2026 How to Become a Speech Language Pathologist in Rhode Island: Requirements & Certification

by Imed Bouchrika, PhD

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

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1. How can you become a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?
2. What is the minimum educational requirement to become a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?
3. What does a speech language pathologist do?
4. What is the certification and licensing process for a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?
5. What ethical and legal guidelines should you observe as a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?
6. How much can you earn as a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?
7. What is the job market like for a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?
8. What certifications can strengthen an SLP career in Rhode Island?
9. What professional development options can improve your SLP career?
10. Can accelerated pathways help you enter the SLP field faster?
11. What career and advancement opportunities are available for Rhode Island SLPs?
12. What challenges should Rhode Island SLPs consider?
13. How does speech-language pathology connect with special education?
14. What professional support networks can help Rhode Island SLPs?
15. How does telepractice affect SLP services in Rhode Island?
16. How can interdisciplinary collaboration expand SLP opportunities?
17. How can English teaching strategies support SLP practice?
18. How can psychology insights strengthen SLP practice?
19. How can marriage and family therapy concepts complement SLP practice?
20. How can mental health integration improve SLP outcomes?
21. How can school counselor collaboration improve SLP services?
22. What mistakes should aspiring SLPs avoid?

How can you become a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?

The Rhode Island path to speech-language pathology is structured and sequential. You will first build an academic foundation, then complete graduate-level clinical training, pass the required exam, apply for professional certification when appropriate, and obtain state licensure before independent practice.

Rhode Island students often consider the University of Rhode Island and Rhode Island College because both are local options with SLP-related training pathways. Students who need more flexibility may also compare online speech-language pathology master’s programs, especially if cost, location, or work obligations limit campus attendance.

Before enrolling, ask whether the program supports Rhode Island licensure, how clinical placements are arranged, whether online students receive local practicum support, and how graduates perform on the Praxis exam. Understanding Rhode Island speech-language pathologist requirements before admission can prevent expensive delays later.

What is the minimum educational requirement to become a speech language pathologist in in Rhode Island?

The minimum professional education for independent SLP practice in Rhode Island is a graduate degree in speech-language pathology, typically a master’s degree. A bachelor’s degree is the starting point, but it is not enough for full licensure as a speech-language pathologist.

• Bachelor’s degree: Most students begin with communication sciences and disorders, speech and hearing science, linguistics, psychology, education, or a related major. Students without a communication disorders background may need leveling courses before graduate admission.
• Master’s degree: A master’s in speech-language pathology is the standard route to licensure. The curriculum usually includes speech and language development, phonetics, anatomy and physiology of speech mechanisms, audiology foundations, dysphagia, fluency, voice, neurological communication disorders, research methods, and clinical methods.
• Doctoral study: A doctorate is not usually required for entry-level SLP licensure, but it can support academic, research, leadership, or specialized clinical careers.
• Typical length: A bachelor’s degree usually takes about four years, followed by approximately two years for a master’s program. Doctoral study can extend the timeline depending on research area and program format.
• Estimated graduate cost: Graduate program costs range from approximately $20,000 to $60,000, depending on school type, residency status, format, fees, and clinical placement requirements.
• Accreditation: Choose a program accredited by a recognized body such as the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. Accreditation is central to licensure eligibility, certification, and employer trust.

If you are comparing schools, look beyond reputation alone. Review clinical placement quality, faculty specialties, Praxis preparation, cohort size, tuition and fees, assistantship options, and whether the program’s curriculum aligns with Rhode Island licensing expectations. You can also compare broader options through Research.com’s guide to speech-language pathology master’s programs.

What does a speech language pathologist do?

A speech-language pathologist evaluates and treats communication, language, speech, voice, fluency, cognitive-communication, and swallowing disorders. SLPs work with infants, children, adolescents, adults, and older adults, and their day-to-day work depends heavily on the setting.

• Assessment and diagnosis: SLPs use interviews, case histories, observation, standardized measures, and clinical judgment to identify communication or swallowing needs.
• Treatment planning: They create goals and therapy plans based on each client’s age, diagnosis, strengths, environment, and functional communication needs.
• Direct intervention: Therapy may target articulation, expressive and receptive language, social communication, fluency, voice, cognitive-communication, augmentative and alternative communication, or swallowing safety.
• Documentation: SLPs write evaluation reports, treatment notes, progress summaries, discharge plans, and school-based IEP documentation when applicable.
• Family and caregiver education: They coach parents, caregivers, teachers, and healthcare teams so communication strategies continue outside the therapy session.
• Collaboration: SLPs often coordinate with physicians, nurses, occupational therapists, physical therapists, special educators, psychologists, counselors, and case managers.
• Advocacy: They help clients access services, accommodations, communication tools, and evidence-based support.

Successful SLPs need clinical reasoning, patience, cultural responsiveness, strong written documentation, and the ability to explain complex findings clearly. The work is relational as much as technical: clients often make progress through repeated practice, trust, and support from families and care teams.

What is the certification and licensing process for a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?

Rhode Island licensure confirms that an SLP has met the state’s standards for education, supervised experience, examination, and professional practice. Certification and licensure are related but not identical: ASHA certification is a professional credential, while Rhode Island licensure is the legal authorization to practice in the state.

1. Graduate from an accredited master’s program. Your program should meet professional standards recognized by ASHA and state licensing authorities. If you are still comparing academic options, Research.com’s guide to audiology and speech pathology master’s programs can help you evaluate related graduate pathways.
2. Complete supervised clinical training. Your practicum and post-graduate supervised experience must be documented. Keep records early rather than trying to reconstruct them later.
3. Pass the national examination. The Praxis exam is used to assess professional knowledge for entry-level SLP practice.
4. Pursue CCC-SLP certification if applicable. Many candidates apply for the ASHA Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech-Language Pathology after meeting education, exam, and supervised experience requirements.
5. Apply to the Rhode Island Department of Health. Candidates submit the licensure application, required documents, and a non-refundable application fee of $145.
6. Complete background requirements. Fingerprinting and background checks are part of the process to protect clients and patients.
7. Allow processing time. The application process typically takes four to six weeks, although incomplete documentation can slow approval.
8. Meet school requirements if working in education. SLPs who want to work in schools may need additional certification, including competencies identified by ASHA and a minimum Praxis score.
9. Consider emergency permit rules carefully. A one-year emergency permit may be available when a school district has a staffing need and the local school superintendent requests it, but this should not be treated as a substitute for full professional preparation.
10. Renew your license. Rhode Island SLP licenses expire biennially, and continuing education is required to maintain current practice knowledge.

Licensing rules can change, so verify requirements directly with the Rhode Island Department of Health before submitting an application. Also confirm whether your desired employer requires CCC-SLP, school certification, specialized training, or documentation beyond the state license.

What ethical and legal guidelines should you observe as a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?

SLPs in Rhode Island carry legal and ethical responsibilities because they work with children, patients, families, medical information, educational records, and vulnerable populations. Strong clinical skills are not enough; you must also practice within your scope, protect confidential information, document accurately, and communicate honestly about services and outcomes.

Legal responsibilities

• Hold the proper license. Rhode Island SLPs must maintain a valid license issued through the Rhode Island Department of Health before practicing independently.
• Stay within scope of practice. Assessment, diagnosis, intervention, consultation, and documentation should match the professional scope of speech-language pathology. Working beyond your training can create client safety and legal risks.
• Meet school-based obligations. SLPs in schools must understand IEP rules, evaluation timelines, service delivery documentation, and applicable education laws.

Confidentiality and consent

Client privacy is central to ethical practice. SLPs must follow confidentiality expectations under HIPAA in healthcare settings and protect student information in educational environments. Information should be shared only with proper authorization, legitimate educational or care-team need, and appropriate consent.

Common ethical issues

• Insurance limits: SLPs may need to advocate for appropriate care when insurance rules restrict visit frequency, covered services, or treatment duration.
• Caseload pressure: High caseloads can make it difficult to provide individualized services, so documentation, prioritization, and advocacy are essential.
• Competence boundaries: If a client needs a specialty outside your training, referral or supervision may be the ethical choice.
• Conflicts of interest: Recommendations should be based on client need, not convenience, billing incentives, or employer pressure.

Federal and state compliance

Rhode Island SLPs may need to comply with the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, HIPAA, state licensure rules, employer policies, and continuing education requirements. Ethical practice means knowing which rules apply in each setting and seeking guidance before problems escalate.

How much can you earn as a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?

Speech-language pathologist salaries in Rhode Island are competitive, but the best estimate depends on the source, year, setting, and experience level. The article’s cited figures include an average salary around $85,000 as of 2023, another average of $82,000, a median salary of approximately $80,000, and a national average of about $79,000.

Settings that may affect pay

1. Healthcare and social assistance: Hospitals, rehabilitation centers, and medical employers may offer higher compensation, especially for SLPs with dysphagia, neurogenic communication, or acute care experience.
2. Educational services: Schools can provide stable schedules, benefits, and meaningful pediatric experience, though pay may vary by district and contract.
3. Research and development: Specialized roles in research, product development, or assistive communication technology can offer different earning potential for experienced professionals.

Rhode Island locations to compare

1. Providence: The capital has healthcare systems, schools, universities, and clinics, making it a central employment market.
2. Warwick: School-based and community service roles may be available in and around this area.
3. Cranston: Clinics, schools, and regional providers can create opportunities for SLPs seeking local positions.

When comparing job offers, do not focus only on base salary. Review health insurance, retirement contributions, paid time off, continuing education funds, supervision, documentation expectations, commute time, productivity requirements, and whether the employer supports licensure renewal.

What is the job market like for a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?

The Rhode Island SLP job market is shaped by demand in schools and healthcare, a small-state employer network, and ongoing need for communication, developmental, rehabilitation, and swallowing services. A projected growth rate of 25% for SLP positions from 2020 to 2030 indicates strong long-term demand, but new graduates should still expect competition for preferred locations and settings.

• Demand drivers: An aging population, awareness of speech and language disorders, special education service needs, and rehabilitation demand all support SLP employment.
• Competition: Providence and nearby urban areas may attract many applicants, including graduates from local programs.
• Work setting differences: Schools may offer predictable academic calendars, while healthcare roles may involve more medical complexity and different productivity expectations.
• Compensation: Average earnings are cited around $80,000 annually, though salaries vary by setting, experience, and employer.
• Cost of living: Rhode Island’s housing and general living costs can reduce the practical value of a strong salary, especially for graduates with loans.

Current trends affecting Rhode Island SLPs

• Telepractice is now part of service delivery. SLPs increasingly need comfort with digital platforms, remote assessment limits, privacy rules, and hybrid care models.
• Schools need collaborative service models. SLPs are expected to work closely with special educators, counselors, psychologists, classroom teachers, and families.
• Employers value specialization. Autism spectrum disorders, bilingual services, dysphagia, early intervention, AAC, and literacy-linked language intervention can strengthen a candidate’s profile.
• Documentation demands remain high. Whether in schools or healthcare, SLPs must be accurate, timely, and defensible in their reports and notes.
• Technology is changing practice. Digital therapy materials, AAC tools, remote sessions, and data-tracking systems can improve access, but they also require training and careful privacy practices.

What types of certifications can complement a speech language pathologist career in Rhode Island?

Additional certifications can help Rhode Island SLPs qualify for specialized roles, especially in schools, early intervention, medical care, bilingual services, and autism-related practice. They should not be chosen randomly; the best credential is the one that matches your target clients and employer setting.

What additional professional development opportunities can enhance your SLP career in Rhode Island?

Professional development helps SLPs stay current, protect licensure, and move into better-fit roles. The most valuable opportunities connect directly to your caseload rather than adding credentials for appearance alone.

• Clinical workshops: Choose training in dysphagia, AAC, language intervention, fluency, voice, neurogenic disorders, or pediatric assessment based on your practice setting.
• Technology training: Telepractice platforms, documentation systems, AAC software, and digital therapy tools are increasingly relevant.
• Regional conferences: Local events can connect you with employers, supervisors, referral partners, and experienced clinicians.
• Interdisciplinary learning: SLPs in schools may benefit from understanding curriculum, literacy instruction, and classroom management. If you are interested in school-based work, reviewing elementary teacher pathways in Rhode Island can clarify how educators approach learning goals.
• Mentorship: Early-career SLPs should seek supervisors who provide feedback on assessment decisions, treatment planning, documentation, and parent or team communication.

Can accelerated educational pathways enhance your SLP career in Rhode Island?

Accelerated SLP pathways can be useful for motivated students who already understand the workload and have the prerequisites to succeed. They are not automatically better. A shorter format only makes sense if the program still provides accredited coursework, strong clinical placement support, exam preparation, and licensure alignment.

Students comparing faster options can review accelerated speech pathology programs to understand how condensed formats are structured. Before enrolling, ask how clinical placements are secured, whether Rhode Island licensure requirements are addressed, what happens if you need to study part time, and whether the pace leaves enough time for clinical skill development.

What career and advancement opportunities are available for a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?

Rhode Island SLPs can build careers across schools, healthcare, rehabilitation, private practice, early intervention, higher education, supervision, and consulting. If you are still exploring the profession broadly, Research.com’s guide to becoming a speech pathologist can help you compare the full career route.

• Entry-level roles: New SLPs often begin in schools, clinics, rehabilitation centers, hospitals, or supervised fellowship positions. Speech-language pathology assistant roles may also be available for those earlier in the pipeline; these positions often involve supporting licensed SLPs, preparing materials, helping with therapy tasks, and tracking progress. Hourly wages are cited between $25 and $28.
• Clinical specialization: Experienced SLPs can focus on areas such as dysphagia, AAC, autism, fluency, voice, bilingual services, early intervention, or adult neurogenic disorders.
• Supervisory roles: Clinical supervisors and program coordinators oversee therapy quality, mentor newer clinicians, manage schedules, and support compliance.
• Senior leadership: Directors of speech-language pathology services may handle staffing, budgets, strategic planning, clinical policy, and program development.
• Academic and research paths: SLPs with advanced training may teach, supervise graduate students, conduct research, or work in program administration.
• Consulting and private practice: Some SLPs develop niche services, contract with schools, provide telepractice, or build independent practices.

Advancement usually depends on experience, specialty competence, documentation quality, leadership skills, and the ability to collaborate across disciplines. If graduate cost is a major concern, compare affordable options carefully through resources such as the most affordable online speech pathology programs.

What challenges should you consider as a speech language pathologist in Rhode Island?

Speech-language pathology is meaningful work, but it can also be demanding. Rhode Island SLPs should evaluate workload, documentation requirements, resources, salary, and setting before accepting a position.

• High caseloads: Some SLPs report weekly caseloads between 40 and 90 clients. Large caseloads can limit planning time, reduce individual attention, and increase burnout risk.
• Administrative workload: Therapy notes, evaluations, progress reports, IEP documents, billing records, and team meetings can take significant time outside direct therapy.
• Resource limitations: Schools and clinics may not always have updated materials, technology, or adequate staffing support.
• Diverse client needs: SLPs must adapt to different ages, diagnoses, languages, cultures, family priorities, and learning needs.
• Unqualified providers: Families may encounter people offering speech-related services without proper credentials, which makes professional advocacy and public education important.
• Cost-of-living pressure: A salary that looks strong on paper may feel tighter after housing, loans, commuting, and licensure costs.

Questions to ask before accepting an SLP job in Rhode Island

• What is the expected caseload or productivity requirement?
• How much time is protected for documentation and planning?
• Will I receive supervision, mentoring, or peer consultation?
• Does the employer pay for continuing education, licensure renewal, or professional dues?
• What assessment tools, therapy materials, AAC resources, and technology are available?
• How are bilingual, medically complex, or high-support clients assigned?
• What is the policy for telepractice, privacy, and remote service delivery?
• How often do SLPs leave this position, and why?

How does speech-language pathology intersect with special education in Rhode Island?

Speech-language pathology and special education often overlap in Rhode Island schools because communication difficulties can affect reading, writing, classroom participation, social interaction, and access to instruction. SLPs are frequently part of teams that evaluate students, develop IEP goals, deliver services, and monitor progress.

In an IEP meeting, the SLP may address articulation, language comprehension, expressive language, social communication, fluency, or cognitive-communication needs. A special education teacher may focus on academic supports, learning strategies, classroom modifications, and broader instructional planning. When both professionals coordinate, students receive more consistent support across therapy sessions and the classroom.

Inclusive education also depends on practical collaboration. SLPs may coach teachers on visual supports, vocabulary instruction, classroom communication strategies, and peer interaction. Special educators may help SLPs align therapy targets with academic expectations. Students benefit when communication goals are not isolated from daily learning.

Professionals who want to understand this overlap more deeply can review the pathway for becoming a special education teacher in Rhode Island.

What professional support networks can enhance my career in Rhode Island?

Support networks help SLPs solve clinical problems, find jobs, meet continuing education requirements, and avoid professional isolation. In a small state like Rhode Island, local relationships can be especially useful because schools, clinics, hospitals, and universities often have overlapping networks.

• Professional associations: Join organizations that provide continuing education, legislative updates, ethics guidance, and networking.
• Mentoring groups: New clinicians should seek experienced SLPs who can review cases, documentation, and workplace decisions.
• Interdisciplinary teams: Build relationships with teachers, occupational therapists, physical therapists, psychologists, counselors, nurses, physicians, and social workers.
• Academic connections: University faculty and clinical supervisors can help with research, specialty training, and job leads.
• Resource-focused collaboration: SLPs who work heavily with literacy, information access, and assistive communication may find it useful to understand related fields such as librarianship in Rhode Island.

How does telepractice enhance speech-language pathology services in Rhode Island?

Telepractice can expand access to SLP services for clients who face transportation barriers, scheduling problems, provider shortages, or geographic constraints. It can also support hybrid models where some sessions happen in person and others occur remotely.

However, telepractice is not simply video calling. Rhode Island SLPs must consider privacy, informed consent, platform security, documentation, client appropriateness, emergency procedures, caregiver participation, and whether remote service delivery is clinically suitable. Some clients need in-person assessment or hands-on support, particularly for swallowing concerns or complex medical needs.

SLPs using telepractice should develop digital therapy skills, learn how to coach caregivers remotely, and understand how professional credentials such as the CCC-SLP fit into employer and client expectations.

How does interdisciplinary collaboration broaden career opportunities in Rhode Island?

Interdisciplinary collaboration can make an SLP more effective and more employable. Many communication needs are connected to learning, behavior, mental health, cognition, hearing, motor skills, medical recovery, and family systems. Employers value SLPs who can work well across these boundaries.

For example, collaboration with school psychologists can improve assessment interpretation, intervention planning, and student support. If this area interests you, review how professionals become school psychologists in Rhode Island. SLPs who understand the roles of related professionals can make better referrals, participate more effectively in team meetings, and design more realistic treatment plans.

How can integrating English teaching strategies elevate my SLP practice in Rhode Island?

English teaching strategies can strengthen school-based SLP practice because many language goals connect directly to vocabulary, narrative structure, grammar, reading comprehension, writing, and classroom discussion. SLPs do not replace English teachers, but they can use instructional methods to make therapy more academically relevant.

For students with language disorders, therapy may include explicit vocabulary instruction, story retell practice, sentence combining, inferencing, phonological awareness, and comprehension strategies. SLPs who understand classroom literacy expectations can write goals that better support academic access. Those interested in this connection can explore how to become an English teacher in Rhode Island.

How can integrating psychology insights strengthen my SLP practice in Rhode Island?

Psychology can help SLPs understand motivation, attention, memory, behavior, anxiety, learning differences, and family dynamics. These factors often influence whether a client participates in therapy and generalizes skills outside sessions.

For example, a child with social communication needs may also struggle with anxiety, or an adult recovering from a stroke may experience frustration that affects therapy engagement. SLPs who understand behavioral and cognitive factors can design more realistic goals, use reinforcement thoughtfully, and collaborate more effectively with mental health professionals. For academic context, review the best psychology schools in Rhode Island.

How can marriage and family therapy approaches complement my speech-language pathology practice in Rhode Island?

Communication disorders affect families, not only individual clients. Marriage and family therapy concepts can help SLPs think about routines, relationships, caregiver stress, and home communication patterns. This does not mean practicing therapy outside the SLP scope; it means recognizing that family systems influence progress.

In pediatric practice, caregiver coaching may determine whether strategies are used at home. In adult rehabilitation, spouses and family members may need guidance on supported conversation, patience, and realistic expectations. SLPs interested in family-centered care may find value in learning about marriage and family therapist pathways in Rhode Island.

How can mental health integration elevate my SLP outcomes in Rhode Island?

Mental health and communication are often connected. Anxiety, depression, trauma, behavioral challenges, and adjustment to disability can all affect therapy participation and outcomes. SLPs should not diagnose or treat mental health conditions unless separately qualified, but they should know when to collaborate, refer, and adapt therapy plans.

Working with mental health professionals can support clients who need both communication intervention and emotional or behavioral care. Rhode Island SLPs who want to better understand this collaboration can review mental health counselor requirements in Rhode Island.

How can collaborating with school counselors enhance my SLP effectiveness in Rhode Island?

School counselors can help SLPs understand student stress, attendance concerns, peer conflict, family changes, academic planning, and social-emotional needs. Collaboration is especially useful when communication difficulties overlap with confidence, classroom participation, bullying, or transition planning.

An SLP may target pragmatic language, self-advocacy, or communication repair strategies, while a school counselor supports emotional regulation, peer relationships, or student coping skills. Shared planning can make goals more practical and reduce fragmented services. To understand the related profession, see Research.com’s guide on becoming a school counselor in Rhode Island.

What mistakes should aspiring SLPs avoid?

The most costly SLP career mistakes usually happen before licensure: choosing the wrong program, underestimating costs, assuming online programs automatically meet state requirements, or accepting a job without understanding workload. Use the checklist below before committing time and money.

What do speech language pathologists say about their careers in Rhode Island?

I see communication gains change daily life. When a child who has struggled to express needs finally uses words, signs, or a device to connect with others, the impact is immediate. Rhode Island’s smaller communities also make it possible to build strong relationships with families over time. Mary

Practicing here gives me a wide mix of clients and settings. My work can look very different from one week to the next, whether I am supporting a student in Providence or working with a family near the coast. The best part is collaborating with schools and local providers to solve practical problems. Sebastian

Rhode Island has given me room to grow across schools, clinics, and private practice. I value the chance to combine communication therapy with broader wellness and family support, while still building specialized clinical skills. Sophie

Key Insights

• A master’s degree in speech-language pathology from an accredited program is the core educational requirement for Rhode Island SLP licensure.
• Students should verify accreditation, clinical placement support, Praxis preparation, and Rhode Island licensure alignment before enrolling in any campus, online, hybrid, or accelerated program.
• The licensure route includes graduate education, supervised clinical experience, the Praxis exam, application documentation, a non-refundable application fee of $145, background checks, and biennial renewal with continuing education.
• Salary data cited for Rhode Island SLPs ranges from around $82,000 to $85,000 on average, with a median of approximately $80,000; compare those figures with the state’s approximately 20% higher cost of living.
• Schools, healthcare providers, rehabilitation centers, clinics, private practices, and early intervention programs all employ SLPs, but caseloads and expectations differ significantly.
• Specializations in autism, bilingual services, dysphagia, AAC, early intervention, telepractice, and school-based services can improve career flexibility.
• High caseloads, documentation demands, resource gaps, and cost-of-living pressure are real challenges; ask detailed workload and support questions before accepting a job.
• The best path is not always the fastest or highest-ranked program. The strongest choice is the program that is accredited, affordable, clinically solid, and aligned with your intended Rhode Island work setting.

References:

• ASHA. (n.d.). Rhode Island licensing requirements for audiologists and speech-language pathologists. asha.org.
• BLS. (2024). Speech-language pathologists. BLS.
• Data USA. (2022). Speech-language pathologists. datausa.io.
• Rhode Island Department of Health. (25 Oct 2024). Department of Health license information. health.ri.gov.
• Rhode Island Department of Health. (24 Oct 2024). Speech Language Pathology and Audiology application information. health.ri.gov.
• Invo Companies. (18 Sep 2024). How to navigate 6 common challenges for school-based speech-language pathologists. invocompanies.com.
• Rhode Island rules and regulations for licensing speech pathologists. (11 Jun 2003). risos-apa-production-public.s3.amazonaws.com.
• University of Rhode Island. (n.d.). Speech Language Pathology M.S. uri.edu.
• University of Rhode Island. (n.d.). M.S. in Speech-Language Pathology. web.uri.edu.
• Rhode Island General Assembly. (n.d.). Title 16 Education. webserver.rilin.state.ri.us.