2027 Information Technology Degree Licensure Outcomes Report: Pass Rates, Barriers, and Career Impact
Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist
Choosing an information technology degree is really a career-access decision: will the program qualify you for the jobs, exams, credentials, or licenses you may need? The U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reports a median annual wage of $105,990 for computer and IT occupations, which makes outcome quality especially important. This report explains when licensure applies, why pass rates are limited for IT, what barriers delay credentialing, and how licensing or certification can affect pay, mobility, and advancement.
Key Things You Should Know
- Most information technology careers do not require a state professional license; licensure usually applies only to adjacent roles such as professional engineering, public school technology teaching, low-voltage contracting, or regulated security work.
- There is no single national "IT licensure exam pass rate," so students should distinguish certification pass outcomes, engineering licensure exam outcomes, and school-reported job-placement outcomes before comparing programs.
- Licensure barriers most often involve eligibility mismatches, missing accreditation, state-specific rules, exam retakes, application fees, and delays proving supervised experience; these can affect job access more than the degree title alone.
- Is Professional Licensure Required for Information Technology Degree Careers?
- How Do Information Technology Degree Graduates Qualify for Professional Licensure?
Is Professional Licensure Required for Information Technology Degree Careers?
An information technology degree usually prepares graduates for roles in systems administration, cloud support, cybersecurity operations, networking, database support, software support, IT project coordination, and technical management. In these careers, employers typically look for a degree, experience, skills, and industry certifications rather than a state-issued professional license.
The important distinction is that licensure is a legal permission granted by a state or government board, while certification is a credential awarded by an industry organization or technology vendor. A license can determine whether someone may legally practice a regulated occupation. A certification usually signals skill, but it does not normally create legal authority to work.
Information technology differs from fields such as counseling, nursing, teaching, and engineering, where state licensure is often built into the career path. For example, students researching affordable online MFT programs must usually examine board-approved clinical hours and licensing exam preparation, while most IT students focus on accreditation, labs, internships, certifications, portfolios, and employer demand.
The table below clarifies where licensure is likely, where it is optional, and where certification is usually the more relevant credential. This matters because a program with strong technical outcomes may still be the wrong choice if your target job sits inside a regulated pathway.
| Career direction | Is state licensure commonly required? | Credential that usually matters most | What students should verify |
| Network administrator or systems administrator | No | Degree, experience, vendor certifications, labs | Hands-on infrastructure, cloud, and security coursework |
| Cybersecurity analyst | No for most private-sector roles | Security certifications, experience, clearance eligibility for some roles | Cybersecurity labs, incident response practice, internship access |
| Computer engineer offering regulated engineering services | Sometimes | Professional Engineer license, depending on work and state | ABET engineering accreditation and state board eligibility |
| K-12 technology teacher | Yes, if teaching in public schools | State educator license or endorsement | Teacher-preparation approval and student-teaching requirements |
| Low-voltage, alarm, or security systems contractor | Sometimes | State or local contractor license | Trade-specific rules, experience requirements, and local permits |
Students should avoid assuming that "IT degree" and "licensed IT professional" mean the same thing. For most IT careers, the better question is whether the degree produces employable skills, recognized certifications, work experience, and eligibility for any special credential required by the student's target role.
How Do Information Technology Degree Graduates Qualify for Professional Licensure?
Graduates qualify for professional licensure only when their intended occupation is regulated and their education satisfies the relevant state board or agency. For a typical IT role, there may be no licensure step at all. For engineering-adjacent, teaching, or contractor-related roles, the licensure pathway can require specific coursework, approved accreditation, exams, supervised experience, and a state application.
A practical way to evaluate eligibility is to start with the career title rather than the degree title. The pathway below helps students confirm whether an IT program supports a licensed occupation or only prepares for non-licensed technical employment.
- Identify the exact job title you want, such as cybersecurity analyst, computer engineer, technology teacher, or network contractor.
- Check whether the job is regulated by a state licensing board, education agency, engineering board, or local contractor authority.
- Confirm whether the degree must hold a specific accreditation, such as ABET for engineering pathways or state approval for teacher preparation.
- Ask the school whether graduates are eligible for the relevant exam in your state and whether eligibility differs for online, out-of-state, or transfer students.
- Request outcome data that separates graduation rates, exam eligibility, first-time pass rates, repeat-attempt pass rates, and job placement.
Students considering long-term research, executive leadership, or academic technology roles should also understand that doctoral programs do not usually create professional licensure by themselves. Even accelerated options such as 1 year PhD programs online should be evaluated separately from any state licensing requirement tied to teaching, engineering, or regulated practice.
Transfer students need extra caution. A course may transfer toward graduation but fail to satisfy a licensing board's content rule, lab requirement, supervised fieldwork requirement, or residency requirement. Before enrolling, ask for written confirmation from the school's licensure officer, registrar, or program chair rather than relying only on a general admissions statement.
Licensure exam pass rates are one of the clearest indicators of whether a program prepares graduates for regulated practice, but IT is unusual because most IT jobs are not tied to a single licensing exam. This means readers should not expect a national "information technology licensure pass rate" similar to nursing NCLEX or teacher licensure exam reports.
When pass-rate data exists, it usually belongs to an adjacent pathway, such as engineering licensure, educator licensure, or trade licensing. For engineering-related pathways, NCEES reports exam results by exam and examinee type, while schools or state boards may report program-level outcomes. For IT certifications, vendors may not publish school-by-school pass rates, so programs may provide internal certification-attempt outcomes instead.
The table below shows how to interpret the most common outcome measures. The key is to avoid comparing numbers that use different definitions.
| Outcome measure | What it tells you | Common limitation | How to use it |
| First-time pass rate | How well prepared candidates were on their first attempt | May exclude repeaters or students who never sat for the exam | Best indicator of program readiness when cohort size is disclosed |
| Overall pass rate | How many candidates eventually passed during the reporting window | Can look stronger if retakes are included without explanation | Useful for understanding persistence but not initial preparation |
| Exam eligibility rate | How many graduates met the requirements to sit for the exam | May not show whether eligible graduates actually tested | Important for detecting accreditation or state-approval problems |
| Certification completion rate | How many students completed an industry certification | May reflect optional testing or employer-paid exams after graduation | Helpful for non-licensed IT roles, but not equivalent to licensure |
| Job placement rate | How many graduates entered employment or related roles | Definitions vary by school and may include any employment | Use only with clear job-title, timing, and response-rate details |
A common mistake is comparing a school's first-time exam pass rate with another school's overall pass rate. Another red flag is a pass-rate claim that omits the year, number of test-takers, whether the data includes repeat attempts, or whether non-testers are excluded. A small cohort can also make results volatile, so a program with five test-takers should not be treated the same as a program with several dozen.
For most IT students, the better outcome question is broader: did graduates complete the degree, earn relevant certifications, gain practical experience, and move into roles related to the program? Licensure pass rates matter greatly for regulated paths, but certification, internship, project, and placement outcomes often matter more for mainstream IT careers.
The most common barriers to IT-related licensure are not always academic ability. Many delays happen because students misunderstand the difference between a degree, a certification, and a license, or because they discover state-specific requirements after graduation.
The table below identifies common barriers, their likely impact, and the warning signs students should investigate before committing to a program.
| Barrier | How it affects students | Red flag before enrollment |
| No actual license exists for the target IT job | Students may spend time searching for a credential employers do not require | The school uses "licensed" language but refers only to certifications |
| Wrong accreditation for the target pathway | Graduates may be ineligible for engineering, teaching, or board-regulated exams | Licensure disclosure is vague or unavailable for your state |
| Out-of-state online eligibility gaps | Students may meet degree requirements but not state licensure rules | The program says requirements "may vary" but offers no written guidance |
| Exam failure and retesting | Retakes add cost, time, and stress before credential completion | The school reports only overall pass rates, not first-time results |
| Missing supervised or field experience | Graduates may need additional work hours before licensure | No clear placement process or approved supervisor network exists |
| Background checks or clearance issues | Some education, government, defense, or security roles may be delayed | The program does not explain background-screening requirements early |
Students can reduce these risks by documenting requirements before enrollment. The most useful evidence is a written licensure disclosure, a state board page, a program handbook, or an email from a designated licensure official. Verbal assurances from admissions staff are helpful for orientation, but they should not be the only basis for a licensing decision.
Another mistake is focusing only on pass rates while ignoring completion and attrition. A high first-time pass rate can still be misleading if many students never reach the exam stage. Ask how many students started the program, completed the degree, became exam-eligible, attempted the exam, passed on the first attempt, and gained related employment.
Preparation depends on whether the student is pursuing a state license, an industry certification, or both. The best strategy is to build a timeline early, because licensing boards and exam vendors may require applications, approvals, testing windows, identification checks, and retake waiting periods.
Students preparing for a licensing or certification exam should use a structured plan rather than waiting until the final term. The steps below help reduce retake risk and make remediation more manageable.
- Confirm the exact exam name, eligibility rules, registration process, testing format, retake policy, and identification requirements.
- Map each exam domain to completed courses, labs, projects, and study materials so gaps are visible before registration.
- Use practice exams diagnostically, focusing remediation on weak domains rather than repeatedly reviewing familiar material.
- Schedule the exam close enough to coursework that knowledge is fresh but far enough out to allow focused review.
- Budget for the possibility of a retake, including exam fees, travel, proctoring, study materials, and delayed employment start dates.
- After a failed attempt, use the score report to build a domain-specific remediation plan before paying for another exam.
For IT certifications, hands-on practice is often more valuable than passive review. A student preparing for networking, cloud, security, or systems exams should be able to configure tools, troubleshoot scenarios, document decisions, and explain trade-offs. Employers increasingly value proof of applied ability because AI tools can generate basic answers, but they cannot replace practical judgment in production environments.
Students should also ask schools how remediation works. Strong programs often provide faculty office hours, tutoring, lab access after course completion, certification boot camps, employer-led workshops, or alumni exam-prep communities. Weak programs may leave students to buy third-party materials after graduation without clear support.
State requirements matter most when the IT degree connects to a regulated occupation. A cybersecurity analyst working for a private employer may not need a state license, while a technology teacher, professional engineer, alarm-system contractor, or low-voltage installer may face state-specific rules.
Reciprocity means one state may recognize or streamline licensing for someone licensed in another state. It does not always mean automatic approval. Many boards still require applications, fees, background checks, jurisprudence exams, experience documentation, or state-specific coursework.
The table below explains how state differences can affect IT-related career plans. Use it to identify when you need written confirmation before enrolling in an online or out-of-state program.
| Scenario | State requirement risk | Decision point for students |
| Planning to work in general IT support, networking, cloud, or cybersecurity | Usually low licensure risk | Focus on skills, certifications, internships, and employer demand |
| Planning to become a public school technology teacher | High state-specific risk | Verify educator-preparation approval and endorsement requirements |
| Planning to offer engineering services to the public | High state board risk | Verify engineering accreditation, exams, and experience requirements |
| Planning to install alarm, surveillance, or low-voltage systems | Moderate to high local variation | Check state and municipal contractor rules before choosing coursework |
| Planning to move states after graduation | Depends on occupation | Ask whether the credential is portable and what additional steps apply |
Online students should pay particular attention to state authorization and professional licensure disclosures. A school may be allowed to enroll students from a state, but that does not automatically mean its program satisfies that state's licensing rules. These are separate questions, and both should be answered in writing.
If you are uncertain where you will live after graduation, choose a program with strong transparency, recognized accreditation, and broad employer acceptance. For regulated roles, contact the board in the state where you expect to work and ask whether the program satisfies educational eligibility requirements.
Licensure and credentialing costs vary because most IT careers use certifications rather than state licenses. The total cost can include degree tuition, technology fees, exam fees, study materials, background checks, state applications, travel, retakes, and time away from work.
For comparison, students often benchmark online graduate tuition across fields, including options such as the cheapest online master's in human resources, but IT students should also price lab access, certification vouchers, cloud subscriptions, and hardware needs. A low-tuition program may be less affordable if it excludes exam preparation or requires students to buy expensive tools separately.
The costs below are common examples students may encounter when pursuing IT-adjacent licensure or certification. Fees change, so confirm current amounts with the board, testing vendor, or school before budgeting.
- NCEES Fundamentals of Engineering exam: commonly listed at $225 before any state-specific charges.
- NCEES Principles and Practice of Engineering exam: commonly listed at $400 before any state-specific charges.
- CompTIA Security+ exam: commonly listed at $404, often used for cybersecurity job readiness rather than state licensure.
- Cisco CCNA exam: commonly listed at $300, often used for networking roles rather than state licensure.
- CISSP exam: commonly listed at $749, usually relevant to experienced cybersecurity professionals rather than entry-level licensure.
Time to credential also varies. Many IT graduates can work immediately in non-licensed roles while preparing for certifications. Engineering-related licensure can take several years because it may require an accredited degree, exams, and documented professional experience. Teacher licensure can also require approved fieldwork and state testing before full authorization.
The best ROI calculation includes both money and time. Students should estimate the cost of the degree, the cost of required or recommended credentials, the time until eligibility, the probability of retakes, and the value of entering the workforce sooner. A license or certification is worthwhile when it unlocks roles the student actually wants and when the cost fits the expected career benefit.
Licensure can affect pay and advancement when it controls access to a regulated role, but most IT earnings are driven by technical skill, experience, specialization, certifications, security clearance, leadership ability, and the employer's industry. The BLS median annual wage of $105,990 for computer and IT occupations shows the field's strong earning potential, but that figure covers many roles with different education and credential expectations.
For mainstream IT careers, becoming "licensed" is usually less relevant than becoming demonstrably job-ready. A cybersecurity graduate with practical labs, internship experience, and a respected certification may be more competitive than a graduate who completed only classroom theory. In cloud, networking, and systems roles, employers often evaluate whether candidates can solve real operational problems.
The table below compares how licensure, certification, and experience typically influence career outcomes. It can help students decide which credential investment is most likely to matter for their target role.
| Credential type | Career access impact | Pay impact | Best fit |
| State professional license | Essential when legally required for engineering, teaching, or contractor work | Can support advancement in regulated roles, but varies by occupation | Students entering legally regulated pathways |
| Industry certification | Often helps applicants pass resume screens and prove tool-specific skill | May support higher pay when paired with experience and in-demand skills | Cybersecurity, networking, cloud, help desk, systems administration |
| Degree only | Can satisfy education requirements and build foundational knowledge | Value depends on program quality, projects, experience, and local demand | Entry-level IT roles, career changers, transfer students |
| Experience and portfolio | Strong signal of practical ability, especially for technical roles | Often central to promotion and specialization opportunities | Students targeting applied IT, security, cloud, and infrastructure roles |
Licensure should not be viewed as a guaranteed salary increase. It is most valuable when it is a gatekeeper credential for a specific job or when it supports mobility into supervisory, consulting, public-sector, or compliance-sensitive work. For many IT graduates, the stronger career strategy is to combine a solid degree with internships, projects, certifications, and continuous skill development.
AI and automation are also changing employer expectations. Routine troubleshooting and documentation tasks are increasingly supported by AI tools, which raises the value of judgment, security awareness, architecture thinking, communication, and incident response. Students should choose programs that teach both technical execution and decision-making, not just exam memorization.
Information technology graduates have many career options without a professional license. In fact, the majority of IT roles are non-licensed and rely on demonstrated competence, employer trust, certifications, and relevant experience.
The table below outlines common non-licensed options and the evidence employers may use to evaluate candidates. These roles can provide immediate employment while graduates continue building credentials.
| Career option | Typical responsibilities | Useful proof of readiness |
| Help desk or technical support specialist | Troubleshoot hardware, software, accounts, and user issues | Customer support experience, ticketing tools, entry-level certifications |
| Network support specialist | Maintain routers, switches, wireless systems, and connectivity | Networking labs, CCNA preparation, troubleshooting projects |
| Systems administrator | Manage servers, operating systems, user access, and backups | Linux or Windows administration labs, scripting, virtualization projects |
| Cybersecurity analyst | Monitor threats, investigate alerts, support incident response | Security labs, SIEM practice, Security+ preparation, internships |
| Cloud support associate | Support cloud infrastructure, storage, identity, and deployments | Cloud projects, vendor badges, infrastructure-as-code exposure |
| IT project coordinator | Coordinate technical tasks, timelines, vendors, and documentation | Project artifacts, communication samples, agile or service-management exposure |
Some students may also decide that a technology-adjacent creative path fits better than a regulated technical pathway. For example, someone interested in media systems, visual production, or digital content workflows might compare IT programs with an online digital photography degree if their goal is creative technology rather than infrastructure, security, or systems administration.
Students should avoid a license-focused path if their intended role does not require licensure and the extra cost would delay employment without adding meaningful value. A non-licensed IT career can still lead to advancement through specialization, leadership, security clearance, vendor credentials, graduate study, and strong work history.
The best next step is to match the degree to a job posting analysis. Review 10 to 20 postings for your target role and record the requested degree, certifications, tools, experience level, salary range, and work setting. If few postings mention licensure, prioritize skill-building and employer-recognized credentials instead.
Accreditation affects licensure outcomes because some boards use it as a shortcut for verifying program quality, curriculum depth, faculty qualifications, and required learning outcomes. In IT, institutional accreditation is important for financial aid, credit transfer, graduate admission, and employer trust. Specialized accreditation matters most when the program connects to engineering, cybersecurity standards, teacher preparation, or another regulated pathway.
The table below summarizes the quality signals that students should examine before using pass rates or licensure outcomes to compare IT programs. These signals do not guarantee success, but they help identify whether a program has the infrastructure to support credential preparation.
| Quality factor | Why it matters for licensure or credential outcomes | What to ask the school |
| Institutional accreditation | Supports financial aid eligibility, transferability, and general academic credibility | Is the institution accredited by an agency recognized by the U.S. Department of Education? |
| Specialized or programmatic accreditation | May be required or strongly preferred for engineering or educator licensure pathways | Does the accreditation match the exact career path I want? |
| State authorization for online learning | Affects whether out-of-state online students can enroll and receive required services | Does the program meet requirements for students in my state? |
| Certification-aligned curriculum | Helps students prepare for industry exams used in hiring | Which courses map to specific certifications, and are exam fees included? |
| Labs, projects, and internships | Builds evidence of applied skill, which is critical in non-licensed IT hiring | Are labs virtual, hands-on, cloud-based, employer-sponsored, or optional? |
Online programs can support strong licensure or certification outcomes when they provide supervised labs, proctored testing support, faculty access, career services, and state-specific disclosures. The risk is not the online format itself; the risk is enrolling in a program that cannot verify eligibility in your state or cannot provide the applied experience employers expect.
Before enrolling, ask whether the school publishes outcomes for students in your intended pathway. If a program says it prepares students for cybersecurity, networking, or cloud roles, request evidence such as certification participation, internship placement, capstone quality, employer partnerships, and graduate job titles rather than relying only on broad marketing language.
Other Things You Should Know About Information Technology
Usually, no. Most IT jobs do not require state licensure. Licensing may apply only if the graduate enters a regulated path such as professional engineering, public school teaching, low-voltage contracting, or certain security-system roles.
No. A certification is issued by an industry organization or vendor to show skill in an area such as cybersecurity, networking, or cloud computing. A license is issued by a government authority and may be legally required to practice a regulated occupation.
There is no single national IT licensure exam for most technology careers. Pass rates may exist for adjacent pathways such as engineering or teaching, while IT certification pass rates are often reported by vendors or schools in different formats.
Ask whether the program meets requirements for your state and target career, whether it has relevant accreditation, which certifications are built into coursework, what exam pass-rate data is available, and how graduates perform in internships, job placement, and credential completion.
- Level of Preparedness and Confidence of Graduating ... https://journal.ijprse.com/index.php/ijprse/article/download/624/593/1072
- Licensure Exam Pass Rates | Naropa University https://www.naropa.edu/student-right-to-know/licensure-exam-pass-rates/
- Institutional Research | Georgia College & State University https://irout.gcsu.edu/iestuach/SACS-1001.7b.html
- The Impact of Certifications on Salaries in Tech https://coderslink.com/employers/blog/the-impact-of-certifications-on-salaries-in-tech-insights-from-2024
- How Occupational Licensing Requirements Affect Access to Middle-Skills Pathways - R Street Institute https://www.rstreet.org/
- Interstate Licensure Portability: Logistics and Barriers for Professional Counselors - The Professional Counselor https://tpcjournal.nbcc.org/interstate-licensure-portability-logistics-and-barriers-for-professional-counselors/
- Program Effectiveness Data - JRCERT https://www.jrcert.org/program-effectiveness-data/
- The Impact of Certifications on Earnings across States and Occupations – LMI Institute https://www.lmiontheweb.org/the-impact-of-certifications-on-earnings-across-states-and-occupations/
- Impact of Professional Certifications on Career Growth? https://careerxperts.com/what-impact-can-professional-certifications-have-on-your-career-growth/
- First-Time Pass Rates on Teacher Licensure Exams Were Secret Until Now. See the Data https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/first-time-pass-rates-on-teacher-licensure-exams-were-secret-until-now-see-the-data/2021/07
