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D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking National Ranking Publications Citations
Biology and Biochemistry 111 938 585 424 43361

Efraim Racker publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Efraim Racker between 1950 and 2016, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Efraim Racker published across 67 years, from 1950 to 2016, averaging 6.6 papers a year. Output peaked at 35 publications in 1965. 10 of the 442 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
10 20 30
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1950 to 2016. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 35. Peak 35 publications in 1965. 1950: 3 publications 1951: 2 publications 1952: 6 publications 1953: 6 publications 1954: 5 publications 1955: 14 publications 1956: 3 publications 1957: 6 publications 1958: 6 publications 1959: 11 publications 1960: 5 publications 1961: 5 publications 1962: 8 publications 1963: 10 publications 1964: 0 publications 1965: 35 publications 1966: 12 publications 1967: 14 publications 1968: 9 publications 1969: 11 publications 1970: 7 publications 1971: 10 publications 1972: 17 publications 1973: 18 publications 1974: 9 publications 1975: 18 publications 1976: 25 publications 1977: 15 publications 1978: 5 publications 1979: 20 publications 1980: 12 publications 1981: 9 publications 1982: 7 publications 1983: 9 publications 1984: 12 publications 1985: 18 publications 1986: 2 publications 1987: 6 publications 1988: 11 publications 1989: 9 publications 1990: 4 publications 1991: 8 publications 1992: 2 publications 1993: 0 publications 1994: 1 publication 1995: 0 publications 1996: 1 publication 1997: 0 publications 1998: 0 publications 1999: 0 publications 2000: 0 publications 2001: 0 publications 2002: 0 publications 2003: 2 publications 2004: 0 publications 2005: 1 publication 2006: 1 publication 2007: 0 publications 2008: 1 publication 2009: 0 publications 2010: 0 publications 2011: 0 publications 2012: 1 publication 2013: 0 publications 2014: 0 publications 2015: 7 publications 2016: 3 publications
1950 2016

442 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Efraim Racker: publications per year, 1950 to 2016
Year Publications
1950 3
1951 2
1952 6
1953 6
1954 5
1955 14
1956 3
1957 6
1958 6
1959 11
1960 5
1961 5
1962 8
1963 10
1964 0
1965 35
1966 12
1967 14
1968 9
1969 11
1970 7
1971 10
1972 17
1973 18
1974 9
1975 18
1976 25
1977 15
1978 5
1979 20
1980 12
1981 9
1982 7
1983 9
1984 12
1985 18
1986 2
1987 6
1988 11
1989 9
1990 4
1991 8
1992 2
1993 0
1994 1
1995 0
1996 1
1997 0
1998 0
1999 0
2000 0
2001 0
2002 0
2003 2
2004 0
2005 1
2006 1
2007 0
2008 1
2009 0
2010 0
2011 0
2012 1
2013 0
2014 0
2015 7
2016 3
Total 442
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Efraim Racker publications per year - data summary

  • Efraim Racker, a Biology and Biochemistry scholar from Cornell University, has 442 publications recorded across 67 years, from 1950 to 2016.
  • The oldest publication on record dates to 1950 and the most recent to 2016.
  • The most productive year is 1965, with 35 publications.
  • The least productive years with any output are 1994, 1996, 2005, 2006 and others, with 1 publication each.
  • 16 of the 67 years in the span carry no publications at all (1964, 1993, 1995, 1997 and others).
  • The rate of publication averages 6.6 papers per year over the whole span, or 8.7 per year counting only the 51 years with at least one publication.
  • The last 5 years on the chart (2012-2016) hold 11 publications, 2% of the career total.
  • Split into equal eras - 1950-1972: 205 publications (8.9 per year); 1973-1995: 220 publications (9.6 per year); 1996-2016: 17 publications (0.8 per year).
  • Comparing the opening and closing eras, the overall trend of publication is declining.

Efraim Racker publication distribution in Biology and Biochemistry in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Biology and Biochemistry in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Efraim Racker sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
200 400 600 800
Bar chart with 100 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 47–56 to 1,028+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 980. Most scientists, 980, have 127–136 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 1,028 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 417–426 publications, is where this scientist sits. 47–56 publications: 8 scientists 57–66 publications: 35 scientists 67–76 publications: 106 scientists 77–86 publications: 231 scientists 87–96 publications: 413 scientists 97–106 publications: 546 scientists 107–116 publications: 704 scientists 117–126 publications: 848 scientists 127–136 publications: 980 scientists 137–146 publications: 942 scientists 147–156 publications: 969 scientists 157–166 publications: 949 scientists 167–176 publications: 951 scientists 177–186 publications: 915 scientists 187–196 publications: 787 scientists 197–206 publications: 840 scientists 207–216 publications: 733 scientists 217–226 publications: 708 scientists 227–236 publications: 651 scientists 237–246 publications: 605 scientists 247–256 publications: 510 scientists 257–266 publications: 524 scientists 267–276 publications: 434 scientists 277–286 publications: 417 scientists 287–296 publications: 350 scientists 297–306 publications: 363 scientists 307–316 publications: 315 scientists 317–326 publications: 296 scientists 327–336 publications: 261 scientists 337–346 publications: 240 scientists 347–356 publications: 219 scientists 357–366 publications: 196 scientists 367–376 publications: 154 scientists 377–386 publications: 161 scientists 387–396 publications: 155 scientists 397–406 publications: 145 scientists 407–416 publications: 124 scientists 417–426 publications: 112 scientists 427–436 publications: 132 scientists 437–446 publications: 116 scientists 447–456 publications: 99 scientists 457–466 publications: 81 scientists 467–476 publications: 91 scientists 477–486 publications: 80 scientists 487–496 publications: 80 scientists 497–506 publications: 59 scientists 507–516 publications: 36 scientists 517–526 publications: 46 scientists 527–536 publications: 54 scientists 537–546 publications: 44 scientists 547–556 publications: 43 scientists 557–566 publications: 43 scientists 567–576 publications: 42 scientists 577–586 publications: 25 scientists 587–596 publications: 34 scientists 597–606 publications: 23 scientists 607–616 publications: 33 scientists 617–626 publications: 31 scientists 627–636 publications: 27 scientists 637–646 publications: 25 scientists 647–656 publications: 28 scientists 657–666 publications: 34 scientists 667–676 publications: 18 scientists 677–686 publications: 16 scientists 687–696 publications: 10 scientists 697–706 publications: 12 scientists 707–716 publications: 21 scientists 717–726 publications: 12 scientists 727–736 publications: 12 scientists 737–746 publications: 10 scientists 747–756 publications: 7 scientists 757–766 publications: 13 scientists 767–776 publications: 15 scientists 777–786 publications: 13 scientists 787–796 publications: 9 scientists 797–806 publications: 9 scientists 807–816 publications: 7 scientists 817–826 publications: 4 scientists 827–836 publications: 9 scientists 837–846 publications: 7 scientists 847–856 publications: 3 scientists 857–866 publications: 5 scientists 867–876 publications: 5 scientists 877–886 publications: 11 scientists 887–896 publications: 3 scientists 897–906 publications: 4 scientists 907–916 publications: 7 scientists 917–926 publications: 5 scientists 927–936 publications: 6 scientists 937–946 publications: 6 scientists 947–956 publications: 3 scientists 957–966 publications: 7 scientists 967–976 publications: 2 scientists 977–986 publications: 2 scientists 987–996 publications: 1 scientist 997–1,006 publications: 5 scientists 1,007–1,016 publications: 2 scientists 1,017–1,026 publications: 2 scientists 1,027 publications: 1 scientist 1,028+ publications: 100 scientists
47–56 publications 1,028+

This scientist: 424 publications — 91st percentile

91% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 1,028 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Biology and Biochemistry scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 19,587 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
47–56 8
57–66 35
67–76 106
77–86 231
87–96 413
97–106 546
107–116 704
117–126 848
127–136 980
137–146 942
147–156 969
157–166 949
167–176 951
177–186 915
187–196 787
197–206 840
207–216 733
217–226 708
227–236 651
237–246 605
247–256 510
257–266 524
267–276 434
277–286 417
287–296 350
297–306 363
307–316 315
317–326 296
327–336 261
337–346 240
347–356 219
357–366 196
367–376 154
377–386 161
387–396 155
397–406 145
407–416 124
417–426 112 424
427–436 132
437–446 116
447–456 99
457–466 81
467–476 91
477–486 80
487–496 80
497–506 59
507–516 36
517–526 46
527–536 54
537–546 44
547–556 43
557–566 43
567–576 42
577–586 25
587–596 34
597–606 23
607–616 33
617–626 31
627–636 27
637–646 25
647–656 28
657–666 34
667–676 18
677–686 16
687–696 10
697–706 12
707–716 21
717–726 12
727–736 12
737–746 10
747–756 7
757–766 13
767–776 15
777–786 13
787–796 9
797–806 9
807–816 7
817–826 4
827–836 9
837–846 7
847–856 3
857–866 5
867–876 5
877–886 11
887–896 3
897–906 4
907–916 7
917–926 5
927–936 6
937–946 6
947–956 3
957–966 7
967–976 2
977–986 2
987–996 1
997–1,006 5
1,007–1,016 2
1,017–1,026 2
1,027 1
1,028+ 100
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Efraim Racker publication distribution in Biology and Biochemistry in 2026 - data summary

  • The chart plots the publication count of all 19,587 Biology and Biochemistry scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026, grouped into 100 ranges running from 47–56 to 1,028+ publications.
  • Efraim Racker, a Biology and Biochemistry scholar from Cornell University, records 424 publications - the 91st percentile of the discipline.
  • 91% of ranked Biology and Biochemistry scientists score the same or lower than Efraim Racker, and about 9% score higher.
  • The median of the discipline falls in the 197–206 publications range, and Efraim Racker ranks above the median.
  • The most crowded range is 127–136 publications, holding 980 scientists (5% of the field).
  • 77% of the field sits in the lowest quarter of the value range (up to 287–296 publications), so the distribution is heavily right-skewed and high scores are rare.
  • The final bar has no upper bound: it groups every scientist with 1,028 publications or more, 100 scientists in all (<1% of the field).

Efraim Racker D-index placement in Biology and Biochemistry in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Biology and Biochemistry scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Efraim Racker sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
250 500 750 1,000 1,250
Bar chart with 65 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 40–41 to 167+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 1,253. Most scientists, 1,253, have 58–59 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 167 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 110–111 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 40–41 D-Index: 80 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 183 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 316 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 504 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 718 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 899 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 1,025 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 1,149 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 1,235 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 1,253 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 1,162 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 1,130 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 1,031 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 897 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 814 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 714 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 709 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 596 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 512 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 473 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 412 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 373 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 358 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 285 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 273 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 227 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 208 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 193 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 153 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 157 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 148 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 120 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 113 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 100 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 86 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 67 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 71 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 73 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 64 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 53 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 60 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 54 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 43 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 38 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 49 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 26 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 18 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 23 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 32 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 32 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 27 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 19 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 22 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 12 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 16 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 14 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 10 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 13 scientists 156–157 D-Index: 10 scientists 158–159 D-Index: 7 scientists 160–161 D-Index: 9 scientists 162–163 D-Index: 13 scientists 164–165 D-Index: 4 scientists 166 D-Index: 4 scientists 167+ D-Index: 98 scientists
40–41 D-Index 167+

This scientist: 111 D-Index — 95th percentile

95% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 167 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Biology and Biochemistry scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 19,587 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
40–41 80
42–43 183
44–45 316
46–47 504
48–49 718
50–51 899
52–53 1,025
54–55 1,149
56–57 1,235
58–59 1,253
60–61 1,162
62–63 1,130
64–65 1,031
66–67 897
68–69 814
70–71 714
72–73 709
74–75 596
76–77 512
78–79 473
80–81 412
82–83 373
84–85 358
86–87 285
88–89 273
90–91 227
92–93 208
94–95 193
96–97 153
98–99 157
100–101 148
102–103 120
104–105 113
106–107 100
108–109 86
110–111 67 111
112–113 71
114–115 73
116–117 64
118–119 53
120–121 60
122–123 54
124–125 43
126–127 38
128–129 49
130–131 26
132–133 18
134–135 23
136–137 32
138–139 32
140–141 27
142–143 19
144–145 22
146–147 12
148–149 16
150–151 14
152–153 10
154–155 13
156–157 10
158–159 7
160–161 9
162–163 13
164–165 4
166 4
167+ 98
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Efraim Racker D-index placement in Biology and Biochemistry in 2026 - data summary

  • The chart plots the discipline H-index (D-index) of all 19,587 Biology and Biochemistry scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026, grouped into 65 ranges running from 40–41 to 167+ D-Index.
  • Efraim Racker, a Biology and Biochemistry scholar from Cornell University, records 111 D-Index - the 95th percentile of the discipline.
  • 95% of ranked Biology and Biochemistry scientists score the same or lower than Efraim Racker, and about 5% score higher.
  • The median of the discipline falls in the 64–65 D-Index range, and Efraim Racker ranks above the median.
  • The most crowded range is 58–59 D-Index, holding 1,253 scientists (6% of the field).
  • 71% of the field sits in the lowest quarter of the value range (up to 72–73 D-Index), so the distribution is heavily right-skewed and high scores are rare.
  • The final bar has no upper bound: it groups every scientist with 167 D-Index or more, 98 scientists in all (<1% of the field).

Research.com Recognitions

  • 1980 - Canada Gairdner International Award
  • 1976 - US President's National Medal of Science "For major contributions to understanding the subcellular mechanism whereby oxidative and photosynthetic energy is transformed into the specific form of chemical energy used by living cells.", Presented by President Carter at a White House Ceremony on November 22, 1977.
  • 1966 - Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • 1966 - Member of the National Academy of Sciences

Overview

Efraim Racker was affiliated with Cornell University in the United States during their academic career. Their research contributions involved the investigation of subcellular mechanisms related to energy transformation in living cells.

The scientist received several notable recognitions over their career. In 1966, they became a Member of the National Academy of Sciences, and the same year was named a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). Subsequently, in 1976, they were awarded the US President's National Medal of Science. The citation for this award highlighted their contributions to understanding the specific mechanism whereby oxidative and photosynthetic energy is converted into chemical energy in cells, with the medal presented by President Carter at a White House ceremony on November 22, 1977. Later, in 1980, they received the Canada Gairdner International Award.

Throughout their career, the scientist engaged with various topics related to biochemistry and cellular energy processes, though specifics on their fields of study, publications, and coauthors are not available.

Efraim Racker has since passed away, leaving a legacy marked by recognition from major scientific organizations and significant awards in the field of biochemical energy transformation.

Best Publications

  • Intracellular pH measurements in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells utilizing spectroscopic probes generated in situ.

    John A. Thomas;Robert N. Buchsbaum;Andrzej Zimniak;Efraim Racker

  • Partial Resolution of the Enzymes Catalyzing Oxidative Phosphorylation XXV. RECONSTITUTION OF VESICLES CATALYZING 32Pi—ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE EXCHANGE

    Yasuo Kagawa;Efraim Racker

  • Partial resolution of the enzymes catalyzing oxidative phosphorylation. I. Purification and properties of soluble dinitrophenol-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase.

    Maynard E. Pullman;Harvey S. Penefsky;Anima Datta;E. Racker

  • Oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation

    Paul D. Boyer;Britton Chance;Lars Ernster;Peter Mitchell

  • Reconstitution of Purple Membrane Vesicles Catalyzing Light-driven Proton Uptake and Adenosine Triphosphate Formation

    Efraim Racker;Walther Stoeckenius

  • Partial Resolution of the Enzymes Catalyzing Oxidative Phosphorylation XXII. INTERACTION BETWEEN MITOCHONDRIAL ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE INHIBITOR AND MITOCHONDRIAL ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE

    Lawrence L. Horstman;Efraim Racker

  • Regulatory mechanisms in carbohydrate metabolism. III. Limiting factors in glycolysis of ascites tumor cells.

    Ray Wu;E. Racker

  • Partial resolution of the enzymes catalyzing oxidative phosphorylation. II. Participation of a soluble adenosine tolphosphatase in oxidative phosphorylation.

    Harvey S. Penefsky;Maynard E. Pullman;Anima Datta;E. Racker

  • PARTIAL RESOLUTION OF THE ENZYMES CATALYZINE PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION. I. STIMULATION OF PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION BY A PREPARATION OF A LATENT, CA++- DEPENDENT ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE FROM CHLOROPLASTS.

    V. K. Vambutas;E. Racker

  • Partial Resolution of the Enzymes Catalyzing Oxidative Phosphorylation XIII. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF SUBMITOCHONDRIAL PARTICLES COMPLETELY RESOLVED WITH RESPECT TO COUPLING FACTOR 1

    Efraim Racker;Lawrence L. Horstman

  • Mechanisms in bioenergetics

    Efraim Racker

  • Regulatory Mechanisms in Carbohydrate Metabolism VII. HEXOKINASE AND PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE

    Kosaku Uyeda;Efraim Racker

  • Partial Resolution of the Enzymes Catalyzing Oxidative Phosphorylation VIII. PROPERTIES OF A FACTOR CONFERRING OLIGOMYCIN SENSITIVITY ON MITOCHONDRIAL ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE

    Yasuo Kagawa;Efraim Racker

  • Partial resolution of the enzymes catalyzing oxidative phosphorylation. IX. Reconstruction of oligomycin-sensitive adenosine triphosphatase.

    Yasuo Kagawa;Efraim Racker

  • Effect of chemically well-defined sphingosine and its N-methyl derivatives on protein kinase C and src kinase activities.

    Yasuyuki Igarashi;Senitiroh Hakomori;Tatsushi Toyokuni;Barbara Dean

  • Partial resolution of the enzymes catalyzing photophosphorylation. 3. Activation of adenosine triphosphatase and 32P-labeled orthophosphate -adeno-sine triphosphate exchange in chloroplasts.

    Richard E. McCarty;Efraim Racker

  • Partial resolution of the enzymes catalyzing oxidative phosphorylation. X. Correlation of morphology and function in submitochondrial particles.

    Yasuo Kagawa;Efraim Racker

  • [49] Preparation and assay of chloroplast coupling factor CF1

    Stephen Lien;Efraim Racker

  • Ion transport and respiratory control in vesicles formed from cytochrome oxidase and phospholipids.

    Peter C. Hinkle;Jung Ja Kim;Efraim Racker

  • Partial Resolution of the Enzymes Catalyzing Oxidative Phosphorylation XIV. INTERACTION OF PURIFIED MITOCHONDRIAL ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE FROM BAKERS' YEAST WITH SUBMITOCHONDRIAL PARTICLES FROM BEEF HEART

    Gottfried Schatz;Harvey S. Penefsky;Efraim Racker

Frequent Co-Authors

Nathan Nelson
Nathan Nelson Tel Aviv University
Richard L. Huganir
Richard L. Huganir Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Cinzia Volonté
Cinzia Volonté Fondazione Santa Lucia
Richard E. McCarty
Richard E. McCarty Johns Hopkins University
Volker M. Vogt
Volker M. Vogt Cornell University
Matthew A. Nugent
Matthew A. Nugent University of Massachusetts Lowell
Baruch I. Kanner
Baruch I. Kanner Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Ralph A. Bradshaw
Ralph A. Bradshaw University of California, Irvine
Shaojun Zhang
Shaojun Zhang Tsinghua University
Richard A. Cerione
Richard A. Cerione Cornell University

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