2027 Best Online Human Services Doctorate Specializations for Career Growth

Imed Bouchrika, PhD

by Imed Bouchrika, PhD

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

Which Online Human Services Doctorate Specializations Offer the Highest ROI and Salary Potential?

The highest-ROI online Human Services doctorate specialization is the one that connects your existing experience to roles with budget authority, measurable outcomes, and cross-functional responsibility. A doctorate rarely creates executive value by itself; it becomes valuable when the specialization helps you lead systems, redesign services, evaluate programs, secure funding, or advise organizations.

Because Human Services is a broad field, salary data is best read through adjacent U.S. labor categories rather than as a promise for any single graduate. The table below compares common online doctoral specializations with relevant BLS 2024 salary and growth indicators, using national medians for related occupations as market context.

SpecializationBest-fit career directionRelevant BLS 2024 market signalROI interpretationWho should avoid it
Executive leadership and administrationAgency executive director, chief program officer, human services administratorSocial and community service managers had a median pay of $77,030 and projected growth of 8% from 2023 to 2033Strong ROI for professionals already supervising programs, grants, staff, or multi-site operationsStudents with no management exposure who are not seeking administrative responsibility
Healthcare and behavioral health administrationBehavioral health operations leader, integrated care administrator, population health program leaderMedical and health services managers had a median pay of $110,680 and projected growth of 29%Often one of the strongest ROI choices when paired with healthcare, social work, counseling, or public health experienceStudents who do not want compliance, payer, quality, or health-system work
Program evaluation and data-informed leadershipEvaluation director, outcomes consultant, quality improvement leader, grant impact analystManagement analysts had a median pay of $99,410 and projected growth of 11%High ROI for professionals who can translate service outcomes into funding, strategy, and measurable impactStudents who dislike statistics, dashboards, logic models, or performance measurement
Organizational leadership, workforce development, and change managementTraining executive, employee wellbeing strategist, organizational development consultantTraining and development managers had a median pay of $125,040 and projected growth of 7%Strong corporate-transition value because it bridges human services, leadership psychology, talent development, and change strategyStudents who want direct client practice more than enterprise-level workforce or culture work
Nonprofit leadership and social impactFoundation leader, nonprofit CEO, philanthropy strategist, community partnership directorTop executives had a median pay of $103,840, but compensation varies widely by organization size and funding baseGood ROI when the student already has fundraising, board relations, grant management, or policy partnershipsStudents expecting nonprofit compensation to match healthcare or corporate executive pay without a large-organization path
Policy, advocacy, and community systemsPolicy director, public affairs leader, coalition strategist, government relations specialistDemand depends heavily on state budgets, federal funding, and nonprofit advocacy cyclesBest ROI for professionals with government, legislative, child welfare, housing, disability, or justice-system experienceStudents seeking the broadest private-sector salary mobility
Research and higher educationFaculty member, research director, academic program chair, institutional researcherPostsecondary teachers had a median pay of $84,380 and projected growth of 8%Strong fit for academic identity, publishing, teaching, and grant work; ROI may be slower than executive tracksStudents whose main goal is corporate or agency advancement rather than scholarship

The practical trade-off is simple: high-salary tracks tend to reward business fluency, compliance knowledge, analytics, and operational leadership, while high-demand service tracks may offer broader mission alignment but more variable pay. If your goal is promotion within a nonprofit or public agency, executive leadership or program evaluation may outperform a very narrow population-specific track because it keeps your role options wider.

Use this quick decision filter before choosing a concentration:

  • Choose healthcare and behavioral health administration if you want to lead integrated care, mental health operations, quality improvement, or payer-funded service systems.
  • Choose program evaluation if you want consulting flexibility, grant competitiveness, analytics credibility, and measurable-impact leadership.
  • Choose executive leadership if you want CEO, COO, executive director, or senior administrator roles across nonprofits, agencies, and community organizations.
  • Choose policy and advocacy if your target roles sit in government affairs, public systems reform, or coalition leadership rather than internal operations.
  • Choose a research-heavy PhD track if your long-term goal is tenure-track teaching, funded research, or academic leadership.

What Are the Fastest-Growing Career Paths and Job Markets for Online Human Services Doctorate Graduates?

The fastest-growing markets for online Human Services doctorate graduates are not limited to traditional social service agencies. Growth is increasingly tied to healthcare integration, behavioral health access, aging services, workforce wellbeing, homelessness response, disability services, child and family systems, and evidence-based program funding.

A useful way to evaluate job-market strength is to look at whether the role sits near regulated funding, healthcare reimbursement, public accountability, or measurable outcomes. The table below summarizes where doctoral-level Human Services specialization can add market value.

Career pathWhy demand is risingDoctoral specialization that fits bestTypical doctoral-level responsibilities
Integrated behavioral health leadershipHealth systems and community agencies are expanding care coordination, crisis response, and mental health accessHealthcare and behavioral health administrationOversee service models, compliance, staffing, quality metrics, and partnership strategy
Program evaluation and outcomes leadershipFunders increasingly expect evidence of impact, equity, cost-effectiveness, and continuous improvementProgram evaluation and data-informed leadershipBuild evaluation frameworks, analyze outcomes, improve reporting, and guide resource allocation
Social services executive administrationAgencies need leaders who can manage complex programs, budgets, workforce shortages, and community partnershipsExecutive leadership and administrationLead departments, supervise senior staff, manage grants, and align operations with mission
Corporate social impact and employee wellbeingEmployers are investing in workforce mental health, community engagement, accessibility, and social responsibilityOrganizational leadership or social impact leadershipDesign wellbeing strategy, vendor partnerships, social impact programs, and internal support systems
Policy and systems reformPublic systems face pressure to improve outcomes in housing, child welfare, disability services, justice diversion, and agingPolicy, advocacy, and community systemsTranslate research into policy proposals, lead coalitions, and advise on system redesign

One major trend shaping these markets is AI-enabled service administration. Human services leaders are not being replaced by automation, but they are increasingly expected to understand data privacy, algorithmic bias, predictive risk tools, case-management systems, and ethical technology adoption. A doctorate specialization that includes evaluation, policy, governance, or technology-informed leadership can help executives speak credibly about these risks.

Before selecting a specialization, evaluate your target labor market rather than relying only on national averages. A high-growth national occupation may not translate into strong local opportunity if your region has fewer health systems, large nonprofits, government contractors, or foundation-funded initiatives.

  • Search current job postings for the exact titles you want and note which doctorates, licenses, certifications, and management skills appear repeatedly.
  • Compare nonprofit, healthcare, government, and corporate employers separately because they reward different doctoral specializations.
  • Look for roles that mention outcomes, compliance, strategic planning, behavioral health, population health, grant leadership, or organizational change.
  • Interview two or three executives in your target field and ask which specialization would make a candidate more credible at the senior level.

How Do Top Employers Actually View Online Human Services Doctorate Degrees vs. Traditional On-Campus Programs?

Top employers usually care less about whether a Human Services doctorate was completed online and more about whether the university is institutionally accredited, the program is rigorous, the specialization is relevant, and the student can demonstrate executive-level work. Online delivery is now common for working professionals, but it does not excuse weak mentorship, limited faculty engagement, or vague program outcomes.

For hiring and promotion decisions, employers tend to evaluate four signals: accreditation, reputation, applied evidence, and leadership relevance. A well-designed online doctorate can be viewed positively when it includes live seminars, residencies or intensives, faculty advising, applied research, peer collaboration, and a final project tied to a real organizational problem.

The table below shows how employers often compare online and on-campus doctoral formats in practice.

Employer concernWhat strengthens an online doctorateWhat weakens an online doctorate
Academic credibilityRegional or national institutional accreditation recognized by the U.S. Department of Education or CHEAUnaccredited schools, unclear institutional status, or misleading accreditation claims
Program relevanceSpecialization aligned with the employer's needs, such as behavioral health leadership, evaluation, or executive administrationA concentration that sounds impressive but does not match the role's responsibilities
Applied proofCapstone, dissertation, portfolio, publications, conference presentations, or measurable organizational projectNo tangible work product beyond completed coursework
Professional maturityStrong work history, leadership experience, references, and evidence of managing complex stakeholdersExpecting the doctorate alone to substitute for management experience
Network qualityFaculty mentorship, practitioner peers, alumni networks, and field-based collaborationSelf-paced isolation with little interaction or feedback

The biggest mistake is assuming "online" is the risk factor. The real risk is choosing a low-support program that leaves you with a credential but no stronger executive portfolio. If you are targeting senior leadership, ask admissions advisors how students work with faculty, how often cohorts meet synchronously, whether doctoral projects are employer-facing, and what alumni have done with the specialization.

When presenting an online doctorate to an employer, frame it around business value rather than convenience:

  • Explain the organizational problem your doctoral work will address, such as retention, service quality, compliance, community impact, or funding outcomes.
  • Show how the specialization fills a leadership gap in your department or agency.
  • Offer to share capstone findings, evaluation tools, or training materials with the organization.
  • Emphasize that online delivery allows you to continue working while applying doctoral learning immediately.

What Are the Core Admission Requirements and Prerequisites for Top Online Human Services Doctorate Programs?

Admission requirements vary by university, but strong online Human Services doctorate programs generally look for evidence that applicants can succeed in advanced coursework, conduct applied or scholarly inquiry, and connect doctoral learning to professional practice. Most programs are designed for experienced working adults, not entry-level students.

Applicants often come from social work, counseling, psychology, public administration, education, nonprofit management, sociology, criminal justice, public health, or related fields. If you are still building graduate-level preparation, comparing best online MSW programs can be a practical step before a doctorate, especially if your goals involve clinical systems, social service leadership, or human services administration.

The table below outlines common prerequisites and why they matter for doctoral specialization choice.

RequirementCommon expectationWhy it matters for specialization fit
Master's degreeUsually required in human services, social work, counseling, psychology, public administration, education, public health, or a related fieldPrograms want students who can connect doctoral study to advanced professional practice
Graduate GPAOften a minimum threshold set by the schoolSignals readiness for doctoral writing, research, and theory-heavy coursework
Professional experienceFrequently preferred or required, especially for applied doctoratesLeadership tracks are more valuable when students can apply learning to real organizations
Statement of purposeUsually requiredHelps faculty judge whether your goals match the specialization and available mentorship
Writing sample or scholarly paperCommon in research-oriented programsShows readiness for dissertation, literature review, and advanced analysis
RecommendationsOften requested from supervisors, faculty, or professional leadersSupports claims about leadership potential, ethics, and readiness for doctoral work
InterviewSometimes requiredAllows the program to assess fit, motivation, and doctoral project direction

Specialized accreditation is more complicated in Human Services than in fields such as nursing or counseling. Many Human Services doctorates do not have a single universal programmatic accreditor, so institutional accreditation is essential. If the program is tied to social work, counseling, public health, psychology, or healthcare administration, ask whether specialized accreditation or licensure-related recognition matters for your target role.

Before applying, prepare a short specialization-fit checklist:

  • Identify the exact titles you want after graduation and match them to the specialization's curriculum.
  • Confirm whether faculty have research, consulting, or executive experience in your target area.
  • Ask whether students may use their workplace as a capstone or dissertation site.
  • Verify institutional accreditation through official accreditor or federal databases rather than marketing language.
  • Ask whether the doctorate supports licensure, certification, promotion, or teaching goals, and get role-specific answers in writing when possible.

How Long Does It Really Take to Complete an Online Human Services Doctorate Specialization While Working?

Most working professionals should think of an online Human Services doctorate as a multi-year leadership investment rather than a quick credential. Timelines vary by credit load, transfer policy, dissertation or capstone structure, residency requirements, and how quickly the student completes the final project.

Students who already completed a relevant master's degree, built research skills, and chose a focused project usually move faster than students who enter with a broad topic or limited writing time. If you are earlier in the education pipeline and trying to shorten the path before graduate study, an accelerated human services degree online may help you complete undergraduate preparation more efficiently before later pursuing advanced credentials.

The table below summarizes realistic completion patterns for online doctoral students who are also employed.

Enrollment patternTypical fitCommon advantageMain risk
Full-time onlineStudents with flexible jobs, reduced work hours, or strong family supportFaster coursework progress and stronger immersionHigher weekly workload and greater burnout risk
Part-time onlineWorking managers, clinicians, agency leaders, and caregiversMore sustainable pacing while applying learning at workLonger time to completion and more exposure to life interruptions
Accelerated or cohort-basedStudents with clear goals, strong writing skills, and predictable schedulesStructured momentum and peer accountabilityLess flexibility if work demands spike
Research-intensive PhD trackStudents pursuing academic research, faculty roles, or grant-funded scholarshipDeeper methods training and scholarly preparationDissertation scope can extend the timeline if not tightly managed
Applied doctorate with capstoneStudents targeting executive, consulting, or organizational leadership rolesFinal project may align directly with workplace improvementRequires access to organizational data, stakeholders, and approvals

Working students should choose a specialization partly based on how easily the final project can be completed within their current professional environment. A behavioral health administrator may complete an applied project on care coordination or staff retention more efficiently than a broad theoretical dissertation unrelated to current work.

To keep the timeline realistic, take these steps before enrolling:

  1. Ask the program for the median time to completion for students in your intended specialization, not just the fastest advertised timeline.
  2. Request examples of recent dissertations or capstones so you can judge project scope.
  3. Confirm whether courses are asynchronous, synchronous, weekend-based, or residency-based.
  4. Estimate weekly study time during writing-intensive terms, not only during standard coursework.
  5. Choose a doctoral topic connected to data and stakeholders you can realistically access.

Do Online Human Services Doctorate Programs Require a Traditional Dissertation or an Applied Capstone Project?

Online Human Services doctorate programs may require either a traditional dissertation, an applied dissertation, or a capstone-style doctoral project. The right format depends on whether your career goal is academic scholarship, executive practice, consulting, policy influence, or organizational improvement.

A traditional dissertation usually asks the student to contribute original research to the field. An applied doctorate or professional doctorate usually asks the student to solve a real problem of practice using evidence, analysis, and implementation planning. Both can be rigorous, but they measure different kinds of doctoral readiness.

The table below compares the main final-project models and the career situations where each makes sense.

Final project modelPrimary purposeBest forCareer value
Traditional dissertationOriginal scholarly research grounded in theory and methodologyFuture faculty, researchers, policy scholars, and doctoral graduates seeking academic credibilitySupports publishing, teaching, research leadership, and possible tenure-track pathways
Applied dissertationResearch-based investigation of a real organizational or field problemAgency leaders, consultants, program directors, and policy practitionersCreates a research product that can support promotion, consulting, or systems improvement
Doctoral capstonePractice-focused project, intervention, evaluation, or implementation planWorking executives who want direct workplace relevanceCan produce a portfolio item with immediate employer or client value
Portfolio-based doctorateIntegrated evidence of advanced practice, scholarship, and leadership competenciesExperienced practitioners with multiple applied projectsDemonstrates breadth, but may be less familiar to some academic employers

The common mistake is choosing a dissertation format based only on perceived prestige. A traditional dissertation may be excellent for academic careers but unnecessarily indirect for someone trying to become a chief operating officer of a human services organization. Conversely, a capstone may be practical for executives but may not provide enough methodological depth for research faculty roles.

Ask these questions before committing to a program:

  • Can the final project be based on my workplace, or must it use external data?
  • Does the program require Institutional Review Board approval, and how long does that process usually take?
  • Will I have a chair or mentor with expertise in my specialization?
  • Are final projects archived or publicly available so I can review quality expectations?
  • Does the final project support my intended career path: promotion, consulting, teaching, policy, or research?

What Are the Best Funding Options, Scholarships, and Employer Reimbursements for an Online Human Services Doctorate?

Funding an online Human Services doctorate requires more planning than funding an undergraduate degree because doctoral aid is often less grant-heavy and more dependent on employer support, institutional scholarships, assistantships, payment plans, or federal loans. The strongest funding strategy combines cost control with career alignment.

For U.S. graduate and professional students, the federal Direct Unsubsidized Loan annual limit is $20,500. That figure matters because many doctoral students who borrow beyond that amount may need Graduate PLUS Loans or other financing, so program cost, completion speed, and employer reimbursement can materially change ROI.

Students comparing social-work-oriented leadership doctorates may also want to review affordable DSW programs, especially if their Human Services goals overlap with social work administration, clinical systems leadership, or community practice.

The table below summarizes common funding sources and how they fit working professionals.

Funding optionHow it usually worksBest fitKey caution
Employer tuition assistanceEmployer pays or reimburses part of tuition, often tied to grade or retention requirementsEmployees whose doctoral project can benefit the organizationConfirm annual caps, service commitments, and whether doctoral programs qualify
Tax-free employer education assistanceEmployers may provide up to $5,250 per year in tax-free education assistance under current IRS rulesWorking professionals at organizations with formal education benefitsBenefits depend on employer policy and may not cover fees or books
Institutional scholarshipsSchool-based awards based on merit, need, field, service, or enrollment statusStudents applying early and comparing multiple programsRenewal rules can affect total value
Assistantships or fellowshipsResearch, teaching, or administrative work may offset tuition or provide stipendsResearch-oriented or academic-track studentsLess common in fully online professional doctorates
Federal student loansLoans can cover eligible graduate costs subject to federal rulesStudents needing predictable financingInterest, origination fees, and repayment plans affect long-term ROI
Professional association awardsScholarships or small grants from associations, foundations, or field-specific groupsStudents in advocacy, behavioral health, social work, public administration, or nonprofit leadershipAwards may be competitive and smaller than tuition costs

To pitch employer support, do not simply say you want a doctorate. Present the specialization as a solution to a business or service problem.

  1. Identify one measurable challenge your organization faces, such as turnover, service access, compliance risk, grant reporting, or client outcomes.
  2. Connect that challenge to specific doctoral coursework and your final project.
  3. Offer a deliverable, such as an evaluation plan, training framework, quality dashboard, or implementation report.
  4. Estimate what the employer pays each year and what the organization receives in return.
  5. Clarify scheduling so your manager knows online study will not undermine work performance.

How Can Online Human Services Doctorate Students Maximize Industry Networking and Faculty Mentorship?

Networking and mentorship are not side benefits in an online Human Services doctorate; they are part of the ROI. Senior roles often come through reputation, referrals, board relationships, consulting credibility, and faculty introductions as much as through job applications.

The best online doctoral students are intentional about building a professional network from the first term. They do not wait until the dissertation or capstone phase to ask for mentorship, feedback, or field connections.

Use the following strategies to turn an online doctorate into a stronger leadership network:

  • Choose faculty whose research, consulting, or executive experience matches your target specialization.
  • Attend optional residencies, virtual colloquia, association meetings, and research presentations even when they are not required.
  • Build a peer group with students from different sectors, such as healthcare, government, nonprofit leadership, education, and corporate wellbeing.
  • Ask faculty for feedback on conference proposals, white papers, evaluation tools, and publishable practice briefs.
  • Use the doctoral project to involve stakeholders who may later become references, collaborators, board contacts, or consulting clients.
  • Maintain a simple portfolio with your literature reviews, presentations, evaluation models, capstone outputs, and leadership artifacts.

Mentorship quality is especially important when selecting a narrow specialization. A program may advertise a concentration in policy, trauma-informed systems, addiction services, or community leadership, but if no faculty member actively works in that area, students may struggle to get useful guidance.

Watch for these networking red flags:

  • No clear faculty directory showing research interests, publications, or professional practice areas.
  • No cohort interaction beyond discussion boards.
  • No structured dissertation or capstone chair-matching process.
  • No alumni examples connected to your intended career path.
  • No support for conference participation, publication, field partnerships, or applied dissemination.

Which Online Human Services Doctorate Specializations Are Best for Transitioning into Corporate Leadership Roles?

The best online Human Services doctorate specializations for corporate leadership are usually not the ones that sound most clinical or agency-specific. Corporate roles often reward systems thinking, workforce strategy, change management, learning design, risk awareness, social impact, and measurable employee or community outcomes.

BLS 2024 data shows training and development managers had a median pay of $125,040 in 2023. That does not mean a Human Services doctorate automatically leads to that salary, but it shows why workforce development, organizational leadership, and wellbeing strategy can be attractive tracks for professionals moving beyond traditional service agencies.

The table below maps Human Services doctoral specializations to corporate leadership pathways.

Corporate pathwayBest doctoral specializationWhy it translatesPossible roles
Workforce wellbeing and employee supportOrganizational leadership, behavioral health administration, or trauma-informed systemsEmployers need leaders who understand mental health, burnout, crisis response, and support-system designDirector of employee wellbeing, EAP strategy leader, workforce resilience consultant
Learning and developmentOrganizational leadership or adult learning-adjacent Human Services leadershipHuman services professionals often understand behavior change, coaching, supervision, and adult developmentTraining director, leadership development manager, organizational development consultant
Corporate social responsibility and community impactSocial impact, nonprofit leadership, policy, or community systemsCompanies need credible leaders for partnerships, philanthropy, volunteer strategy, and community investmentCSR director, foundation program leader, community impact strategist
Diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility strategyPolicy, community systems, disability services, organizational leadershipDoctoral study can strengthen evidence-based program design and ethical organizational changeAccessibility leader, inclusion strategist, culture and belonging consultant
People analytics and impact evaluationProgram evaluation and data-informed leadershipCorporate executives value leaders who can measure outcomes, cost, engagement, and program effectivenessPeople analytics consultant, wellbeing program evaluator, social impact measurement lead

A corporate transition is easier when your doctorate is paired with business fluency. Human Services professionals should be ready to discuss budgets, ROI, stakeholder management, technology platforms, compliance, vendor performance, and executive communication.

If you want to move into corporate leadership, prioritize these specialization features:

  • Courses in organizational change, analytics, program evaluation, leadership ethics, and strategic communication.
  • A capstone or dissertation topic that produces measurable business or workforce value.
  • Faculty or adjuncts with consulting, corporate training, healthcare administration, or nonprofit executive experience.
  • Assignments that can become board briefs, executive presentations, dashboards, or implementation plans.
  • Electives that help you translate human services expertise into HR, CSR, learning, operations, or wellbeing language.

Should You Choose a Traditional Human Services PhD or a Professional Applied Doctorate for Career Growth?

The choice between a traditional Human Services PhD and a professional applied doctorate should start with your target career, not with assumptions about prestige. A PhD is typically designed around theory, research methods, scholarship, and knowledge creation. A professional applied doctorate is typically designed around leadership practice, organizational problem-solving, and applied change.

If you are still at the beginning of the pathway and considering foundational preparation before graduate study, exploring best online bachelors in sociology programs can make sense because sociology builds useful context for inequality, institutions, policy, communities, and social systems. At the doctoral level, however, the decision should be much more career-specific.

The table below compares the two doctoral routes for career growth.

Decision factorTraditional PhDProfessional applied doctorate
Primary purposeGenerate original scholarship and prepare for research-intensive rolesApply research to solve complex leadership and practice problems
Best fitFuture faculty, researchers, policy scholars, and academic administratorsExecutives, senior practitioners, consultants, agency leaders, and applied policy professionals
Final projectTraditional dissertation with strong methods and theoretical contributionApplied dissertation, capstone, improvement project, or practice-based research
Career signalDepth in research, theory, publication, and scholarly identityAdvanced leadership, implementation, evaluation, and organizational problem-solving
Common strengthAcademic credibility and preparation for research careersDirect workplace relevance and executive portfolio development
Common limitationMay be less targeted to immediate operational leadership outcomesMay be less competitive for research-intensive tenure-track roles, depending on institution and field

Choose a PhD if you want to publish, teach in research-oriented settings, compete for academic roles, or conduct independent scholarship. Choose an applied doctorate if you want to lead organizations, consult, evaluate programs, improve systems, or move into executive decision-making.

A practical mistake is choosing a PhD for corporate credibility when an applied doctorate would produce a stronger leadership portfolio. Another mistake is choosing a capstone-based doctorate when your real goal is a research faculty appointment. The best choice is the one that aligns the credential, specialization, final project, faculty mentorship, and target job market.

Other Things You Should Know About Human Services

Can an online Human Services doctorate lead to licensure?

Usually not by itself. Licensure depends on the profession, state board, supervised hours, exams, and whether your qualifying degree meets specific standards. A doctorate may support leadership or specialization, but counseling, psychology, and clinical social work licenses have separate rules.

Are residencies required in online Human Services doctoral programs?

Some programs are fully online, while others require short residencies, intensives, dissertation workshops, or campus visits. Residencies can add travel costs, but they may also strengthen faculty access, cohort relationships, and project development.

Will a Human Services doctorate help me teach online?

It can help, especially for adjunct or practitioner-focused teaching roles. Full-time faculty roles may require a PhD, publications, teaching experience, or discipline-specific credentials, so review job postings from the institutions where you want to teach.

Should I list my specialization on my resume?

Yes, if it clarifies your value for the role. For example, "Doctorate in Human Services, specialization in Program Evaluation" is more useful for an evaluation director role than listing only the degree title.

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