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D-Index & Metrics

Discipline name D-Index World Ranking Current World Ranking National Ranking Current National Ranking Publications Citations
Social Sciences and Humanities 38 5808 5391 2754 2511 193 9917

Carl E. Pray publications per year

The chart shows the history of publications by Carl E. Pray between 1968 and 2025, highlighting the no. of papers published in each year and offering an overview of the publication velocity of this scholar. Carl E. Pray published across 58 years, from 1968 to 2025, averaging 3.6 papers a year. Output peaked at 14 publications in 2019. 5 of the 207 publications appeared in the last two years.

No. of publications
5 10
Bar chart. Horizontal axis: year, 1968 to 2025. Vertical axis: number of publications, 0 to 14. Peak 14 publications in 2019. 1968: 1 publication 1969: 0 publications 1970: 0 publications 1971: 0 publications 1972: 0 publications 1973: 0 publications 1974: 0 publications 1975: 0 publications 1976: 0 publications 1977: 0 publications 1978: 0 publications 1979: 1 publication 1980: 1 publication 1981: 2 publications 1982: 1 publication 1983: 3 publications 1984: 2 publications 1985: 4 publications 1986: 5 publications 1987: 5 publications 1988: 2 publications 1989: 2 publications 1990: 3 publications 1991: 3 publications 1992: 1 publication 1993: 0 publications 1994: 3 publications 1995: 2 publications 1996: 1 publication 1997: 2 publications 1998: 5 publications 1999: 3 publications 2000: 3 publications 2001: 6 publications 2002: 10 publications 2003: 8 publications 2004: 9 publications 2005: 8 publications 2006: 11 publications 2007: 8 publications 2008: 6 publications 2009: 6 publications 2010: 5 publications 2011: 6 publications 2012: 10 publications 2013: 5 publications 2014: 1 publication 2015: 4 publications 2016: 4 publications 2017: 8 publications 2018: 5 publications 2019: 14 publications 2020: 2 publications 2021: 6 publications 2022: 2 publications 2023: 3 publications 2024: 1 publication 2025: 4 publications
1968 2025

207 publications in total across all disciplines

View publications per year as a table
Carl E. Pray: publications per year, 1968 to 2025
Year Publications
1968 1
1969 0
1970 0
1971 0
1972 0
1973 0
1974 0
1975 0
1976 0
1977 0
1978 0
1979 1
1980 1
1981 2
1982 1
1983 3
1984 2
1985 4
1986 5
1987 5
1988 2
1989 2
1990 3
1991 3
1992 1
1993 0
1994 3
1995 2
1996 1
1997 2
1998 5
1999 3
2000 3
2001 6
2002 10
2003 8
2004 9
2005 8
2006 11
2007 8
2008 6
2009 6
2010 5
2011 6
2012 10
2013 5
2014 1
2015 4
2016 4
2017 8
2018 5
2019 14
2020 2
2021 6
2022 2
2023 3
2024 1
2025 4
Total 207
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Carl E. Pray publication distribution in Social Sciences and Humanities in 2026

The chart shows the distribution of publications by all Research.com ranked scientists in the field of Social Sciences and Humanities in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Carl E. Pray sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
100 200 300 400
Bar chart with 54 bars. Horizontal axis: publications, 44–53 to 570+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 474. Most scientists, 474, have 114–123 publications. The last bar groups every scientist with 570 publications or more. The highlighted bar, 184–193 publications, is where this scientist sits. 44–53 publications: 28 scientists 54–63 publications: 61 scientists 64–73 publications: 161 scientists 74–83 publications: 225 scientists 84–93 publications: 301 scientists 94–103 publications: 390 scientists 104–113 publications: 406 scientists 114–123 publications: 474 scientists 124–133 publications: 453 scientists 134–143 publications: 434 scientists 144–153 publications: 407 scientists 154–163 publications: 411 scientists 164–173 publications: 391 scientists 174–183 publications: 313 scientists 184–193 publications: 319 scientists 194–203 publications: 304 scientists 204–213 publications: 285 scientists 214–223 publications: 246 scientists 224–233 publications: 213 scientists 234–243 publications: 170 scientists 244–253 publications: 167 scientists 254–263 publications: 162 scientists 264–273 publications: 138 scientists 274–283 publications: 138 scientists 284–293 publications: 113 scientists 294–303 publications: 106 scientists 304–313 publications: 95 scientists 314–323 publications: 101 scientists 324–333 publications: 81 scientists 334–343 publications: 69 scientists 344–353 publications: 56 scientists 354–363 publications: 36 scientists 364–373 publications: 42 scientists 374–383 publications: 41 scientists 384–393 publications: 44 scientists 394–403 publications: 27 scientists 404–413 publications: 30 scientists 414–423 publications: 20 scientists 424–433 publications: 29 scientists 434–443 publications: 29 scientists 444–453 publications: 25 scientists 454–463 publications: 19 scientists 464–473 publications: 21 scientists 474–483 publications: 11 scientists 484–493 publications: 17 scientists 494–503 publications: 7 scientists 504–513 publications: 6 scientists 514–523 publications: 12 scientists 524–533 publications: 10 scientists 534–543 publications: 7 scientists 544–553 publications: 6 scientists 554–563 publications: 12 scientists 564–569 publications: 8 scientists 570+ publications: 100 scientists
44–53 publications 570+

This scientist: 193 publications — 61st percentile

61% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 570 publications or more.

View publications distribution as a table
Number of Social Sciences and Humanities scientists by publication count, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 7,777 ranked scientists.
Publications Scientists This scientist
44–53 28
54–63 61
64–73 161
74–83 225
84–93 301
94–103 390
104–113 406
114–123 474
124–133 453
134–143 434
144–153 407
154–163 411
164–173 391
174–183 313
184–193 319 193
194–203 304
204–213 285
214–223 246
224–233 213
234–243 170
244–253 167
254–263 162
264–273 138
274–283 138
284–293 113
294–303 106
304–313 95
314–323 101
324–333 81
334–343 69
344–353 56
354–363 36
364–373 42
374–383 41
384–393 44
394–403 27
404–413 30
414–423 20
424–433 29
434–443 29
444–453 25
454–463 19
464–473 21
474–483 11
484–493 17
494–503 7
504–513 6
514–523 12
524–533 10
534–543 7
544–553 6
554–563 12
564–569 8
570+ 100
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Carl E. Pray D-index placement in Social Sciences and Humanities in 2026

The chart shows the D-index (discipline H-index) distribution of Social Sciences and Humanities scientists ranked by Research.com in 2026. The highlighted bar marks where Carl E. Pray sits on this spectrum.

No. of scientists
100 200 300
Bar chart with 71 bars. Horizontal axis: D-Index, 30 to 100+. Vertical axis: number of scientists, 0 to 313. Most scientists, 313, have 42 D-Index. The last bar groups every scientist with 100 D-Index or more. The highlighted bar, 38 D-Index, is where this scientist sits. 30 D-Index: 177 scientists 31 D-Index: 210 scientists 32 D-Index: 222 scientists 33 D-Index: 188 scientists 34 D-Index: 181 scientists 35 D-Index: 243 scientists 36 D-Index: 261 scientists 37 D-Index: 272 scientists 38 D-Index: 278 scientists 39 D-Index: 300 scientists 40 D-Index: 297 scientists 41 D-Index: 308 scientists 42 D-Index: 313 scientists 43 D-Index: 300 scientists 44 D-Index: 269 scientists 45 D-Index: 260 scientists 46 D-Index: 228 scientists 47 D-Index: 251 scientists 48 D-Index: 203 scientists 49 D-Index: 186 scientists 50 D-Index: 187 scientists 51 D-Index: 166 scientists 52 D-Index: 138 scientists 53 D-Index: 141 scientists 54 D-Index: 131 scientists 55 D-Index: 137 scientists 56 D-Index: 109 scientists 57 D-Index: 129 scientists 58 D-Index: 95 scientists 59 D-Index: 105 scientists 60 D-Index: 106 scientists 61 D-Index: 86 scientists 62 D-Index: 94 scientists 63 D-Index: 77 scientists 64 D-Index: 79 scientists 65 D-Index: 59 scientists 66 D-Index: 68 scientists 67 D-Index: 51 scientists 68 D-Index: 49 scientists 69 D-Index: 40 scientists 70 D-Index: 43 scientists 71 D-Index: 40 scientists 72 D-Index: 50 scientists 73 D-Index: 46 scientists 74 D-Index: 43 scientists 75 D-Index: 45 scientists 76 D-Index: 45 scientists 77 D-Index: 30 scientists 78 D-Index: 25 scientists 79 D-Index: 31 scientists 80 D-Index: 29 scientists 81 D-Index: 18 scientists 82 D-Index: 21 scientists 83 D-Index: 26 scientists 84 D-Index: 15 scientists 85 D-Index: 15 scientists 86 D-Index: 19 scientists 87 D-Index: 19 scientists 88 D-Index: 12 scientists 89 D-Index: 7 scientists 90 D-Index: 19 scientists 91 D-Index: 20 scientists 92 D-Index: 13 scientists 93 D-Index: 9 scientists 94 D-Index: 13 scientists 95 D-Index: 8 scientists 96 D-Index: 7 scientists 97 D-Index: 6 scientists 98 D-Index: 6 scientists 99 D-Index: 6 scientists 100+ D-Index: 97 scientists
30 D-Index 100+

This scientist: 38 D-Index — 26th percentile

26% of scientists in this discipline score the same or lower.

The last bar groups every scientist with 100 D-Index or more.

View D-Index distribution as a table
Number of Social Sciences and Humanities scientists by D-index, Research.com 2026 ranking edition. Based on 7,777 ranked scientists.
D-Index Scientists This scientist
30 177
31 210
32 222
33 188
34 181
35 243
36 261
37 272
38 278 38
39 300
40 297
41 308
42 313
43 300
44 269
45 260
46 228
47 251
48 203
49 186
50 187
51 166
52 138
53 141
54 131
55 137
56 109
57 129
58 95
59 105
60 106
61 86
62 94
63 77
64 79
65 59
66 68
67 51
68 49
69 40
70 43
71 40
72 50
73 46
74 43
75 45
76 45
77 30
78 25
79 31
80 29
81 18
82 21
83 26
84 15
85 15
86 19
87 19
88 12
89 7
90 19
91 20
92 13
93 9
94 13
95 8
96 7
97 6
98 6
99 6
100+ 97
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Overview

Carl E. Pray is affiliated with Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in the United States. Their research primarily focuses on Agricultural and Biological Sciences, with a notable emphasis on General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Economics and Econometrics, Plant Science, Soil Science, and Molecular Biology. Throughout their career, they have contributed to several key topics within these fields.

The main research topics Carl E. Pray has addressed include:

  • Agricultural Innovations and Practices
  • Genetically Modified Organisms Research
  • Bioeconomy and Sustainability Development
  • Innovation Policy and R&D
  • CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
  • FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance
  • Digital Platforms and Economics

Noteworthy recent papers by Carl E. Pray encompass a variety of subjects related to agricultural innovation and policy. These include:

  • Who drives the digital revolution in agriculture? A review of supply-side trends, players and challenges, 2021, Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy
  • Impact of public research and development and extension on agricultural productivity in China from 1990 to 2013, 2021, China Economic Review
  • Impact of Government Policies on Research and Development (R&D) Investment, Innovation, and Productivity: Evidence from Pesticide Firms in China, 2022, Agriculture
  • Viewpoint: The uptake of new crop science: Explaining success, and failure, 2023, Food Policy
  • The Bioeconomy and Food Systems Transformation, 2023, Sustainability

The frequent co-authors working with Carl E. Pray are:

  • Haiyan Deng
  • Yanhong Jin
  • Regina Birner
  • Ruifa Hu
  • Changxin Yu

Carl E. Pray has published in a range of recognized academic venues. The most frequent publication venues include:

  • SSRN Electronic Journal
  • Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy
  • China Economic Review
  • Agriculture
  • Food Policy

Best Publications

  • Impact of Bt Cotton in China

    Carl Pray;Danmeng Ma;Jikun Huang;Fangbin Qiao

  • Five years of Bt cotton in China - the benefits continue.

    Carl E. Pray;Jikun Huang;Ruifa Hu;Scott Rozelle

  • Plant biotechnology in China.

    Jikun Huang;Scott Rozelle;Carl Pray;Qinfang Wang

  • The Impact of Bt Cotton in China

    Carl Pray;Jikun Huang

  • Insect-resistant GM rice in farmers' fields: Assessing productivity and health effects in China

    Jikun Huang;Ruifa Hu;Ruifa Hu;Ruifa Hu;Scott Rozelle;Scott Rozelle;Scott Rozelle;Carl Pray;Carl Pray;Carl Pray

  • Agricultural Research and Productivity Growth in India

    Robert E. Evenson;Carl E. Pray;Mark W. Rosegrant

  • Enhancing the crops to feed the poor

    Jikun Huang;Carl Pray;Scott D. Rozelle

  • Biotechnology as an alternative to chemical pesticides: a case study of Bt cotton in China

    Jikun Huang;Ruifa Hu;Carl Pray;Fangbin Qiao

  • Transgenic varieties and productivity of smallholder cotton farmers in China

    Jikun Huang;Ruifa Hu;Scott Rozelle;Fangbin Qiao

  • Awareness, acceptance of and willingness to buy genetically modified foods in Urban China

    Jikun Huang;Huanguang Qiu;Junfei Bai;Carl Pray

  • Who drives the digital revolution in agriculture? A review of supply‐side trends, players and challenges

    Regina Birner;Thomas Daum;Carl Pray

  • A GM subsistence crop in Africa: the case of Bt white maize in South Africa

    Marthinus Gouse;Carl E. Pray;Johann F. Kirsten;David Schimmelpfennig

  • 'Bt cotton' benefits, costs and impacts in China

    Jikun Huang;Ruifa Hu;Cuihui Fan;Carl E. Pray

  • Genetically modified cotton and farmers' health in China.

    Ferdaus Hossain;Carl E. Pray;Yanmei Lu;Jikun Huang

  • Research and Productivity in Asian Agriculture

    Robert E. Evenson;Carl E. Pray

  • The private sector in agricultural research systems: Will it fill the gap?

    Carl E. Pray;Dina Umali-Deininger

  • A decade of Bt cotton in Chinese fields: Assessing the direct effects and indirect externalities of Bt cotton adoption in China

    Huang JiKun;MI JianWei;Lin Hai;Lin Hai;Wang ZiJun;Wang ZiJun

  • Private Investment In Agricultural Research And International Technology Transfer In Asia

    Carl E. Pray;Keith O. Fuglie

  • Three Seasons of Subsistence Insect-Resistant Maize in South Africa: Have Smallholders Benefited?

    Marnus Gouse;Carl E. Pray;David Schimmelpfennig;Johann Kirsten

  • The Distribution of Benefits from Bt Cotton Adoption in South Africa

    Marnus Gouse;Carl Pray;David Schimmelpfennig

  • Research Investments and Market Structure in the Food Processing, Agricultural Input, and Biofuel Industries Worldwide

    John L. King;Carl E. Pray;Kelly Day-Rubenstein;David Schimmelpfennig

Frequent Co-Authors

Jikun Huang
Jikun Huang Peking University
Scott Rozelle
Scott Rozelle Stanford University
Keith O. Fuglie
Keith O. Fuglie United States Department of Agriculture
Robert E. Evenson
Robert E. Evenson Yale University
Vernon W. Ruttan
Vernon W. Ruttan University of Minnesota
Justus Wesseler
Justus Wesseler Wageningen University & Research
Gordon S. Shephard
Gordon S. Shephard Cape Peninsula University of Technology
David Zilberman
David Zilberman University of California, Berkeley
Thomas Reardon
Thomas Reardon Michigan State University
John P. Rheeder
John P. Rheeder Cape Peninsula University of Technology

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