leonard;Stephen S. Leonard;Yi Sun

  • Concept of assessing nanoparticle hazards considering nanoparticle dosemetric and chemical/biological response metrics.

    Erik K. Rushton;Jingkun Jiang;Stephen S. Leonard;Shirley Eberly

  • S-Nitrosylation of Bcl-2 Inhibits Its Ubiquitin-Proteasomal Degradation: A NOVEL ANTIAPOPTOTIC MECHANISM THAT SUPPRESSES APOPTOSIS *

    Neelam Azad;Val Vallyathan;Liying Wang;Vimon Tantishaiyakul

  • Vanadate-induced Expression of Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1α and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor through Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Pathway and Reactive Oxygen Species

    Ning Gao;Min Ding;Jenny Z. Zheng;Zhuo Zhang

  • Freshly fractured quartz inhalation leads to enhanced lung injury and inflammation. Potential role of free radicals.

    V Vallyathan;V Castranova;D Pack;S Leonard

  • Acute pulmonary dose-responses to inhaled multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

    Dale W. Porter;Ann F. Hubbs;Bean T. Chen;Walter McKinney

  • Cobalt-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species and its possible mechanism

    Stephen Leonard;Peter M. Gannett;Yon Rojanasakul;Diane Schwegler-Berry

  • Luteolin and Chrysin Differentially Inhibit Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression and Scavenge Reactive Oxygen Species but Similarly Inhibit Prostaglandin-E2 Formation in RAW 264.7 Cells

    Gabriel K. Harris;Yong Qian;Stephen S. Leonard;Deborah C. Sbarra

  • Vanadate induces p53 transactivation through hydrogen peroxide and causes apoptosis

    Chuanshu Huang;Zhuo Zhang;Min Ding;Jingxia Li

  • Antioxidant properties of aspirin: Characterization of the ability of aspirin to inhibit silica-induced lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, NF-κB activation, and TNF-α production

    Xianglin Shi;Min Ding;Zigang Dong;Fei Chen

  • p38 Signaling-mediated Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1α and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Induction by Cr(VI) in DU145 Human Prostate Carcinoma Cells

    Ning Gao;Bing-Hua Jiang;Stephen S. Leonard;Linda Corum

  • Vanadate-induced cell growth regulation and the role of reactive oxygen species.

    Zhuo Zhang;Chuanshu Huang;Jingxia Li;Stephen S. Leonard

  • Diabetic cardiomyopathy-associated dysfunction in spatially distinct mitochondrial subpopulations.

    Erinne R. Dabkowski;Courtney L. Williamson;Valerie C. Bukowski;Rebecca S. Chapman

Frequent Co-Authors

Xianglin Shi
Xianglin Shi University of Kentucky
Vincent Castranova
Vincent Castranova West Virginia University
Val Vallyathan
Val Vallyathan National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Vince Castranova
Vince Castranova West Virginia University
Min Ding
Min Ding National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Zhuo Zhang
Zhuo Zhang University of Kentucky
Jianping Ye
Jianping Ye Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Chuanshu Huang
Chuanshu Huang New York University
Fei Chen
Fei Chen Stony Brook University
Liying Wang
Liying Wang National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

External Links

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Related Online Degrees & Career Pathways

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Best Scientists Citing Stephen S. Leonard

Vincent Castranova

Vincent Castranova

West Virginia University

Publications: 124

Xianglin Shi

Xianglin Shi

University of Kentucky

Publications: 71

Yon Rojanasakul

Yon Rojanasakul

West Virginia University

Publications: 46

Chuanshu Huang

Chuanshu Huang

New York University

Publications: 45

Liying Wang

Liying Wang

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Publications: 43

Zhuo Zhang

Zhuo Zhang

University of Kentucky

Publications: 37

Jingxia Li

Jingxia Li

New York University

Publications: 32

Philip Demokritou

Philip Demokritou

Harvard University

Publications: 32

Anna A. Shvedova

Anna A. Shvedova

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Publications: 31

Val Vallyathan

Val Vallyathan

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Publications: 28

Max Costa

Max Costa

New York University

Publications: 28

Ken Donaldson

Ken Donaldson

University of Edinburgh

Publications: 27

Ulla Vogel

Ulla Vogel

Technical University of Denmark

Publications: 25

Vince Castranova

Vince Castranova

West Virginia University

Publications: 25

Håkan Wallin

Håkan Wallin

National Institute of Occupational Health

Publications: 25

Fei Chen

Fei Chen

Stony Brook University

Publications: 24

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