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D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Immunology 63 2974 2738 1399 1279 334 33932

Frank J. Palella publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Frank J. Palella between 1996 and 2025, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Frank J. Palella published across 30 years, from 1996 to 2025, averaging 12.8 papers a year. Output peaked at 43 publications in 2024. 66 of the 385 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
10 20 30 40
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1996 to 2025. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 43. Peak 43 publications in 2024. 1996: 1 publication 1997: 1 publication 1998: 4 publications 1999: 3 publications 2000: 1 publication 2001: 3 publications 2002: 2 publications 2003: 3 publications 2004: 6 publications 2005: 4 publications 2006: 6 publications 2007: 11 publications 2008: 7 publications 2009: 14 publications 2010: 4 publications 2011: 10 publications 2012: 9 publications 2013: 8 publications 2014: 17 publications 2015: 22 publications 2016: 27 publications 2017: 21 publications 2018: 30 publications 2019: 29 publications 2020: 18 publications 2021: 26 publications 2022: 19 publications 2023: 13 publications 2024: 43 publications 2025: 23 publications
1996 2025

385 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Frank J. Palella: publications per year, 1996 to 2025
Year Publications
1996 1
1997 1
1998 4
1999 3
2000 1
2001 3
2002 2
2003 3
2004 6
2005 4
2006 6
2007 11
2008 7
2009 14
2010 4
2011 10
2012 9
2013 8
2014 17
2015 22
2016 27
2017 21
2018 30
2019 29
2020 18
2021 26
2022 19
2023 13
2024 43
2025 23
Total 385
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Frank J. Palella publications per year - data summary

  • Frank J. Palella, a Immunology scholar from Northwestern University, has 385 publications recorded across 30 years, from 1996 to 2025.
  • The oldest publication on record dates to 1996 and the most recent to 2025.
  • The most productive year is 2024, with 43 publications.
  • The least productive years with any output are 1996, 1997 and 2000, with 1 publication each.
  • The rate of publication averages 12.8 papers per year over the whole span, or 12.8 per year counting only the 30 years with at least one publication.
  • The last 5 years on the chart (2021-2025) hold 124 publications, 32% of the career total.
  • Split into equal eras - 1996-2005: 28 publications (2.8 per year); 2006-2015: 108 publications (10.8 per year); 2016-2025: 249 publications (24.9 per year).
  • Comparing the opening and closing eras, the overall trend of publication is rising.

Frank J. Palella publication distribution in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Immunology in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Frank J. Palella sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150
Bar chart with 76 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 62–71 to 807+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 189. Most scientists, 189, have 152–161 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 807 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 332–341 publications, is where this scientist sits. 62–71 publications: 9 scientists 72–81 publications: 23 scientists 82–91 publications: 40 scientists 92–101 publications: 72 scientists 102–111 publications: 86 scientists 112–121 publications: 108 scientists 122–131 publications: 150 scientists 132–141 publications: 160 scientists 142–151 publications: 159 scientists 152–161 publications: 189 scientists 162–171 publications: 166 scientists 172–181 publications: 181 scientists 182–191 publications: 188 scientists 192–201 publications: 187 scientists 202–211 publications: 178 scientists 212–221 publications: 158 scientists 222–231 publications: 168 scientists 232–241 publications: 159 scientists 242–251 publications: 160 scientists 252–261 publications: 148 scientists 262–271 publications: 116 scientists 272–281 publications: 125 scientists 282–291 publications: 115 scientists 292–301 publications: 111 scientists 302–311 publications: 95 scientists 312–321 publications: 97 scientists 322–331 publications: 97 scientists 332–341 publications: 99 scientists 342–351 publications: 96 scientists 352–361 publications: 69 scientists 362–371 publications: 76 scientists 372–381 publications: 71 scientists 382–391 publications: 71 scientists 392–401 publications: 62 scientists 402–411 publications: 54 scientists 412–421 publications: 41 scientists 422–431 publications: 63 scientists 432–441 publications: 53 scientists 442–451 publications: 31 scientists 452–461 publications: 42 scientists 462–471 publications: 40 scientists 472–481 publications: 29 scientists 482–491 publications: 34 scientists 492–501 publications: 30 scientists 502–511 publications: 23 scientists 512–521 publications: 41 scientists 522–531 publications: 29 scientists 532–541 publications: 28 scientists 542–551 publications: 16 scientists 552–561 publications: 18 scientists 562–571 publications: 18 scientists 572–581 publications: 17 scientists 582–591 publications: 17 scientists 592–601 publications: 17 scientists 602–611 publications: 19 scientists 612–621 publications: 13 scientists 622–631 publications: 12 scientists 632–641 publications: 11 scientists 642–651 publications: 16 scientists 652–661 publications: 9 scientists 662–671 publications: 5 scientists 672–681 publications: 13 scientists 682–691 publications: 12 scientists 692–701 publications: 6 scientists 702–711 publications: 6 scientists 712–721 publications: 9 scientists 722–731 publications: 9 scientists 732–741 publications: 6 scientists 742–751 publications: 11 scientists 752–761 publications: 10 scientists 762–771 publications: 7 scientists 772–781 publications: 12 scientists 782–791 publications: 7 scientists 792–801 publications: 5 scientists 802–806 publications: 1 scientist 807+ publications: 100 scientists
62–71 publications 807+

This scientist: 334 publications — 71st percentile

71% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 807 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Immunology scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 4,929 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
62–71 9
72–81 23
82–91 40
92–101 72
102–111 86
112–121 108
122–131 150
132–141 160
142–151 159
152–161 189
162–171 166
172–181 181
182–191 188
192–201 187
202–211 178
212–221 158
222–231 168
232–241 159
242–251 160
252–261 148
262–271 116
272–281 125
282–291 115
292–301 111
302–311 95
312–321 97
322–331 97
332–341 99 334
342–351 96
352–361 69
362–371 76
372–381 71
382–391 71
392–401 62
402–411 54
412–421 41
422–431 63
432–441 53
442–451 31
452–461 42
462–471 40
472–481 29
482–491 34
492–501 30
502–511 23
512–521 41
522–531 29
532–541 28
542–551 16
552–561 18
562–571 18
572–581 17
582–591 17
592–601 17
602–611 19
612–621 13
622–631 12
632–641 11
642–651 16
652–661 9
662–671 5
672–681 13
682–691 12
692–701 6
702–711 6
712–721 9
722–731 9
732–741 6
742–751 11
752–761 10
762–771 7
772–781 12
782–791 7
792–801 5
802–806 1
807+ 100
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Frank J. Palella publication distribution in Immunology in 2026 - data summary

  • The chart plots the publication count of all 4,929 Immunology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026, grouped into 76 ranges running from 62–71 to 807+ publications.
  • Frank J. Palella, a Immunology scholar from Northwestern University, records 334 publications - the 71st percentile of the discipline.
  • 71% of ranked Immunology scientists score the same or lower than Frank J. Palella, and about 29% score higher.
  • The median of the discipline falls in the 242–251 publications range, and Frank J. Palella ranks above the median.
  • The most crowded range is 152–161 publications, holding 189 scientists (4% of the field).
  • 52% of the field sits in the lowest quarter of the value range (up to 242–251 publications), so the distribution is heavily right-skewed and high scores are rare.
  • The final bar has no upper bound: it groups every scientist with 807 publications or more, 100 scientists in all (2% of the field).

Frank J. Palella D-index placement in Immunology in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Immunology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Frank J. Palella sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
50 100 150 200
Bar chart with 60 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 40–41 to 157+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 201. Most scientists, 201, have 58–59 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 62–63 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 40–41 D-Index: 28 scientists 42–43 D-Index: 91 scientists 44–45 D-Index: 157 scientists 46–47 D-Index: 192 scientists 48–49 D-Index: 175 scientists 50–51 D-Index: 188 scientists 52–53 D-Index: 177 scientists 54–55 D-Index: 155 scientists 56–57 D-Index: 194 scientists 58–59 D-Index: 201 scientists 60–61 D-Index: 197 scientists 62–63 D-Index: 201 scientists 64–65 D-Index: 173 scientists 66–67 D-Index: 167 scientists 68–69 D-Index: 172 scientists 70–71 D-Index: 199 scientists 72–73 D-Index: 184 scientists 74–75 D-Index: 133 scientists 76–77 D-Index: 163 scientists 78–79 D-Index: 127 scientists 80–81 D-Index: 121 scientists 82–83 D-Index: 125 scientists 84–85 D-Index: 121 scientists 86–87 D-Index: 102 scientists 88–89 D-Index: 96 scientists 90–91 D-Index: 75 scientists 92–93 D-Index: 72 scientists 94–95 D-Index: 74 scientists 96–97 D-Index: 66 scientists 98–99 D-Index: 68 scientists 100–101 D-Index: 49 scientists 102–103 D-Index: 60 scientists 104–105 D-Index: 54 scientists 106–107 D-Index: 36 scientists 108–109 D-Index: 23 scientists 110–111 D-Index: 52 scientists 112–113 D-Index: 41 scientists 114–115 D-Index: 34 scientists 116–117 D-Index: 25 scientists 118–119 D-Index: 28 scientists 120–121 D-Index: 11 scientists 122–123 D-Index: 20 scientists 124–125 D-Index: 27 scientists 126–127 D-Index: 19 scientists 128–129 D-Index: 20 scientists 130–131 D-Index: 16 scientists 132–133 D-Index: 17 scientists 134–135 D-Index: 14 scientists 136–137 D-Index: 15 scientists 138–139 D-Index: 9 scientists 140–141 D-Index: 11 scientists 142–143 D-Index: 9 scientists 144–145 D-Index: 9 scientists 146–147 D-Index: 7 scientists 148–149 D-Index: 7 scientists 150–151 D-Index: 7 scientists 152–153 D-Index: 5 scientists 154–155 D-Index: 8 scientists 156 D-Index: 6 scientists 157+ D-Index: 96 scientists
40–41 D-Index 157+

This scientist: 63 D-Index — 40th percentile

40% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Immunology scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 4,929 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
40–41 28
42–43 91
44–45 157
46–47 192
48–49 175
50–51 188
52–53 177
54–55 155
56–57 194
58–59 201
60–61 197
62–63 201 63
64–65 173
66–67 167
68–69 172
70–71 199
72–73 184
74–75 133
76–77 163
78–79 127
80–81 121
82–83 125
84–85 121
86–87 102
88–89 96
90–91 75
92–93 72
94–95 74
96–97 66
98–99 68
100–101 49
102–103 60
104–105 54
106–107 36
108–109 23
110–111 52
112–113 41
114–115 34
116–117 25
118–119 28
120–121 11
122–123 20
124–125 27
126–127 19
128–129 20
130–131 16
132–133 17
134–135 14
136–137 15
138–139 9
140–141 11
142–143 9
144–145 9
146–147 7
148–149 7
150–151 7
152–153 5
154–155 8
156 6
157+ 96
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Frank J. Palella D-index placement in Immunology in 2026 - data summary

  • The chart plots the discipline H-index (D-index) of all 4,929 Immunology scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026, grouped into 60 ranges running from 40–41 to 157+ D-Index.
  • Frank J. Palella, a Immunology scholar from Northwestern University, records 63 D-Index - the 40th percentile of the discipline.
  • 40% of ranked Immunology scientists score the same or lower than Frank J. Palella, and about 60% score higher.
  • The median of the discipline falls in the 68–69 D-Index range, and Frank J. Palella ranks below the median.
  • The most crowded range is 58–59 D-Index, holding 201 scientists (4% of the field).
  • 50% of the field sits in the lowest quarter of the value range (up to 68–69 D-Index), so the distribution is heavily right-skewed and high scores are rare.
  • The final bar has no upper bound: it groups every scientist with 157 D-Index or more, 96 scientists in all (2% of the field).

Best Publications

  • Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators.

    Frank J. Palella;Kathleen M. Delaney;Anne C. Moorman;Mark O. Loveless

  • Mortality in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era: changing causes of death and disease in the HIV outpatient study.

    Frank J. Palella;Rose K. Baker;Anne C. Moorman;Joan S. Chmiel

  • Guidelines for the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease in HIV-Infected Patients: Recommendations of the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

    Samir K. Gupta;Joseph A. Eustace;Jonathan A. Winston;Ivy I. Boydstun

  • Survival benefit of initiating antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected persons in different CD4+ cell strata.

    Frank J. Palella;Maria Deloria-Knoll;Joan S. Chmiel;Anne C. Moorman

  • Clinical assessment of HIV-associated lipodystrophy in an ambulatory population.

    Kenneth A. Lichtenstein;Kenneth A. Lichtenstein;Douglas J. Ward;Anne C. Moorman;Kathleen M. Delaney

  • AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses in US patients, 1994-2007: a cohort study.

    Kate Buchacz;Rose K. Baker;Frank J. Palella;Joan S. Chmiel

  • Associations between HIV infection and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.

    Wendy S. Post;Matthew Budoff;Lawrence Kingsley;Frank J. Palella

  • Cumulative exposure to nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors is associated with insulin resistance markers in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study

    Todd T Brown;Xiuhong Li;Stephen R Cole;Lawrence A Kingsley

  • Elevated Levels of Monocyte Activation Markers Are Associated With Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Men With and Those Without HIV Infection

    Rebeccah A. McKibben;Joseph B. Margolick;Steven Grinspoon;Xiuhong Li

  • Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests for Diagnosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis Rectal Infections

    Laura H. Bachmann;Laura H. Bachmann;Robert E. Johnson;Hong Cheng;Lauri Markowitz

  • Durability and predictors of success of highly active antiretroviral therapy for ambulatory HIV-infected patients

    Frank Joseph Palella;Joan S Chmiel;Anne C. Moorman;Scott D. Holmberg

  • Changes in adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy medications in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.

    Cynthia A. Kleeberger;Jennifer Buechner;Frank Palella;Roger Detels

  • End-Stage Renal Disease Among HIV-Infected Adults in North America

    Alison G. Abraham;Keri N. Althoff;Yuezhou Jing;Michelle M. Estrella

  • Multimorbidity Among Persons Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States.

    Cherise Wong;Stephen J Gange;Richard D Moore;Amy C Justice

  • Risk Factors for Weight Gain Following Switch to Integrase Inhibitor-Based Antiretroviral Therapy.

    Jordan E Lake;Kunling Wu;Sara H Bares;Paula Debroy

  • Subclinical coronary atherosclerosis, HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy: Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study

    Lawrence A Kingsley;Juliana Cuervo-Rojas;Alvaro Muñoz;Frank J Palella

  • Increased Risk of Myocardial Infarction in HIV-Infected Individuals in North America Compared With the General Population.

    Daniel R. Drozd;Mari M. Kitahata;Keri N. Althoff;Jinbing Zhang

  • Risk factors for fatty liver in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.

    Jennifer C Price;Eric C Seaberg;Rachel Latanich;Matthew J Budoff

  • Contributions of traditional and HIV-related risk factors on non-AIDS-defining cancer, myocardial infarction, and end-stage liver and renal diseases in adults with HIV in the USA and Canada: a collaboration of cohort studies

    Keri N Althoff;Kelly A Gebo;Richard D Moore;Cynthia M Boyd

Frequent Co-Authors

Wendy S. Post
Wendy S. Post Johns Hopkins University
Lawrence A. Kingsley
Lawrence A. Kingsley University of Pittsburgh
Lisa P. Jacobson
Lisa P. Jacobson Johns Hopkins University
Mallory D. Witt
Mallory D. Witt Lundquist Institute
Matthew J. Budoff
Matthew J. Budoff UCLA Medical Center
Kate Buchacz
Kate Buchacz Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Joseph B. Margolick
Joseph B. Margolick Johns Hopkins University
Phyllis C. Tien
Phyllis C. Tien University of California, San Francisco
Michael G. Shlipak
Michael G. Shlipak University of California, San Francisco
John T. Brooks
John T. Brooks Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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