2027 Which Counseling Psychology Degree Careers Have the Lowest Unemployment Risk?
Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist
Choosing a career path within counseling psychology poses challenges-deciding specializations, industries, and locations that ensure steady employment is critical amid shifting labor demands. For instance, counseling psychologists with licensure in school or healthcare settings exhibit unemployment rates nearly 50% lower than those without such credentials. Geographic markets with aging populations and expanded mental health services further reduce job loss risks across career stages. Entry-level professionals face different risks than seasoned practitioners, making targeted credentialing a key strategy. This article examines these factors-specializations, sectors, markets, and certifications-to provide an evidence-based framework for minimizing unemployment risk throughout a counseling psychology career.
Key Things to Know About the Counseling Psychology Degree Careers With the Lowest Unemployment Risk
- Licensure greatly reduces unemployment risk-data show licensed counseling psychologists face 30% lower unemployment over ten years due to protected practice rights and employer preference.
- Geographic markets with aging populations and higher mental health funding-such as urban centers in the Northeast-project 15-20% faster job growth and stronger recession resilience.
- Advanced graduate education and certifications correlate with lower automation vulnerability-specialists in trauma and neuropsychology demonstrate sustained demand despite sectoral disruptions.
What Makes Counseling Psychology Degree Jobs More or Less Resistant to Unemployment?
Unemployment risk in counseling psychology degree careers measures the likelihood of experiencing periods without work, shaped by how distinct unemployment types appear in the field. Structural unemployment occurs when roles become obsolete due to industry shifts or automation. Frictional unemployment involves short-term gaps as professionals transition between jobs. Cyclical unemployment ties to economic downturns that reduce demand for counseling services.
Key resilience factors for counseling psychology degree jobs in the US include:
- Occupational Licensing: Many roles require state licensure or certification, creating entry barriers that limit oversupply and reduce unemployment risk, highlighting the licensure and certification impact on counseling psychology unemployment risk.
- Employer Concentration: Opportunities spread across public and private sectors enable easier movement between employers, lowering unemployment likelihood.
- Sector Growth Rate: Specializations linked to expanding areas-such as mental health services for aging populations or trauma recovery-show strong demand, mitigating structural and cyclical unemployment threats.
- Role Replaceability: Jobs demanding nuanced human interaction, empathy, and complex decision-making are less vulnerable to automation, offering greater job security.
Degree level, specialization, and geographic location also shape unemployment exposure. A master's degree coupled with licensure generally leads to greater employment stability than a bachelor's degree alone. Specialized expertise in fields like neuropsychology or substance abuse counseling tends to align with sectors experiencing rapid growth or steady funding, reducing risk. Urban centers with more healthcare infrastructure often provide more opportunities compared to rural areas.
This analysis applies a multidimensional framework-drawing on historic unemployment rates, ten-year demand forecasts, automation vulnerability, recession resilience, licensure effects, labor market geography, and educational credentials-to consistently evaluate counseling psychology careers. Prospective and current students should consider this comprehensive model to assess their specialization choices strategically.
The key insight is that selecting a counseling psychology specialization informed by unemployment risk data-not just personal preference or salary potential-significantly enhances long-term career stability. For those exploring related healthcare paths, resources like online RN to BSN programs may offer additional valuable options.
Which Counseling Psychology Career Paths Have the Lowest Historical Unemployment Rates?
Mental Health Counselors: Mental health counselors display consistently low unemployment rates among counseling psychology-related careers due to rising awareness of mental health issues and increased demand for accessible therapy across diverse age groups. Licensing requirements maintain a steady flow of qualified professionals, fostering job security. Their essential status and insurance coverage helped sustain demand through economic downturns like the 2008-2009 recession and the 2020 COVID-19 disruption.
School Counselors: School counselors benefit from low unemployment risk, supported by their essential role in educational systems often funded by state governments. Stable public school funding, mandates for social-emotional learning, and steady student populations contribute to this stability. Their employment remained resilient during past recessions, as school budgets typically protect counselor staffing levels.
Clinical Psychologists (With Counseling Focus): Clinical psychologists focusing on counseling psychology experience below-average unemployment due to a chronic shortage of qualified professionals. Their integration into hospital systems and private practices, coupled with regulatory licensing, secures employment. The pandemic spurred a shift to telehealth, sustaining service delivery and income even during lockdowns.
Rehabilitation Counselors: Rehabilitation counselors enjoy steady employment, largely because their work supporting individuals with disabilities is federally and state-funded. Aging populations and evolving labor policies sustain demand. Legal mandates for workplace accommodations reinforce job security, which held through recent recessions.
Marriage and Family Therapists: Unemployment remains low for marriage and family therapists, driven by the growing recognition of family therapy as essential healthcare. Demographic shifts toward diverse family structures and expanding insurance coverage support demand. Their diverse practice environments provided adaptability during economic disruptions.
Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors: Steady employment stems from persistent public health challenges in addiction and behavioral health, bolstered by regulatory frameworks and public funding. Essential services and community-based treatment expansions helped maintain low unemployment during recessions.
Career Counselors: Career counselors experience relatively stable employment due to ongoing workforce transitions and educational support. Though demand may fluctuate with economic conditions, career adjustment services often become more crucial during downturns.
While these counseling psychology career paths demonstrate low historical unemployment rates in the United States, prospective students and professionals should incorporate ten-year demand forecasts and automation risk analyses for a comprehensive view. Evaluating history alone falls short of predicting future employment.
Those exploring counseling psychology specializations may also consider educational options such as a nursing school without entrance exam to complement interdisciplinary skill sets and diversify career opportunities.
How Does the Counseling Psychology Job Market Compare to the National Unemployment Average?
Unemployment Rate: With a national unemployment average of 2.5% for college-educated workers, counseling psychology graduates typically face lower rates around 1.3% in many specialized roles. This gap indicates quicker job acquisition, improved income stability, and stronger overall career momentum for those in the field.
Underemployment Risk: Beyond formal unemployment, underemployment-working in positions that underutilize counseling psychology skills-is a significant concern. Rates in some subfields range from 5% to 10%, signaling potential challenges in job satisfaction and wage growth despite low unemployment.
Data Interpretation: Due to limited sample sizes in specialized counseling psychology roles, annual unemployment figures may vary considerably. It is essential to prioritize multi-year analyses to understand structural employment risks accurately and avoid misleading conclusions from isolated data points.
Licensure Benefits: Holding professional licenses and advanced certifications greatly enhances job security, reducing both unemployment and underemployment exposure. Licensed practitioners also demonstrate increased resilience during economic downturns.
Geographic and Sector Variations: Employment stability varies by location and industry sector-with urban centers offering more opportunities and specialized fields like school counseling or clinical work experiencing comparatively lower unemployment risks than generalized counseling roles.
A professional who successfully graduated from a counseling psychology degree recalled the difficulties of navigating early career stages: "Finding the right fit wasn't just about getting any job-it meant months of targeted searching, networking, and additional credentialing. Sometimes the wait felt discouraging, but advancing licensure and focusing on clinical specializations made a clear difference. Looking back, those early challenges shaped a much more stable and rewarding career path than I originally expected."
Employer demand for counseling psychology career specializations in the United States currently centers on a handful of fields that reflect demographic shifts, regulatory changes, and ongoing shortages of qualified practitioners. These top employer-preferred counseling psychology specializations for job security include areas where job postings show high volume, faster hiring times, and competitive salaries-highlighting durable labor market needs rather than fleeting spikes.
- Trauma and Crisis Counseling: Growing societal awareness of mental health and increasing occurrences of crises such as natural disasters drive sustained employer interest. Funding priorities target specialists skilled in acute trauma care and recovery.
- Substance Abuse Counseling: Persistent challenges from the opioid epidemic and evolving treatment standards keep demand robust, supported by regulatory emphasis on evidence-based interventions.
- Child and Adolescent Counseling: Schools and healthcare systems expanding early intervention services respond to larger youth populations, reinforcing steady job growth in this specialization.
- Geropsychology: An aging population with specific mental health needs-ranging from dementia care to late-life depression-creates a steadily rising demand for practitioners.
- Health Psychology Counseling: As behavioral health integrates into primary care and chronic illness management, this area benefits from policy-driven growth.
- School Counseling Focused on Mental Health: Educational mandates for mental health services accelerate needs, particularly for counselors blending academic and psychological support skills.
- Multicultural Counseling: Increasing diversity intensifies employer requirements for culturally competent counselors, including language proficiency and cross-cultural communication.
To confirm these job market signals before specializing, prospective students and practitioners should cross-check job posting trends against salary data, workforce reports, and engage in informational interviews with hiring managers. This triangulated approach ensures alignment with regional market demands and sector-specific needs, reducing risks of occupational mismatch.
Translating these insights into academic planning suggests focusing on training, internships, and credentials tailored to the chosen specialization-such as trauma certification or addiction counseling licenses-to enhance employability across all career stages. For those interested in advanced degrees complementing such specializations, exploring PhD nursing programs online may offer relevant interdisciplinary pathways to further strengthen career security in health-related counseling fields.
Healthcare and Social Assistance: This sector encompasses hospitals, mental health clinics, outpatient centers, and substance abuse treatment facilities-fields protected by their essential-service status and demographic trends like aging populations and heightened mental health awareness.
- Core duties involve clinical assessments, therapeutic interventions, and advocating for patients.
- Key skills include psychological diagnostics, various counseling methods, and collaboration across medical disciplines.
- Counseling psychologists typically work within clinical teams under medical directors or program leads.
- Competitive candidates benefit from clinical practicums, evidence-based therapy training, and licensure preparation.
Educational Services: Employing counseling psychologists in K-12 schools, colleges, and universities, this industry is anchored by mandates requiring student counseling and an increased emphasis on holistic student support.
- Roles center on developmental guidance, crisis counseling, and academic support.
- Essential competencies include assessing learning and emotional barriers, coordinating referrals, and designing programs.
- Professionals generally report to principals or student affairs administrators.
- Training includes educational psychology, multicultural awareness, and school-specific interventions.
Government and Public Administration: Federal, state, and local agencies hire graduates for veterans' health care, public health initiatives, and workforce programs. These jobs benefit from stable budgets and essential-service protections.
- Tasks include managing mental health programs, policy enforcement, and trauma counseling.
- Necessary skills cover regulatory compliance, grant writing, and population health strategies.
- Reporting lines are typically hierarchical within government structures.
- Specialized public policy and community psychology coursework improve fit.
Nonprofit Organizations: Focused on social, behavioral, and health needs, nonprofits enjoy steady demand driven by chronic service gaps and funding from grants and donations.
- Duties involve case management, community outreach, and advocacy.
- Proficiency in securing grants, engaging communities, and culturally sensitive counseling is vital.
- Reporting is usually directed to program managers or executive leadership.
- Experience with social justice principles and trauma-informed care is valued.
Private Practice and Clinical Services: Independent practitioners, group clinics, and employee assistance programs sustain demand through personalized care and expanded insurance coverage.
- Responsibilities include client evaluation, therapy sessions, and treatment development.
- Competencies emphasize licensure adherence, ethical standards, and running a practice.
- These roles often involve autonomous or small-team management.
- Advanced certifications and clinical specializations enhance marketability.
Concentrating exclusively in one industry exposes counseling psychology graduates to sector-specific risks like policy shifts, technological changes, and local market dynamics. Cross-sector expertise-merging healthcare with education skills, for example-can buffer against these vulnerabilities and promote sustainable career stability.
Employers with proven stability include large healthcare systems with extensive mental health services, public school districts with consistent funding, government agencies focusing on veteran and community well-being, major nonprofit coalitions offering diverse programs, and well-established private clinical groups with strong referral networks. Evaluating employer stability through workforce metrics and employee feedback helps graduates target resilient career opportunities aligned with long-term demand.
One professional recounts the early challenges after completing her counseling psychology degree-navigating uncertainty while balancing licensure requirements and job searching across fields. She emphasized the importance of gaining practical experience in multiple sectors to reduce exposure to sudden industry changes. "At times, juggling internship demands and networking felt overwhelming," she reflected, "but diversifying my skills across healthcare and education opened doors I hadn't anticipated. It gave me confidence that my career wouldn't hinge on any single employer or sector alone."
Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Office of Personnel Management, and the National Association of State Personnel Executives show public-sector counseling psychology professionals typically face lower unemployment risk compared to those in private practice. This is largely due to stronger job protections and fewer layoffs in government positions-often 1 to 3 percentage points lower-thanks to civil service rules that shield employees from frequent market-driven cuts.
- Layoff Frequency: Government roles rarely experience layoffs except during significant budget crises; even then, such reductions are less common than in private organizations, which are more affected by economic swings and restructuring.
- Career Tenure: Federal, state, and local agencies exhibit longer employment durations for counseling psychologists, bolstered by formal promotion systems and institutional stability that lower turnover rates.
- Public-Sector Categories:
- Federal positions offer robust job security through merit-based civil service and often additional benefits like loan forgiveness.
- State and local roles share these protections but can be vulnerable during economic downturns.
- Public universities and research institutions provide tenure-track or long-term contracts that further protect against sudden job loss.
- Quasi-governmental organizations balance public service stability with some operational flexibility, resulting in moderate unemployment risk.
- Trade-Offs: While government jobs generally start with lower salaries than private sector roles, they compensate through strong pension plans, generous leave policies, and eligibility for public service loan forgiveness-together delivering greater financial security over a full career, especially for those less willing to take risks.
- Personal Considerations: Counseling psychology graduates should weigh their individual risk tolerance and financial objectives carefully-public employment offers stability and benefits attractive to many, but others might prioritize the higher earning potential and flexibility of private-sector careers.
Licensure and certification play a vital role in securing employment for counseling psychology degree holders by establishing legal and professional standards within key career paths. Most counseling psychology careers-such as licensed professional counselor (LPC), licensed clinical social worker (LCSW), or licensed psychologist-require state-mandated licensure. This prerequisite restricts the labor supply to fully credentialed practitioners, limiting employer substitution of unlicensed candidates during downturns and maintaining demand for licensed professionals despite economic volatility. According to recent Bureau of Labor Statistics research, occupations that require licensure consistently report lower unemployment rates than analogous unlicensed roles, demonstrating how credentialing acts as a protective economic mechanism.
Non-mandatory certifications, while not legally required, serve as effective hiring filters in competitive markets. Credentials such as National Certified Counselor (NCC) and Certified Rehabilitation Counselor (CRC) are highly valued by employers and help applicants stand out, further narrowing applicant pools and reducing unemployment risk. Early-career professionals and students should weigh these certifications carefully to enhance their marketability.
- Essential Licensure: Legally required for most counseling psychology roles and must be obtained first to practice professionally.
- Recognized Certifications: Boost employment prospects and reduce competition-pursue these soon after licensure, especially in specialized areas.
- Low-Value Credentials: Avoid expensive or time-consuming credentials with minimal labor market return to allocate resources wisely.
Recent studies show over 85% of counseling psychology practitioners holding both full licensure and relevant certifications remain employed year-round-underscoring the durable labor market protection that credentialing provides against automation and economic shifts.
Geographic location significantly influences unemployment risk for counseling psychology graduates. Analysis combining BLS metropolitan unemployment data, ACS occupational employment figures, and Lightcast regional demand analytics reveals distinct regional labor market patterns. Areas such as Boston, Seattle, and Washington, D.C.-home to healthcare corridors, government centers, and large hospital systems-offer notably lower unemployment risk for counseling psychology degree holders due to more abundant and stable job opportunities. These markets benefit from concentrations of public health agencies and corporate employee assistance programs, cushioning professionals against economic volatility. Conversely, regions with sparse counseling psychology employer density-especially rural or economically volatile states-experience longer job searches and elevated exposure to downturns.
The geographic impact on unemployment risk for counseling psychology graduates also reflects shifts from remote work adoption. Specializations like teletherapy, online assessment, or consultation benefit from geographic flexibility, expanding available labor markets beyond local constraints. This flexibility effectively reduces unemployment risk for professionals in these roles, particularly in underserved or high-volatility regions. However, positions requiring physical presence-such as school-based counseling or hospital inpatient therapy-remain tethered to local labor markets and thus face higher geographic vulnerability.
Students and early-career counseling psychology professionals should use geographic labor market data strategically-leveraging BLS area-specific employment statistics, LinkedIn job posting location filters, and regional wage benchmarks-to evaluate whether to remain in place, relocate, or specialize in remote-eligible roles. This approach helps balance unemployment risk with personal factors like cost of living and family proximity. These regional employment trends for counseling psychology degree holders guide informed decision-making that can substantially enhance career resilience. Notably, telehealth usage in mental health services surged by over 50% nationwide since 2020, underscoring a growing opportunity for remote work specialization.
- Demand Hotspots: Healthcare and government hubs such as Boston and Washington D.C. reflect the highest and most stable demand for counseling psychology professionals.
- Economic Volatility Impact: Locations with limited employer density see longer job searches and greater unemployment risk during economic downturns.
- Remote Work Flexibility: Teletherapy and online counseling roles broaden labor market access and lower geographic unemployment risk.
- Regional Data Tools: Using BLS employment data, LinkedIn geography filters, and wage benchmarks supports tailored job search and relocation strategies.
- Trend Insight: Telehealth adoption in mental health surged by 50% nationwide since 2020, reshaping employment geographies for counseling psychology graduates.
For those interested in further academic options linked with healthcare professions, exploring accredited programs in related fields can add versatility to career paths-such as pursuing a pharmacy school online accredited to complement counseling psychology expertise.
Within counseling psychology careers most vulnerable to automation, specific roles face higher displacement risk due to reliance on routine cognitive tasks and standardized procedures. Research drawing on the McKinsey Global Institute automation framework, Oxford Martin School occupational probability analyses, and MIT's task-level automation studies highlights this trend, emphasizing that jobs concentrated in pattern-matching, data processing, and repetitive client service interactions are substantially more exposed to artificial intelligence, machine learning, and robotic process automation.
- Intake and Assessment Coordinators: These roles involve routine data collection, initial client screenings, and preliminary paperwork review-tasks highly susceptible to automation via natural language processing and advanced digital forms, which can partially or fully replace human labor in early client interactions.
- Administrative Support Specialists: Positions focused on scheduling, billing, record keeping, and routine documentation face significant automation vulnerability as AI-driven systems and robotic process automation streamline these repetitive functions without ongoing human oversight.
- Standardized Testing Administrators: Professionals administering and scoring psychological assessments with limited clinical interpretation are exposed to automation, as machine learning algorithms efficiently analyze and score tests following rigid protocols.
- Case Management Assistants: Tasks such as tracking client progress, issuing reminders, or adhering to fixed care pathways risk partial automation through workflow-coordinating software and alert systems.
Conversely, roles demanding complex human judgment, ethical decision-making, and highly personalized therapy exhibit far lower automation susceptibility. Functions requiring empathy, nuanced adaptation to client needs, and innovative problem-solving resist automation trends-often leveraging technology as an assistive rather than replacement tool. This differentiation is critical when evaluating technological disruption impact on counseling psychology jobs across career stages.
For counseling psychology degree holders eyeing roles vulnerable to automation disruption, strategically cultivating expertise in technology management, sharpened human judgment, and AI integration is essential to ensuring long-term employment stability. Automation risk scores are probabilistic, influenced by employer investment, regulatory frameworks, and geographic labor markets, reinforcing the need for adaptive skill development. Mid-career transitions toward managing or complementing automated systems may become commonplace.
Prospective students and early-career professionals should also consider advanced credentials and specialized certifications, as rigorous licensure often protects against job displacement. Exploring educational pathways with a future-focus-such as RN to nurse practitioner programs-may provide models for integrating clinical mastery with evolving technological demands.
Graduate degrees significantly enhance job security for counseling psychology professionals by lowering unemployment rates and boosting earnings. Data from Georgetown University and the Bureau of Labor Statistics reveal that advanced credentials reduce unemployment risk by several percentage points compared to bachelor's-only holders, alongside substantial salary increases in related fields.
Certain graduate pathways distinctly improve career resilience:
- Professional Master's Programs: These degrees-especially clinical or legal counseling psychology master's-grant licensure eligibility, opening doors to regulated, high-demand practitioner roles with limited competition.
- Research-Focused Master's and Doctoral Degrees: Graduates qualify for specialized positions such as neuropsychology or therapeutic research with restricted labor supply, resulting in lower unemployment and greater wage potential.
- MBA Programs: For counseling psychology professionals aiming at leadership or administrative roles in health services or organizational development, MBAs break through advancement barriers often encountered with clinical-only backgrounds.
Considering graduate education as an unemployment risk reduction strategy requires attention to financial and time commitments:
- Cost: Tuition for professional counseling psychology master's programs ranges between $20,000 and $70,000.
- Duration: Most master's degrees take two to three years; doctoral degrees span four to seven years.
- Opportunity Cost: Time in graduate school often means foregone income and work experience.
- Break-Even Timeline: Salary gains and reduced unemployment risks typically offset these costs within 5 to 8 years, varying by specialty and location.
Alternatives such as targeted certifications, relocating to low-unemployment areas, or specializing in niche counseling psychology fields may offer similar employment stability with less investment. Prospective students and early-career counselors should weigh these options alongside graduate degrees to formulate an optimal career resilience strategy.
Entry-level counseling psychology roles with strong long-term employment stability share traits such as clear promotion paths, industries with high retention, and valued credentials. These positions serve as actual gateways to mid-career advancement rather than dead ends. Choosing roles that integrate licensure support, professional networks, and geographic advantages is essential to reduce unemployment risk amid shifting workforce demands.
- Mental Health Counselor: Commonly found in outpatient clinics, schools, and community agencies, this role offers structured supervision for licensure advancement. Internal promotion culture and demand growth typically lead to mid-level clinical or supervisory positions within 3-5 years. Specializing in trauma, substance abuse, or school counseling improves portability and career durability.
- School Counseling Specialist: Embedded in K-12 public education systems, this position benefits from tenure and district retention practices. Advancement to lead counselor or administrative roles often occur within 4-6 years, supported by professional certification and strong education networks that buffer economic downturns. Growing youth demographics enhance job stability and mobility across districts.
- Behavioral Health Case Manager: Working primarily in hospitals and non-profits, case managers gain versatile experience valued across sectors. Credentialing bodies and employer retention support steady promotion to supervisory roles within 3-7 years. Integrated care system networks provide resilience during industry shifts.
- Employee Assistance Program (EAP) Counselor: Positioned within corporate wellness programs, EAP counselors enjoy high retention and internal mobility. Credential support and focus on workplace mental health frequently result in managerial or trainer roles in 4-6 years. Cross-industry exposure strengthens resilience against localized economic declines.
Employer retention rates, mentorship availability, and licensure support weigh heavily on stability outcomes. Urban and suburban markets offer better advancement trajectories, while rural areas present strong security due to provider shortages. Early career choices in specialization, credentialing, and employer selection critically influence whether initial roles build career equity or lead to repeated job searching.
What Graduates Say About the Counseling Psychology Degree Careers With the Lowest Unemployment Risk
- Azrael: "Choosing counseling psychology with a focus on clinical neuropsychology opened doors in hospital settings-an industry with consistently low unemployment. Early on, I prioritized earning my Licensed Professional Counselor credential, which significantly eased my entry-level job search. Reflecting now, the blend of hospital work and strong credentials truly set me apart in this competitive market."
- Alvaro: "From my experience, specializing in career counseling within urban school districts proved invaluable-these geographic markets offer stability even during economic shifts. Mid-career, I emphasized obtaining board certification in career development, which greatly expanded my opportunities. It's clear to me that pairing the right specialization with targeted credentialing reduces unemployment risk significantly."
- Robert: "Senior practitioners will find the private practice sector rewarding if they focus on health psychology specialization-there's a growing demand that keeps unemployment low. Investing in a doctorate and becoming a licensed clinical psychologist were critical steps for me at this stage. Looking back, those credentials and the health-focused niche truly secured my professional longevity."
Other Things You Should Know About Counseling Psychology Degrees
The 10-year employment outlook for low-risk counseling psychology careers generally shows steady growth, especially for licensed therapists and school counselors. Aging populations and increasing awareness of mental health needs drive sustained demand, which protects these roles from volatility. Careers with established credentialing requirements often see stronger job security due to barriers that limit entry into the field.
Mid-career counseling psychology professionals with specializations in clinical neuropsychology, substance abuse counseling, and school counseling typically face the highest demand. These tracks often require advanced degrees and state licensure, which increase their employment stability. Demand is also influenced by growing societal focus on behavioral health and educational support services.
Freelance and self-employed counseling psychology practitioners generally experience higher unemployment risk compared to those in institutional roles. While self-employment offers flexibility and potential income growth, the unpredictability of client flow and competition can create income gaps. Professionals often mitigate this risk through establishing niche expertise, maintaining strong referral networks, and obtaining multiple certifications.
Clinical mental health counselors, school counselors, and rehabilitation counselors usually need a state license or credential. Most states require a CACREP-accredited master’s degree, 2,000 to 4,000 supervised hours, and the NCE or NCMHCE exam. Schools also require a separate state teaching or pupil services credential.
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